Las amatye magnetic kunye nemagnethi yamatye inxulumene nemagnethi yeeminerali, ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqondeni iindlela zokuhlola imagnethi geophysical. Uninzi lweeminerali ezenza amatye zibonisa ukuchaphazeleka kwemagnethi ephantsi kakhulu, kwaye isizathu sokuba amatye abe ngumagnetic kukuba ubungakanani beeminerali ezinozibuthe eziziqulathileyo zihlala zincinci. Amaqela amabini kuphela e-geochemical anika amatye ngezi minerali kunye nemagnetism.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into oyifunayo ukuba uyazi malunga namatye magnetic, iimpawu zabo ze-magnetism yamaminerali.
Yintoni amatye magnetic
Iqela le-iron-titanium-oksijeni linezisombululo eziqinileyo zenani lamaminerali amagnetic ukusuka kwi-magnetite (Fe3O4) ukuya kwi-ulvöspinel (Fe2TiO4). Olunye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-iron oxide hematite (Fe2O3) i-antiferromagnetic kwaye ngoko ayibangeli ukungahambi kakuhle kwamagnetic. Isiseko se-iron-sulfur sibonelela nge-pyrrhotite yamaminerali amagnetic (FeS1 + x, 0 enobushushu beCurie obungama-578 ° C.
Nangona ubungakanani, imilo kunye nokusasazwa kwamasuntswana emagnethi etyeni kuya kuchaphazela iipropathi zayo zemagneti, kunengqiqo ukuhlelwa kokuziphatha kwemagnethi yelitye ngokusekelwe kumxholo wayo wemagneti.
Iintlobo zamatye magnetic
Ngenxa yesiqulatho sawo esiphezulu semagnetite, amatye asisiseko amatye adla ngokuba ngamatye azibuthe. Umyinge wemagnethi kumatye e-igneous uyancipha ngokunyuka kwe-asidi, ngoko ke nangona amatye ane-acidic igneous eneempawu ezahlukeneyo zemagnethi, iipropathi zazo zemagneti zihlala zisezantsi kunezo zamatye asisiseko.
Iimpawu zemagnethi zamatye e-metamorphic nazo ziyaguquguquka. Ukuba uxinzelelo oluyinxenye lwe-oksijini luphantsi, i-magnetite iya kuphinda ifakwe kwaye isinyithi kunye ne-oksijini ziya kudibanisa kunye nezinye izigaba zamaminerali njengoko i-degree of metamorphism inyuka. Nangona kunjalo, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-oksijini lunokukhokelela ekwenziweni kwe-magnetite, esebenza njenge-mineral encedisayo kwi-metamorphic reaction.
Ngokubanzi, umxholo wemagneti kunye nokuchaphazeleka kwemagnethi kwamatye kuyahluka ngokubanzi, kwaye kunokubakho ukuhlangana okukhulu phakathi kweethologies ezahlukeneyo. Nini i-anomalies yamagnetic ibonwa kwiindawo ezigqunywe yintlenga, I-anomalies ngokubanzi ibangelwa ngamatye angaphantsi kwe-igneous okanye isiseko se-metamorphic okanye intlenga ephazamisayo.
Oonobangela abaxhaphakileyo bemagnethi anomalies babandakanya iilevees, iimpazamo, ukugotywa okanye ukunqunyulwa kunye nokuhamba kwelava, inani elikhulu lokungena okusisiseko, amatye angaphantsi kwe-metamorphic, kunye nemizimba ye-magnetite ore. Ubungakanani bemagnethi anomaly ukusuka kumashumi e-nT kwindawo esezantsi ye-metamorphic ukuya kumakhulu e-nT kumzimba ongenelelayo osisiseko, kunye nobukhulu beeminerali zemagneti zinokufikelela kumawaka aliqela e-nT.
