Siyazi ukuba ngokunyuka kobushushu behlabathi amaqondo obushushu akhula rhoqo ngonyaka. Kangangokuba amaza obushushu ehlotyeni aphawule amaqondo obushushu amatsha kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi. Elinye lawona maza obushushu akhunjulwayo yi NgoJuni 2019 igagasi lobushushu apha eSpain amaqondo obushushu abo ayephezulu ebeka irekhodi. Izazinzulu ziye zasihlalutya esi siganeko ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi ukuze basiqonde ngakumbi.
Ngesi sizathu, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukuze sikuxelele ukuba luyintoni na uphando malunga namaza obushushu kaJuni ka-2019.
Iimpawu zobuninzi bomoya
Kwi-meteorology, kwi-thermal characterization ye-air mass, i-parameter yeqondo lokushisa idla ngokusetyenziswa kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-1500 m, ehambelana nenqanaba loxinzelelo lwe-850 hPa. Oku kwenziwa ngenxa yokuba olu maleko lufumaneka ngokubanzi kwi-atmosfera ekhululekileyo ngaphandle kwendawo yokuvalelwa kwe-atmosfera kwaye ngenxa yoko ayichatshazelwa kangako kukudityaniswa komoya nomhlaba, nangona kwintsimi yethu yeeplateaus kunye namathafa, ubushushu bomhlaba busasazeka kwindawo yethu. elo nqanaba ukusuka emini, ngoko ngokuqhelekileyo sisebenzisa ubushushu be-12 UTC 850 hPUkwenza ireferensi, umgangatho womoya (okanye ukupholisa ebusuku) ngexesha lokufudumeza imini awukafiki ngokupheleleyo kwinqanaba leemitha ezili-1500 (okanye ukupholisa ebusuku).
Ukongeza, i-12 UTC ihambelana nokuqaliswa kwesinye sezixhobo ezimbini zomoya eziqhutywa kwihlabathi jikelele yiNkonzo yeMozulu yeSizwe kunye neminye imibutho ehambelanayo, ehlala isebenza ngaphezu kwewaka leeyure nganye. Ezi radiosondes zasemoyeni sele zisetyenziswa amashumi eminyaka kwaye idatha yayo isetyenziselwa uhlalutyo lwe-atmospheric, uqikelelo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwakhona, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi.
NgoJuni 2019 igagasi lobushushu
Ngale ngqwalasela yangaphambili, ukusuka kwidatha ye-850 hPa yokushisa kunokwenzeka ukuchaza ubunzima bomoya phezu kwe-peninsula (ingakumbi echaphazela imimandla ephakathi, emantla nakumantla-mpuma) kunye nentshona yelizwekazi laseYurophu kwiintsuku zokugqibela zikaJuni 2019. Ubunzima bomoya waseAfrika ukuba ibhabha phezu kwabo yeyona nto ishushu kwirekhodi ngoJuni kwiminyaka engama-40 edlulileyo. Nakwiindawo ezincinci zendawo echongiweyo, ibiyeyona ndawo ishushu yomoya kuyo nayiphi na inyanga enyakeni kumashumi amane eminyaka edlulileyo. Njengoko kubonisiwe kwimifanekiso emibini yokuqala, isiqingatha esisemantla sikasingasiqithi sasinobushushu obungaqhelekanga obungaphezulu kwe +10ºC ngoJuni 28, 2019, 850 hPa, ngokwahlukileyo kumazantsi-ntshona, apho ubunzima bomoya babuqhelekile kwaye nokubanda kancinci. kwiGulf of Cadiz.
Ubunzima bomoya kwi-peninsular northeast bushushu kakhulu, ngelixa kwiZiqithi zaseCanary ubunzima bomoya mtsha okanye bubanda, kunye ne-avareji engaqhelekanga ye -6 ºC.
Umahluko omkhulu wobushushu phakathi kobunzima bomoya weAtlantiki kunye nobunzima bomoya obubhabha kwintshona yelizwekazi laseYurophu kwiveki ephelileyo kaJuni ka-2019 kungenxa yobukho bendlela yokumisa ye "planetary wave resonance" esanda kupapashwa. Kukholelwa ukuba yeyona ndlela iphambili kwimozulu yasehlotyeni.
