Xa sibona imbonakalo yomhlaba kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo ukuba kukho iiarhente ezahlukeneyo ze-geomorphological agents ezizizinto ezinokukwazi ukumodareyitha ubume bembonakalo yomhlaba. Ezi zizinto ezinomsebenzi othile kwaye ziyakwazi ukwenza iifom ezintsha kuncedo okanye ukutshabalalisa ezikhoyo. Olu lungelelwaniso oluqhubekayo kwijografi yomhlaba. Uhlobo olunye lwearhente ye-geomorphological yi Umzekelo womkhenkce. un umkhenkce omkhenkce lulwimi lomkhenkce oluqhubela phambili elwandle kwaye olukwaziyo ukuvelisa icebergs.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga ne-glacier modeling.
Yintoni i-glacier shaper
Xa sithetha ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ze-geomorphological agents ezisebenza kumhlaba othile, sithetha ngezenzo eziqhubekayo zezi zinto zisebenza kuncedo. Umzekelo, ukuphakama kwenkqubo yeentaba kuzisa ukuhlaziywa kwemijelo yemilambo. Ngokwesiqhelo, sithetha ngemodeli yefluvial apho ezinye izinto zithathelwa ingqalelo, ezinjengomoya, amaza olwandle kunye namaza. Umkhenkce nawo uyakwazi ukumodareyitha ubume bendawo ngokuthanda kwakhe, nangona kuhamba kancinci.
Ngokungafaniyo noko kuhlala kucingwa ukuba, umkhenkce omkhenkce yinkqubo enamandla ehamba nenkqubo yeentaba ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukucinga ukuba sithetha ngomkhenkce kukucinga ukuba ngumzimba ongenawo amandla oza kuhlala ungasebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, igcina intshukumo engaguquguqukiyo kuba, ngelixa amanzi angamanzi ayabonisa zonke iimolekyuli ezibophayo phakathi kwabo, iyahamba kwaye yomkhenkce ecaleni kwenkqubo yentaba.
Ndiyabulela kwinto yokuba umkhenkce unobuninzi obuncinci kunamanzi, abaleka ukudada kwaye amachibi kunye neelwandle zinokumisa kodwa ngaphezulu kumphezulu. Ngale ndlela, ezinye izinto eziphilayo kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezihlala kuzo zinokuqhubeka nokuhlala phantsi kwe-ice sheet ngaphandle kwengxaki. Ukuba senza izibalo, umkhenkce umalunga neyesithoba kubuninzi bamanzi alulwelo. Esi sizathu sokuba nayiphi na icerberg isaligcina icandelo lesithoba lomzimba ngaphandle kokutshona.
Imodeli yeGlacier siseti yezinto eziguqula ubume bexesha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngenxa yokuba umkhenkce othuthwayo ususwa kwelinye icala lenkqubo yeentaba uye kwelinye, uyalungisa kwaye uguqule isiqabu sonke esidlula kuso. Ngaphezulu kwamawakawaka eminyaka nasemva kwamakhulu emijikelezo yengqele kunye nokunyibilika, bagqibela bebumba imbonakalo yomhlaba. Yile nto siyibiza ngokuba sisisongeli somkhenkce.
Iimpawu zomkhenkce kunye nokusebenza kwawo
Ukuthetha ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezisebenza kule ndawo iphakathi kufuneka siqwalasele imeko yomkhenkce. Yinto enamandla eguqukayo ebaluleke kakhulu xa usenza umzekelo wokuma komhlaba. Zihlala zifunyanwa ziphakamile ezintabeni nakwiindawo ezisemacaleni, kuba iqondo lobushushu lihlala liphantsi kwaye livumela ukwakheka komkhenkce oqhubekayo. Masingakulibali ukuba umkhenkce ukuze ubenako ukumila imbonakalo yomhlaba kufuneka uhlale uzinzile iminyaka kunye neminyaka.
Njengearhente yokuma komhlaba sinako ukwahlula izinto zomkhenkce kwiinkqubo ezintathu eziphambili: Ukhukuliseko, ukuthuthwa kunye nentlenga. Xa kuziwa kumkhenkce ophakathi, ukuthuthwa yeyona nto ingabalulekanga.
