Yintoni utshintsho lwemozulu?

Ngokuqinisekileyo uvile amaxesha amaninzi kule minyaka idlulileyo malunga notshintsho lwemozulu kunye neziphumo ezinokubakho kwixesha eliphakathi nelide. Kodwa, Ngaba uyazi ngokwenene ukuba igama ngokwalo lithetha ntoni kwaye ngaba linzulu njengoko besitsho?

Inyani yile yokuba utshintsho lwemozulu luhlala lusenzeka, kuba ayisiyonto ingaphaya kokutshintsha kwemozulu ixesha elide ngenxa yokugqitha ukufudumala kobuso bomhlaba wonke. Phantsi kweemeko zendalo yinkqubo eqhelekileyo, eqhelekileyo emhlabeni, kodwa kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje abantu baye bayenza mandundu le nto kuthiwa yeyokukhulisa ubushushu. Lo nto, Yintoni utshintsho lwemozulu?

Yintoni utshintsho lwemozulu?

I-Meteorology licandelo elibanzi nelintsokothileyo lophando, ukusukela oko imozulu ayizange imile, kwaye le yinto nathi ngokwethu esinokuyiqaphela ngokuhamba kwamaxesha, kwanemihla. Zininzi izinto ezichaphazelekayo: ukuphakama, umgama ukusuka kwi-ikhweyitha, imisinga yolwandle, phakathi kwabanye. Xa sithetha 'ngotshintsho lwemozulu' sibhekisa kwi ukwahluka kwexesha elide kwimozulu yasemhlabeni. Ixesha laqulunqwa ngo-1988 liqela lezenzululwazi eligqibe kwelokuba ukuqhubeka kokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwakukhawulezisa utshintsho lwemozulu yendalo.

Ezi ngcali zivelise uthotho lweengxelo uninzi loorhulumente abakhulu kufuneka athobele ukuba abafuni iziphumo ezonakalisayo ziqhubeke.

Izizathu eziphambili

Unobangela wotshintsho lwemozulu unokuba zendalo o anthropogenicOko kukuthi, ngezenzo zomntu.

Izizathu zendalo 

Phakathi kwezona zinto ziphambili zendalo sifumana oku kulandelayo:

• Imisinga yolwandle
• Imagnethi yomhlaba
• Umahluko welanga
• Iimpembelelo zeMeteorite okanye zeasteroid
• Umsebenzi wentaba-mlilo

Zonke ziye zabangela utshintsho olukhulu kwimozulu. Umzekelo, Iminyaka engama-65 yezigidi eyadlulayo i-asteroid yabetha eMhlabeni kwaye yaphela yabangela i-Ice Age, ukutshabalalisa iidinosaurs ezimbalwa ezasalayo zisaphila emva kwentlekele. Kumaxesha akutshanje, ithi iminyaka eli-12.800 XNUMX eyadlulayo imeteorite eyabetha iMexico yabangela kwaloo nto yamkelwa ngokufanayo.

Izizathu ze-anthropogenic

 Kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthetha ukuba umntu angalonakalisa utshintsho lwemozulu de el Homo sapiens iza kuqala ukugawula amahlathi Ukuzijika zibe yimihlaba yokulima. Kuyinyani ukuba ngelo xesha (malunga neminyaka engama-10 XNUMX eyadlulayo) uhlanga loluntu aluzange ludlule kwizigidi ezihlanu, nangona ingumbalo obalulekileyo, ifuthe loMhlaba belingaphantsi kakhulu kunamhlanje.

Ngoku sisecicini lokufikelela kubantu abayi-7 bhiliyoni. Kwaye le nto siyenzayo kwiplanethi yethu iyaqala ukuthatha umthwalo wayo, ukusukela oko kwiNguquko yoShishino siye sonyusa ukukhutshwa kweegesi ezinjengekhabhon diokside okanye imethane, enegalelo ekwandiseni umphumo we greenhouse. Kodwa, iquka ntoni?

Xa uthetha ngale nkqubo, kubhekiswa kuyo ukugcina ubushushu belanga emoyeni ngophahla lweegesi (ezinje nge-CO2, imethane, okanye i-nitrous oxide) efumaneka kuyo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ngaphandle kwesi siphumo akunakubakho ubomi njengoko sibazi, kuba iplanethi ibiya kubanda kakhulu. Indalo iphethe ulungelelwaniso lokukhutshwa, kodwa senze nzima kubo: sonyuse ukukhutshwa nge-30% ukusukela kwinkulungwane ephelileyo.

Namhlanje phantse zonke izazinzulu ziyavuma ukuba indlela yethu yokuvelisa amandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kuyayitshintsha imozulu, eya kuthi yona ibangele iimpembelelo ezinzulu eMhlabeni, ke ngoko, kwindlela yethu yobomi.

Ngokwengxelo zamva nje ezivela kwi-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), iziphumo ezibi zotshintsho lwemozulu sele ziqala ukuvakala kuwo wonke umhlaba. Amaqondo obushushu anyukile nge-0,6ºC kwinkulungwane yama-10, kwaye amanqanaba olwandle anyuke nge-12 ukuya kwi-0.4 yeesentimitha. Uqikelelo aluthembisi konke konke: amaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe-4 ukuya kwi-25 degrees aphezulu kulindeleke kwinkulungwane yama-82 kunye nokunyuka komgangatho wolwandle phakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-XNUMX ukuya kuma-XNUMX.

Iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu yangoku

Siyazi ukuba amaqondo obushushu aza kunyuka, kodwa Yintoni ekufuneka sijongane nayo? Ukuba nemozulu emnandi kunokuba ziindaba ezimnandi kubantu abaninzi, kodwa inyani kukuba kufuneka sizilungiselele iziphumo ezinokutshintsha umhlaba wethu ngonaphakade.

Iziphumo kwizinto eziphilayo 

Ukusweleka, izifo, uxabana, ukungondleki, ... ngamafutshane, yonke into esingayithandiyo iya kunyuka ngenxa yamaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ukongeza, izifo ezitsha ziya kuvela, kwaye ezo bezihlala zigxile kwimimandla yetropiki, iya kuqhubela phambili kumbindi wobubanzi.

Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana ziya kuchaphazeleka: Iziganeko zentwasahlobo ezinjengeentyatyambo okanye ukubekwa kweqanda ziya kuza kwangoko. Ezinye iintlobo ziya kuyeka ukufuduka, kwaye abanye baya kunyanzelwa ukuba benze njalo ukuba bafuna ukusinda.

Iziphumo emhlabeni

Ngokwandisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2, ulwandle luyakufumana ngaphezulu kwale gesi ke iya acidify. Ngenxa yoko, izilwanyana ezininzi, ezinje ngeekorale okanye iimbaza, ziya kutshabalala. Kwindawo eziphakamileyo, umthamo we-algae kunye neplankton ziya kutshintsha.

Iziqithi eziphantsi kunye nonxweme iya kungeniswa emanzini ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle; kwaye kwiindawo ezininzi izikhukula ziya kuba yenye yezona ngxaki zixhalabisayo ekuza kufuneka bajongane nazo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imbalela iya isiba qatha kule mimandla apho imvula inqabile khona.

Njengoko sele ubonile, utshintsho lwemozulu yinto enzulu kwaye ekufuneka wonke umntu ayazi, ngakumbi iinkokheli zamagunya amakhulu ehlabathi. Kwixesha eliphakathi, iplanethi inokufumana uthotho lweziphumo ezingenakulungiswa.