El Umjelo weBering Yinxalenye yolwandle eqhubeka phakathi komda osempuma wommandla waseAsia kunye nomntla-ntshona womda waseMelika. Kwinxalenye yommandla waseAsia, kubandakanya amazwe afana neSiberia neRussia, ngelixa kumantla-ntshona aseMelika sineAlaska. Le Strait isebenze njengejelo lonxibelelwano phakathi koLwandle lweBering emantla kunye noLwandle lwaseChukotka emazantsi. Kubaluleke kakhulu kwisicwangciso-qhinga nakwezinye izinto ekufanele ukuba uzazi.
Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga neBering Strait kunye neempawu zayo.
Iimpawu eziphambili
IBering Strait ziikhilomitha ezingama-82 ububanzi kwaye ubukhulu becala inamanzi abandayo. Ukuba kufutshane neyona ndawo iphezulu yenyakatho yelizwe kunamaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Oku kuthetha ukuba iqondo lobushushu liya kuba sezantsi unyaka wonke. Unobunzulu obuphakathi kweemitha ezingama-30-50. Yabhaptizwa ngeli gama ukuhlonipha umhloli wamazwe waseDenmark uVitus Bering.
Ngaphakathi koluxinano sifumana iziqithi ezibini ezaziwa ngokuba ziiDiomedes Islands. Yahlulwe yazi-vi Diomedes Minor kunye neDiomedes Greater. Eyokuqala ikummandla waseMntla Melika ngelixa eyesibini ikummandla waseRussia. Zombini iziqithi zidlula kumhla wokutshintsha komhla wokwahlula iStrait ezimbini. Ukutyhubela imbali, kucetywe izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zokwakhiwa kwebhulorho enokuqhagamshela iziphelo ezibini zeBering Strait. Ngaloo ndlela, ungavumela uhambo ukuba luthengise phakathi kweAsia neMelika. Le projekthi yashiywa ngenxa yempumelelo ye-transatlantic cable telegraph.
Emva koko, yaqwalaselwa kwakhona ngo-2011 njengeprojekthi yokuhamba phakathi kwe-United States, iRussia ne China. enokubandakanya itonela elingaphantsi kwamanzi elingama-200 km ubude. Sele le ndawo iphela yeBering Strait yindawo yomkhosi evaliweyo. Ungandwendwela ngeepaspoti ezifanelekileyo ezivela kurhulumente waseRussia. Ngokwesiqhelo kukho ulawulo olungqongqo kummandla wonke. Iidolophu ezikufuphi zaseRussia kuphela zizixeko zaseAnadyr naseProvínia.
Ithiyetha yeBering Strait
Kukho iithiyori ezininzi kunye nomnqweno malunga neBering Strait. Kwaye ke iingcali ezininzi ziyangqina ukuba le ngxaki inokubangela ukuba kubekhona ikoloniyali eMelika. Kukho iingcamango ezininzi malunga nokufuduka kwabantu ukusuka e-Asia ukuya eMelika kumaxesha amandulo. Uninzi lwezi theyori lunempendulo enokubakho kwaye yiBering Strait. Inqanaba elisezantsi lolwandle elibangelwe lixesha lomkhenkce okanye ixesha lomkhenkce beliya kuveza wonke umhlaba othe wadibanisa amazwekazi amabini. Ke, Olunye ukhokho lomntu lwalunokufuduka.
Yenye yeethiyori malunga nokwanda komntu ukusuka kummandla waseAsia ukuya kwindawo yaseMelika. Le bhulorho yendalo yayiza kwaziwa njengeBeringia Bridge. Ukuba le mbono ibiyinyani, kunokwenzeka ukuba le ngxaki ibinokukhokelela ekubeni ilizwe labantu baseMelika liphelele kwaye, ngaphezulu kwako konke, kwindaleko efanayo ngokubhekisele kubazala bayo baseYurophu nabaseAsia. Njengokuba ubushushu behlabathi bonyuka kwakhona, lendlela ngeyanyamalala yanyibilika esibhakabhakeni. Ulwandle lwaphinda lwenyusa inqanaba lalo kwakhona kwaye lwangena kumthombo wendalo phakathi kwamazwekazi. Ngale ndlela, abahlali baseMelika bahlala bodwa kwaye ithiyori esaxoxwayo namhlanje ziingcali kwicandelo.
Yile ndlela abantu baseMelika ekufuneka bekhule ngokuzimela ngayo baseYurophu naseAsia.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeBering Strait
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, le strait ibekwe kuLwandle lweBering. Lulwandle oluneentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana nezityalo. Iqwalaselwe njengendalo yaselwandle ebaluleke kakhulu. Zonke iindawo zearctiki ezijikeleze lo mxhuma zixhamla kubukho bendalo eyahlukeneyo. Kungenxa yokuba amanzi ayo anokufumaneka kwisixa se izilwanyana zaselwandle, iimollusk, ii-crustaceans, iintlanzi kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezinobungakanani obuncinci.
Kukho iindidi ezingaphezu kwe-160 ze-algae ezidadayo ezinenkqubo yazo yendalo kuLwandle lweBering. Umzekelo, sifumana i-algae enkulu emnyama emdaka ekwaziyo ukwenza amahlathi achumileyo kwezinye iindawo zamanzi. Kukho malunga nama-420 eentlobo zeentlanzi eziye zanceda ukwanda kokuloba kunye neshishini ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpembelelo kunye nosongelo oluchaphazela uLwandle lweBering.
IBering Strait ichatshazelwa ngamandla yimpembelelo yabantu, ekwabangela iingxaki elwandle. Yindawo enobungozi kwiingxaki zokusingqongileyo kunye neziphumo ezibi zokufudumala kwehlabathi. Kungoko kuvela ithiyori yeBering Strait ekhankanywe apha ngasentla. Ukuba yindawo ekufutshane noLwandlekazi lweArctic inovakalelo ngakumbi kuba ichaphazeleka ngokwanda kwamanqanaba amanzi ngenxa yokunyibilika komkhenkce osemkhenkceni.
Ungcoliseko
IBering Strait ikwafumana ingxaki yongcoliseko ngenxa yemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yemveliso yabantu. Ukuloba kunengxaki yokuxhatshazwa kunye neengxaki ezinzulu zibangelwe kwiintlobo ezininzi. Umzekelo, eyona ndawo isentshona inesimo esibi sokuloba kakhulu nokuloba ngokungekho mthethweni.
Amanye amacandelo olwandle angcoliswe sisixa esikhulu senkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo kunye nezinto ezinobuthi ezinobungakanani obuncinci. Ingxaki kwezi zinto kukuba zinzima ngakumbi ukuphelisa. Iipolychlorinated biphenyls, ukungcola okungapheliyo kwezinto eziphilayo, umkhondo we-mercury, lead, selenium, kunye ne-cadmium zifunyenwe emzimbeni wezilwanyana ezininzi zolwandle. Sikwabona ezinye iimpembelelo eziveliswe kukugcwala kolwandle oko baphazamisa ubomi baselwandle kunye nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuchitheka kweoyile.
Njengoko ubona, lo mnqamlezo ubambe izinto ezininzi ezinomdla kunye neethiyori ezinokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu unokwandisa umbulelo kubukho bawo. Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi ngeBering Strait kunye neempawu zayo.