Enye yeendlela ezinomtsalane zomhlaba yi Umwonyo waseColorado. Yenziwe ngukukhukuliseka komhlaba okubangelwe ngamawaka eminyaka ngokudlula koMlambo iColorado. I-canyon ine-rocky labyrinth shape ehamba ngasemantla e-Arizona e-United States. Uninzi lwale canyon lubhengezwe njengePaki yeSizwe yokuba nobutyebi kwindalo kunye nakwindalo eyahlukileyo.
Ke ngoko, siza kulinikela eli nqaku ukuba likuxelele yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga neempawu, imvelaphi kunye nokuma komhlaba kweColorado Canyon.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Ngo-1979 iColorado Canyon yabhengezwa njenge-UNESCO njengeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi. Namhlanje, kuyangxengwa ukuba ibe yenye yezimanga zendalo zehlabathi. Ayisiyiyo kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bembonakalo yomhlaba wayo, kodwa nangenxa yamathuba ayinikezelayo ngokubhekisele kufundo nakuphando. Umzekelo, unobangela wokukhukuliseka koMlambo iColorado wenza ukuba kube lula ukubona iindawo ezininzi zentlenga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2.000 yezigidigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, ityhila zonke iimfihlelo zembali yomhlaba.
Ukongeza, ayipheleli nje kolu lwazi lolwazi malunga neplanethi yethu, kodwa ikwanobutyebi obukhulu kwindalo eyahlukeneyo kunye nokubanakho komtsalane wabakhenkethi onamandla ngenxa yobuhle bayo. Ukuba sibuyela kwimvelaphi yeColorado Canyon sibona ukuba yenziwe nguMlambo iColorado ikhosi yawo ibisingela phantsi umhlaba kwizigidi zeminyaka. Imalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-446 ubude kwaye ineentaba ezithile eziphakathi kweekhilomitha ezi-6 nezingama-29 ububanzi. Inokufikelela kubunzulu obungaphezulu kwe-1.600 yeemitha.
Kuzo zonke ezi zigidi zeminyaka, iplanethi yethu ishiye imikhondo emininzi malunga nembali kwaye inokufundwa enkosi kwezi ntlenga. Kwaye kungenxa yokuba imilambo kunye nemilambo enqabileyo inqumle ungqimba lwentlabathi ngaxeshanye kwithafa elinyukayo.
Ukufunyanwa malunga neColorado Canyon
Olu tshintsho lubekwe ikakhulu eArizona. Nangona kunjalo, ukulungiswa kwemilambo kwenza ukuba ihlasele i-Utah neNevada. Amanzi amabini entloko anayo ahlukaniswe ngeekhilomitha ezingama-200 phakathi kwabo. Ezona ndawo zityelelweyo zezi zihloko apho ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-5 zeendwendwe zonyaka Bathetha ngokubaluleka kwezokhenketho kule paki yesizwe. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba abakhenkethi abahambi nje kuphela ngeendawo ezintle, kodwa nokufunda okungakumbi ngembali yomhlaba wethu.
Phakathi kweendwendwe eziya eColorado Canyon zonke iintlobo zeengcali. Uninzi lwazo ziingcali zejoloji eziya zodwa ukuya kufunda ngemvelaphi yomhlaba wethu. Icandelo lasentla limalunga neemitha ezingama-2.400 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle kwaye ukufikelela kwayo kubekwe kwindawo ethe qelele ngakumbi. Inokufikelelwa ngemoto okanye ngenqwelomoya, isikhululo seenqwelomoya esikufutshane yiLas Vegas kumgama weekhilomitha ezingama-426 ukuya entshona.
IColorado Canyon Geology
Makhe sibone ukuba yeyiphi eyona geology iphambili kule canyon. Kuya kufuneka sazi ukuba uninzi lwamatye enza iColorado Canyon ngamatye e-sedimentary. Uninzi lwazo lunokufundwa kwaye lubuyele kwiminyaka eziibhiliyoni ezi-2.000 ubudala. Uninzi lweesheli lubekwe ngaphakathi emazantsi yiminyaka engama-230 ezigidi ubudala kwi-limestone yakudala. Uninzi lwamanqwanqwa afunyenwe kwisimo se-canyon sele efakwe kwiilwandle ezishushu ezingekho nzulu ngaselunxwemeni. Sikwabona ezinye izigaqa eziye zafakwa kumgxobhozo oselunxwemeni owenze ulwandle kukuqhubela phambili kunye nokurhoxa elunxwemeni.