Sifumana imodeli yomkhenkce kwiindawo apho amaqondo obushushu ahlala ezinzile ejikeleze i-0 degrees. Eli bushushu liqhelekile kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zeentaba kwaye libizwa ngokuba ngumkhenkce wentaba. Inkqubo yokhukuliseko lomhlaba evelisa umkhenkce yahlulahlula yaba ziibhloko ezimbini ezinkulu. Eyokuqala yinto eyaziwa ngokuba yimozulu ebonakalayo. Isimo sezulu sezulu asiyonto ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kwezinto ze-geological ngokusebenza kwee-arhente zangaphandle ezahlukeneyo.
Amanzi anokukwazi ukwanda ngenxa yokuba, xa ebanda, anyusa ivolumu yawo, ngokuchaseneyo nezinye izinto ezenziwayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukuba ubungakanani bamanzi alulwelo buye bavela apho ukutya kwelitye kuguquka kube kwimeko eqinileyo, iyakwazi ukuyicanda kwaye yandise ngamandla kangangokuba iya kubangela ukuba iliwa liphule. Le nxalenye yemozulu ebonakalayo yaziwa ngokuba yi-gelling. Enye yezona ndlela zibaluleke kakhulu ukuba umkhenkce kufuneka uphelise umhlaba.
Umkhenkce udlula kwiintlambo ngendlela efanayo kumanzi omlambo kodwa ngesantya esisezantsi. Bayakwazi ukonakalisa kunye nokuhambisa izinto ekupheleni kohambo lwazo kwaye bazibeke ngohlobo lwenzonzobila yomkhenkce.
Imodareyitha yomkhenkce ophakathi
Into yokuqala esihlangana nayo yeyokuqala. Yintshukumo okanye apho izinto ezinamatye ziqhubela phambili enkosi ngokufuduka okwenzeka ezantsi nasemacaleni omkhenkce ngokwawo. Oku kungenxa yokunyibilika kwale mimandla yomkhenkce.
Into yesibini yaziwa ngokuba kukungxala.. Imalunga nomphumo wokucoca umkhenkce okwaziyo ukuvelisa kumphezulu owela kuwo kwaye ushiya uthotho lwale mihla ngeesentimitha ezininzi ububanzi. Ezi ziqhelaniso ziyakwazi ukutyhila ulwazi malunga nokuba kudala kangakanani na umkhenkce udlula apho. Iingcali zeJoloji ziyakwazi ukuba yeyiphi indlela eya phambili yokuhamba kweqhwa.
Phakathi kweefom ezinxulunyaniswa nemodeli yomkhenkce esinayo isekisi yomkhenkce. Yimilo enxulumene nayo enokuba nobukhulu obahlukeneyo kuba umkhenkce usebenza kwizikali ezahlukeneyo. Ibizwa njalo kuba luxinzelelo olwenziwe njengendawo yemidlalo yeqonga kwaye eyenzeka entlokweni yentili. Ihlala ichongwa ngokulula njengoko inokubamba namachibi omkhenkce. Ukuba noxinzelelo emazantsi e-glacier kuthambekele ekuqokeleleni amanzi kwimvula.
Olunye ulwakhiwo esilufumanayo ziintlambo ezimilise okwe-glacial. Kuba ukhukuliseko lomlambo lukhulu ngakumbi kunolomkhenkce, intlambo eyenza ukhukuliseko lomlambo imile okwe-V, ngelixa leyo yomkhenkce umile okwe-U.
Okokugqibela, sikwafumana amagubu. Ziimilo ezilinganayo apho imiphetho enodaka kunye neebhloko ezingaqhelekanga ziye zaveliswa kukushukuma komkhenkce ongakhange uwupolishe wonke umhlaba ogqithe kuwo. Ngale ndlela kuhlala inxenye erhabaxa emi ngaphandle kwabanye kwaye ibizwa ngokuba ziidrum.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nokwenza imodeli yeGlacier.