La amandla okujikeleza kinetic Luhlobo lwamandla olunxulumene nokushukuma kwezinto ezijikeleze i-axis yokujikeleza. Olu hlobo lwamandla lubalulekile kwiimeko ezininzi zomzimba, ukusuka kwi-classical mechanics ukuya kwi-quantum physics.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela ukuba yintoni amandla e-kinetic okujikeleza, iimpawu zayo, iingenelo kunye nokungonakali.
Yintoni amandla e-kinetic okujikeleza
Ngamagama alula, amandla ajikelezayo e-kinetic abhekisa kumthamo wamandla ento enawo ngenxa yokujikeleza kwayo kwi-axis. La mandla abalwa ukusuka ubunzima bento, isantya se-angular, kunye nomgama ukusuka kumbindi wento yobunzima ukuya kwi-axis yokujikeleza.
Umzekelo oqhelekileyo wolu hlobo lwamandla kukuhamba kwevili lebhayisikili. Xa ibhayisekile ihamba, ivili liqala ukujikeleza kwi-axis yalo yokujikeleza. Njengoko ivili lijikeleza ngokukhawuleza, i-kinetics yayo ejikelezayo inyuka, ivumela ibhayisekile ukuba iqhubeke ihamba phambili ngokulula.
Omnye umzekelo woku kushukuma komphezulu ojikelezayo. Xa umphezulu usontwa, amandla ayo ekinetic ajikelezayo ayanda njengoko ifumana isantya se-angular. La mandla ngawona agcina umphezulu ujikeleza ixesha elide.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amandla e-kinetic okujikeleza ahambelana nobunzima kunye nesantya se-angular yento, kodwa ayixhomekeke kwisantya sayo somgca. Ke into inokuba namandla ajikelezayo ekinetic aphezulu nangona ihamba ngesantya esicothayo.
Izinto eziluncedo kwi-Rotational Kinetic Energy
Ezi zizinto eziphambili zolu hlobo lwamandla:
- Ukusebenza kwamandla: Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zamandla e-kinetic ajikelezayo kukusebenza kwawo amandla aphezulu. Umzekelo, ii-injini zokutsha zangaphakathi ziguqula ngaphezu kwe-90% yamandla ekhemikhali kumafutha abe ngamandla ajikelezayo e-kinetic. Oku kusebenza kakuhle kubalulekile kuba kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha kunye nokukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse ehambelanayo.
- Uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo: Ingasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo, nto leyo eyenza ibe yindlela esebenza ngeendlela ezininzi zamandla. Iinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi zisetyenziselwa uluhlu olubanzi lwezithuthi kunye noomatshini abanzima, ngelixa ezinye iindlela zamandla e-kinetic ajikelezayo zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa, ukuveliswa kwamandla ombane, kunye nokuhlola indawo.
- Itorque ephezulu: Amandla ajikelezayo ekinetic nawo angabotshelelwa ukuvelisa amanqanaba aphezulu etorque, okwenza la mandla abe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo ezifuna amandla okuqalisa aphezulu, njengeenjini zezithuthi kunye neepropeller zeenqanawa. I-torque ngumlinganiselo wamandla okujikeleza kwento kwaye ibalulekile kwiinkqubo ezininzi zoomatshini.
- Indawo yokugcina: Enye inzuzo yamandla e-kinetic ejikelezayo kukukhululeka kwayo ukugcina. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iindlela zamandla, njengamandla ombane okanye amandla ashushu, amandla ajikelezayo e-kinetic anokugcinwa ngokulula kwinto ehambayo.
Iingxaki
Nangona olu hlobo lwamandla luneenzuzo, lukwanazo ezinye izinto ezingeloncedo ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo:
- Kunokuba nzima ukuyilawula. Izinto ezijikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu zinokuba yingozi ukuba azilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye zingabangela umonakalo kubantu kunye nepropati ekufutshane ukuba ayiphathwa ngononophelo. Ngesi sizathu, izixhobo ezisebenzisa amandla e-rotational kinetic kufuneka ziyilwe ngononophelo kwaye zisetyenziswe ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi.
- Ngamanye amaxesha kuba nzima ukugcina. Ngokungafaniyo neminye imithombo yamandla, njengombane okanye isibaso, amandla e-kinetic okujikeleza akanakugcinwa lula. Oku kubangela ukuba izixhobo ezisebenzisa amandla e-kinetic okujikeleza kufuneka zihlale zishukuma ukugcina amandla azo, nto leyo enokuba ngumngeni kwezinye iimeko.
- Kwezinye iimeko ayisebenzi. Ezinye izixhobo ezisebenzisa i-kinetic energy yokujikeleza zinokulahlekelwa amandla ngenxa yokungqubana kunye nezinye izinto, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwazo ngexesha elide. Izixhobo ezisebenzisa i-kinetic energy yokujikeleza nazo zibiza kakhulu ukugcina nokulungiswa ngenxa yobunzima bazo kunye neendawo ezihambayo ezizibumbayo.
Isetyenzwa kwaye igcinwe njani
I-kinetic energy yokujikeleza ibalulekile ekuguqulweni kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zamandla ezibonelela ngeenkonzo kuluntu zombini kwiindawo zokusebenza kunye nasekhaya. Ngokutsho kweCentro de Estudios Cervantinos, la mandla asebenzisa i-kinetics ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuguqula ezinye iindlela zamandla. Ezi zezi ndlela zilandelayo ekufuneka baguqule la mandla:
- Uguqulo lwamandla omoya amandla ekinetic emizimba eshukumayo yomoya ukuya kumbane. Umoya uveliswa ziipateni ezintsonkothileyo zotshintsho kumandla obushushu obubangelwa kukufudumeza kunye nokuphola kweatmosfera kunye neelwandle ngemitha yelanga.
- Amandla ombane osebenza ngamanzi athatha ithuba leentshukumo zamanzi ashukumayo njengoko esiwa (kwingxangxasi okanye kwidama lombane).
- Amandla olwandle asebenzisa amandla ashukumayo amanzi njengoko ebuyela emva naphambili ngenxa yamaza.
- Amandla e-Thermal yindlela ekhethekileyo yamandla e-kinetic. Lo ayingomandla eyonke into ehambayo, kodwa amandla ewonke entshukumo, ukujikeleza, kunye nokungcangcazela kweeathomu kunye neeathomu ngaphakathi kwento.
Ngokuphathelele ugcino, iibhetri zoomatshini eziphinda zitshajwe zenziwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Ii-accumulators zigcina amandla oomatshini kubunzima obujikelezayo obubizwa ngokuba yi-flywheel.
- Umatshini ovelisa umbane uguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngamandla ombane ukubuyisela amandla agcinwe kwi-flywheel.
- ukuguqula amandla okuguqula Iqhutyelwa ngokuvula i-motor ukuhlawula i-accumulator okanye i-capacitor.
- I-flywheel idibaniswe kwi-motor-generator yombane kwaye yenza umatshini ozimeleyo, oxhunywe ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa iintambo kunye nebhetri ye-electrochemical.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-kinetic energy yokujikeleza kunye neempawu zayo.