Kufuneka sazi ukuba kuyo yonke imbali yomhlaba amanqanaba olwandle enyukile kwaye ehla ngokuxhomekeke kutshintsho lwemozulu olwenzeka ngokwendalo. Akufunekanga sidideke notshintsho lwemozulu lwangoku lubangelwa ngabantu. Isantya sokuqhelaniswa kwezilwanyana kunye nezityalo kutshintsho lwemozulu sasilula kangangesiqingatha seyure. Olona khetho lubalulekileyo lilitye lentlabathi leCoconino elibekwe ngendlela efanayo neendunduma entlango.
Ubunzulu obukhulu beColorado Canyon kwaye ngakumbi ukuphakama kwesiteji sayo kunokubangelwa ngaphezulu kwe-1.500-3.000 yeemitha zokuphakama kwethafa kule minyaka idlulileyo. Ukuphakanyiswa kwaqala ukubakho malunga nezigidi ezingama-65 zeminyaka eyadlulayo. Konke oku kuphakama kuye kwaveliswa ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo kunokuba ibe yinkqubo eqhubekayo, kungoko inezingqimba. I-Strata ngamanqanaba abonakaliswe ngokuba nentlenga enye. Umzekelo, sinokubona intlenge yamatye ahlukeneyo e-sedimentary kwithuba elinye lexesha.
Inkqubo yokuphakamisa inyuse i-gradient yangoku yoMlambo iColorado kunye neerhafu zayo. Ngale ndlela, wakwazi ukunyusa isantya kunye nokukwazi ukuya elityeni ukuguqula ngokuthe ngcembe ukumila komhlaba. Indawo yokuhambisa amanzi emilanjeni yenziwa malunga nezigidi ezingama-40 zeminyaka eyadlulayo, Ngelixa iGrand Canyon ingaphantsi kweminyaka ezizigidi ezi-6 ubudala. Inenkqubo enkulu yokukhukuliseka kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo. Ukhukuliseko lomhlaba luwadla onke amatye alo. Isiphumo sokhukuliseko lomhlaba zezona kholamu zejoloji zintsokothileyo kwiplanethi yonke.
Namhlanje, ikhosi yomlambo iyaqhubeka ukukhukulisa umlambo, ityhila amatye akudala.
Imozulu kunye nokhenketho
Iimeko zemozulu zokufuma okukhulu zenzekile ngexesha lexesha lomkhenkce. Ngexesha lale nkqubo, inani lamanzi eliqokelelwe yindawo yokuhambisa amanzi emilanjeni lenyukile. Ngenxa yoko, ubunzulu kunye nesantya setshaneli sasibangela isixa esikhulu sokhukuliseko ngawo onke la maxesha. Malunga nezigidi ezi-5.3 zeminyaka eyadlulayo inqanaba elisezantsi lomlambo latshintsha xa kuvulwa iGulf of California kwaye lonke inqanaba lesiseko lehla. Njengoko inqanaba lesiseko lehlile, inqanaba lokhukhuliseko lenyuke. Ifikelele kwinqanaba lokukhukuliseka komhlaba kangangokuba phantse yonke iGrand Canyon namhlanje yafikelelwa malunga neminyaka eyi-1.2 yezigidi eyadlulayo.
Ngokubhekisele kukhenketho, eyona ndawo yatyelelwa kakhulu yiColorado Canyon yayikumda osemazantsi malunga ne-2.134 30 yeemitha ngaphezulu komgangatho wolwandle. Unokwenza imisebenzi enje ngokurabha okanye ukuhla komlambo kunye nokuhambahamba phakathi kwabanye. Amagosa epaki akacebisi ukuthatha usuku olunye lokhenketho, kuba umgudu ofunekayo kunye nengozi yokudinwa kubushushu nakumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunokubangela iingxaki ezithile.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi ngeColorado Canyon kunye neempawu zayo.