Ngokuqinisekileyo ukhe wayijonga le mvula, udidekile kwaye umangalisiwe yindlela awela ngayo. Amaconsi ahlala efana neesetyhula okanye iimilo ezi-oval kwaye, kumntu, uzibona ziwa ngokungathi ziinaliti. Zeziphi iimfihlakalo ezibangela ukwenziwa kwamathontsi amanzi? Yintoni efihliweyo phantsi komphezulu wamathontsi amancinci amanzi kwaye kutheni esenza amathontsi amanzi?
Ukuba ufuna ukucacisa zonke ezi enigmas kunye namathandabuzo, qhubeka ufunda 🙂
Ithontsi lamanzi
Amanzi yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo ekhoyo emhlabeni. Ndiyabulela emanzini, ubomi njengoko sazi ukuba bunokuphuhla. Ukuba ebengenguye, ngekungekho milambo, amachibi, iilwandle okanye iilwandle. Ngaphezu koko, asinakuphila kuba senziwe ngamanzi angama-70%.
Amanzi anokufumaneka kuwo omathathu la mazwe: aqinile (ngohlobo lomkhenkce), ulwelo (amanzi), kunye negesi (umphunga wamanzi). Ukutshintsha kwalo kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kubushushu kunye noxinzelelo. Xa ubushushu busetyenziswa kumkhenkce, amandla awo anyusa ukungcangcazela kweemolekyuli zamanzi ngaphakathi kuwo kwaye buqala ukunyibilika. Ukuba obu bushushu buyaqhubeka, amasuntswana aya kwahluka kangangokuba aya kujika abe yigesi. Umphunga wamanzi zingamathontsi nje amancinci amanzi. Kodwa ...
Kutheni kusenziwa amathontsi amanzi?
Xa salatha iimolekyuli ezenza amanzi, siyenza imilo ejikelezayo efana neebhola ezigcinwe kunye zingcangcazela kwaye zijikeleze. Ukuba bekunjalo, kutheni xa amanzi echithekile anganwenweli kubukhulu bemolekyuli enye? Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yento ebizwa ngokuba yiyo uxinzelelo kumphezulu. Ngombulelo kuxinzelelo lomhlaba olukhoyo phakathi kweemolekyuli, sinokwenza ukuba inaliti idadele ngaphezulu kweglasi okanye izinambuzane ezenza izihlangu zihambe emanzini.
Ukukuqonda oku, kufuneka uyazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kulwelo. Amanzi ayenziwa ziimolekyuli kwaye zona zona ziiathom. I-athomu nganye ineentlawulo ezilungileyo (iiproton) kunye neerhafu ezingalunganga (ii-elektroni) kwaye zinenye okanye enye indlela, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemolekyuli eziyenzayo. Ngamanye amaxesha iqokobhe le-electron linomdla ngakumbi komnye nomnye ngamanye amaxesha iiproton kunye nee-elektroni. Ke ngoko, siyazi ukuba kukho imikhosi yokutsala kunye nokugxeka.
Xa sijonga imolekyuli engaphakathi kulwelo, siyabona ukuba ijikelezwe njani ngokupheleleyo ziimolekyuli ezininzi kwaye apho yonke imikhosi yeemolekyuli ezikhoyo iyarhoxa. Ukuba omnye ebeya kudubula ngasekhohlo, omnye angadubula ngasekunene ngamandla afanayo, ke bayarhoxisana. Oku kwenza ukuba iimolekyuli zibe nazo amandla amancinci kwaye azinzile. Umbuso ohlawula amandla amancinci ukugcina usoloko ufunwa, yintoni eshushu epholileyo phantsi, yintoni ephezulu ukuwa, njl.
Into iyanzima xa ujonga iimolekyuli ezikuluhlu oluphezulu lwamanzi. Ezi molekyuli azirhangqwanga ngokupheleleyo zezinye iimolekyuli. Bafumana kuphela amandla kwicala elinye, kodwa hayi kwelinye. Ukulungisa le ngxaki, iimolekyuli zibeka endaweni yazo ukuzama ukufumana imilo yokunciphisa indawo abahlala kuyo. Kwivolumu efanayo, Umzimba wejiyometri onommandla omncinci umphezulu yibala.
Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, amathontsi amanzi akhiwa xa amanzi egalelwa kwisangqa okanye kubume bendawo. Esi sesona sizathu sokuba izinto ezinobunzima obuncinci kwaye zixinene kunamanzi (ezinje ngezinambuzane ezinamatye) zinokudada, kuba umphezulu wamanzi uthambekele ungaphuli ukuvumela umzimba welinye ilizwe ukuba ungene.
Uxinzelelo lobuso emanzini luphezulu kunezinye izinto ezingamanzi kuba ijometri yeemolekyuli zayo imile kwaye ibangela ukuba kubekho imikhosi emininzi.
Kutheni amathontsi emvula emile okweenyembezi?
Emva kokuba uchazile isizathu sokuba amathontsi amanzi enziwe, lixesha lokuba uchaze ukuba kutheni la mathontsi ethatha imilo yezinyembezi xa esiwa esibhakabhakeni ngexesha lemvula.
Ngokwesiqhelo kuboniswa ithontsi elimile okweenyembezi. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba la mathontsi awela efestileni, ayinasimo sinye. Amathontsi amancinanana ane irediyasi engaphantsi kwe-millimeter kwaye ingqukuva emile. Ezona zinkulu zithatha ubume behamburger buns xa zifikelela kumaxabiso eradiyo angaphezulu kwe-4,5 mm. Xa oku kusenzeka, amathontsi agqwetha kwiparashute enetyhubhu yamanzi ejikeleze isiseko kwaye asasazeka abe ngamathontsi amancinci.
Olu tshintsho kubume bamathontsi amanzi lubangelwe sisiphumo soxinzelelo semikhosi emibini esebenza ngaxeshanye. Eyokuqala yile uxinzelelo lomhlaba ngaphambi kokuba lubonwe kwaye okwesibini luxinzelelo lomoya, umaleko wokutyhala isiseko sedrophu phezulu njengoko isiwa. Xa ithontsi lamanzi lincinci, uxinzelelo kumphezulu lunegunya elingaphezulu kunelo loxinzelelo lomoya, ukuze ithontsi lithathe ubume bendawo. Njengokuba ubungakanani bethontsi lamanzi lonyuka, isantya awela ngaso siyonyuka, ngohlobo lokuba kunyuke namandla oxinzelelo lomoya kwithontsi lamanzi. Oku kubangela ukuba ithontsi licwecwe ngakumbi kwaye iifom zoxinzelelo ngaphakathi.
Xa irediyasi yedrophu ingaphezulu kwe-4 mm, uxinzelelo embindini wethontsi lonyuka ngendlela yokuba lwenze ingxowa eneringi yamanzi ngaphezulu kwaye kolu luhlu lukhulu ezincinci ezincinci ziyenziwa.
Ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nokuhla kwamanzi nokuba kutheni benolo bume xa bekwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ngoku ungajonga ngefestile ngolwazi olukhulu ngakumbi malunga nezinto ezisinika ubomi.