Intsimi yemagneti kunye nokubaluleka
Emva kweminyaka emithathu yokuqokelela idatha, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku sele ishicilelwe esona sisombululo siphezulu semephu yendawo yomhlaba welithospheric magnetic field. Iseti yedatha isebenzisa ubuchule obutsha bokubumba ukudibanisa iziphumo zokulinganisa kwisathelayithi ye-ESA's Swarm kunye nedatha yembali evela kwisathelayithi ye-CHAMP yaseJamani, evumela izazinzulu ukuba zikhuphe imiqondiso yemagnethi emincinci kumaleko angaphandle oMhlaba. I-Red imele iindawo apho i-lithospheric magnetic field ilungile kwaye i-blue imele iindawo apho i-lithospheric magnetic field ingalunganga.
Inkokeli ye-ESA's Swarm mission, uRune Floberghagen uthe kwingxelo: "Akukho lula ukuqonda uqweqwe lomzali wethu. Asinakusuka nje siyisebenzise ukulinganisa ubume bayo, ukwakheka kwayo kunye nembali.. Imilinganiselo esuka emajukujukwini ixabiseke kakhulu kuba iyinkcazelo yokwakheka kwemagnethi yeqokobhe eliqinileyo leplanethi yethu.
KwiNkomfa yeSayensi yeSwarm eCanada kule veki, imephu entsha ibonise utshintsho oluneenkcukacha kwintsimi ngokuchaneka okukhulu kunokwakhiwa ngokutsha okusekwe kwisathelayithi, okubangelwa bubume bejoloji kumhlaba womhlaba.
Olunye udushe lwenzekile kwiRiphabhliki yaseMbindi Afrika, ephakathi eBangui, apho imagnethi ibukhali kakhulu kwaye yomelele. Isizathu solu tshintsho asikacaci, kodwa ezinye izazinzulu ziqikelela ukuba kunokwenzeka ibe sisiphumo sempembelelo yemeteorite kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-540 ezigidi eyadlulayo.
Ummandla wamagnetic ukwimeko yokuguquguquka okusisigxina. Ukutshintsha kweMagnetic kumantla kunye ne-polarity iguquka rhoqo kumakhulu ambalwa amawaka eminyaka, ngoko ke ikhampasi yalatha emazantsi endaweni yokumantla.
Izibonda zemagneti
Xa intaba-mlilo ivelisa uqweqwe olutsha, ngakumbi ecaleni komgangatho wolwandle, iiminerali ezityebile ngentsimbi kwimagma eqinileyo ziya kujongana nemagnethi emantla, ngaloo ndlela ithatha "umfanekiso okhawulezayo" wemagnethi efumaneka xa ilitye liphola.
Njengoko iipali zemagneti zihamba zibuyela emva naphambili ngokuhamba kwexesha, iiminerali eziqinileyo zenza 'imiphetho' emgangathweni wolwandle kwaye zinike ingxelo yembali yemagnethi yoMhlaba. Imephu yamva nje ye-Swarm isinika umbono ongazange ubonwe ngaphambili weeribhoni ezinxulumene neetectonics zepleyiti, ezibonisa umqolo ophakathi kolwandle.
“Ezi bhanti zemagnethi zibubungqina bokubuyela umva kwemagnethi, kwaye uhlalutyo lwemagnethi esezantsi kolwandle lunokwakha ngokutsha utshintsho lwangaphambili kumbindi wemagnethi. Bakwanceda ukufunda iitectonics zeplate, ”utshilo uDhananjay Ravat weDyunivesithi yaseKentucky.
Imephu entsha ichaza iimpawu zemagnethi ukuya kuthi ga malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-250 ubude kwaye kuya kunceda ukuphanda i-geology kunye nobushushu beLithosphere yoMhlaba.
Amatye e-Magmatic nawo abalulekile kwimbono yamatye magnetic. Kwaye kuyimfuneko ukukhumbula ukuba isixa esikhulu sentsimbi sifumaneka ngaphakathi komhlaba.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga namatye magnetic, ukubaluleka kwawo kunye nepoleni yomhlaba.