Ukongeza kumoya oshushu kakhulu phezu komhlaba, ubukho bomoya obandayo kumbindi weAtlantiki Trench, icala lawo elingasempuma ligalela umoya oshushu kakhulu kwiNtshona Yurophu, kubangela obu bushushu bungaqhelekanga.
Yachaphazela phi kakhulu?
NgoJuni ka-2019 yayiyeyona ishushu kaJuni kwirekhodi eMhlabeni, ngokwedatha ekhutshwe ngoLwesibini. Ngokutsho kweCopernicus, inkonzo yokutshintsha kwemozulu yaseYurophu, i-thermometer ngoJuni kulo nyaka idlule irekhodi likaJuni 0,1 nge-degrees 2016. EYurophu, iqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo ngoJuni laliyi-2 degrees ngaphezu kwesiqhelo.
Ubushushu bokugqibela obuchaphazele i centro, Umntla kunye nomntla-mpuma we-peninsula kunye neZiqithi zeBalearic phakathi kwe-26 kunye ne-30 kaJuni yayiyeyona nto yayifunxa kakhulu ngoJuni kwiminyaka engama-40 edlulileyo. Iziphumo zophononongo zichaza ubunzulu obungaqhelekanga besi siganeko kwaye zityhila ukuba amaza obushushu aqhelekile kwaye abukhali kule mimandla kutshanje ichatshazelwe bubushushu obugqithisileyo.
Ukuthelekisa idatha yobushushu bexesha elidlulileyo le-27, 28 kunye ne-29 kunye nosuku olufanayo lukaJuni phakathi kwe-1979 kunye ne-2018, kwabonwa ukuba ezinye zexabiso ezirekhodiweyo ngexesha lobushushu obuphezulu benyanga edlulileyo yayiyeyona iphakamileyo kwiinqununu ze-14 iSerie.
En Barcelona, Zaragoza, Bilbao, Pamplona, San Sebastian, Logroño, Huesca kunye neBurgos, amaqondo obushushu afikeleleke kwiintsuku ezintathu eziphambili zobushushu bobushushu bezona ziphezulu kuluhlu. Imeko yaseMadrid kunye namanqaku eSierra de Madrid kunye neTorrejón de Ardos, ayizange ishushu njengaloo nyanga kaJuni, iphinda ibonise ixabiso eliphezulu leVitoria, Lleida, Girona, Soria, Teruel kunye neGuadalajara.
Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini yokuqala kule nkulungwane, umoya ofudumeleyo kaJuni, obangela amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga kwimimandla echatshazelwe lilanga lobushushu, wawela phantse amaxesha ali-10 ngaphezu kweminyaka emibini yokugqibela yenkulungwane edlulileyo, ngaphezu kokunyuka ukusuka ukuphindaphinda kwe-3,7 ukuya kwi-3,7 iminyaka yonke iminyaka engama-30,7.
Ukuphindaphinda kwezihlwele zomoya ezishushu kakhulu ezivelisa "iziganeko zemozulu" kunye namaza obushushu ngoJuni ziye zanda ukusuka kwiminyaka eyi-100 kwiminyaka engama-20 yesibini yenkulungwane yama-10 ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-1,3 kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala yale nkulungwane. Kumashumi amabini eminyaka okuqala ale nkulungwane, iziqephu zobushushu obugqithiseleyo okanye ubushushu obugqithiseleyo zaziphindaphindeka kalishumi kunamashumi amabini eminyaka esibini kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX, yaye umoya welizwe ehlotyeni wawuyi-XNUMX degrees ngaphezu kweyokugqibela. ishumi leminyaka, ngaphandle kweCanary Islands, ngokunyuka kwe-1,07 degrees. Ngokutsho kwe-Aemet, zonke ezi zigqibo ziyahambelana noqikelelo lweemeko zokutshintsha kwemozulu ezenziwe kwiminyaka emininzi.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga namaza obushushu kaJuni ka-2019