Ukutshabalalisa intaba-mlilo

Ingozi yentaba-mlilo

Iintaba-mlilo zoyikwa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi ngenxa yokubanakho ukutshabalalisa yonke into. Oku kusikhumbuza ukuba iplanethi yethu kufuneka isilumkise ukuba iyakwazi ukukhupha bonke ubushushu bayo nanini na. Kwinzululwazi, ukuqikelela a Ukutshabalalisa intaba-mlilo inzima kakhulu. Zininzi izinto eziguquguqukayo ezichaphazela le nkqubo. Ezinye iintaba-mlilo zixhalabisa ngakumbi kunezinye zinikwe amandla aphezulu engozi okanye ngenxa yabemi abanokubachaphazela.

Kule posi siza kuthetha ngazo zonke iimpawu zokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo kwaye zeziphi ezo ntaba-mlilo zikufuphi kakhulu kwaye zilindelwe. Ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi?

Ingozi yentaba-mlilo

Ukutshabalalisa intaba-mlilo

Kwimeko yendalo enje ngesiqhwithi, inkanyamba, inkanyamba okanye, njengakule meko, intaba-mlilo edubulayo yokuba nengozi ethile, Kufuneka kubekho abantu abanokuchaphazela. Sinto yendalo ayimchaphazeli umntu "ayiyongozi". Ke, kunokuthiwa, ngokuxhomekeke kwimpembelelo enokubakho kwimpahla nakubomi babantu, ingozi yabo inyuka okanye iyancipha.

Intaba-mlilo inokuba yingozi kakhulu kuxhomekeka kuhlobo loqhushumbo onalo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuma. Ezi zezona ziphambili:

  • Ukuqhuma kweHawaii: Olu hlobo lokuqhuma lune-basalt eyakhiwe ngokupheleleyo. Igama layo libangelwa yinto yokuba yenzeka kwezinye iziqithi ezinje ngeziqithi zaseHawaii. I-Lava ihlala ilulwelo.
  • Ukuqhuma kweStrombolian: Bona badume kakhulu ngokuba ngabo babonakala kwimiboniso bhanyabhanya nakwimidlalo bhanyabhanya. IMagma inamanzi kakhulu kwaye yenziwe ngeebhasile. Kuyabonakala ukuba umagma unyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kwikholamu yentaba-mlilo de ibe idala ugqabhuko-dubulo kwaye ikhuphe lonke udaka. Iibhola ziveliswa ngaphakathi ngaphakathi njengakwimiboniso bhanyabhanya.
  • Ukuqhuma kweVulcanian: Sifumana uhlobo olunqabileyo lokuqhuma. Kwenzeka xa umzila wentaba-mlilo uzele ludaka kwaye, ngokuqokelelana, ungatyhilelwanga ukukhupha yonke into. Ukuqhuma kwale mibhobho kungathatha ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa.
  • Uqhambuko lukaPlinian: Olu gqabhuko-gazi luphawulwa bubukho bazo bukhulu kwiigesi. Xa izinto zemagnethi zixubeka kunye neegesi ezikhutshiweyo, ii-priroclasts ziyenziwa. Ilitye lepumice elidumileyo lenziwa kwezi ntaba-mlilo.
  • Ukuqhuma kweSurtseyanZenzeka xa umagma edibana namanzi olwandle. Ukuba oku kumanani aphezulu, kuyakubakho uqhushumbo olufana nolwenzeka kwintaba-mlilo yaseSytsey (yiyo loo nto igama layo).
  • Ukuqhuma kwe-Hydrovolcanic: Kuzo kukho ukudubula okuveliswa ngumphunga wamanzi ngaphezulu kweliwa. Olu dubulo ludala iziphumo ezibi kwaye zibaleka udaka.

Iintaba-mlilo "zisalindile" ukuqhuma

Ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo

Xa sithetha ngentaba-mlilo esalinde ukuqhuma, ihlala ingacacanga. Kungenxa yokuba inokuthi isebenze ngokusebenza komhlaba okanye isebenze ngokubonakalayo. Kwigeology, Ixesha lejoloji Isikali apho zonke iinkqubo zomhlaba zenzeka khona. Isikali zizigidi zeminyaka hayi inkulungwane efana naleyo yomntu.

Yiyo loo nto intaba-mlilo inokuthi "ilinde" ukuba idubule kwaye ingabachaphazeli abantu ngeli xesha langoku. Thatha umzekelo ugqabhuko lwe Yonke intaba-mlilo. Khawufane ucinge ukuba kulindelwe ngokuma komhlaba. Oku kungabangela ukuba kuqhume kwisithuba seminyaka engama-250.000. Ngexesha le-geologic, eli nani kwiminyaka iphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, kumgangatho womntu ayinakucingwa. Ngokuqinisekileyo akuyi kukukhathaza ukwazi ukuba imeteorite iya kubetha iplanethi yethu kwiminyaka engama-250.000.

mlilo zilindele ukuqhuma

Umzekelo wokwenyani yi-Yellowstone Caldera volcano. Ukugqithisa kwayo kuqikelelwe ukuba kubi kakhulu. Iingcali zithi ukuhamba kodaka lwentaba-mlilo kwakuza kwanda phakathi kwama-50 nama-65 eekhilomitha. Le volcano isenokungadluli amawaka eminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, uya kuba nesilumkiso sonyaka kuphela sokulungiselela isiganeko esiyintlekele.

Oososayensi bafunda malunga nentaba-mlilo edubulayo ukuze baqonde isimilo kwaye bazame ukukuqikelela. Kuncinci kakhulu okwaziwayo malunga neentaba-mlilo ezisebenzayo ngoku kwihlabathi. Into eyaziwayo kukuba emhlabeni kukho i-volcano ezingama-550. Eli nani alizibandakanyi ezo zifumaneka emazantsi olwandle. Kuphela ziintaba-mlilo ezikufuphi kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi kwihlabathi lokuqala njenge I-United States, iJapan okanye i-Itali zibekwe esweni rhoqo.

Izifundo zeVolcano

i-lava kunye ne-pyroclastic flow evela kwi-volcano eqhumayo

Izazinzulu ziyaqhubeka nokufunda ukuba kungenzeka ntoni na ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo. Ukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi ezona zisenokwenzeka ukuba zidubule, uluhlu lweentaba-mlilo eziye zanohlobo oluthile lokuqhuma kwisithuba seminyaka engama-10.000 XNUMX zithathelwa ingqalelo. Ukukhusela abemi kwintlekele, ukuphapha kufuneka kwandiswe kwaye abantu abanokuba semngciphekweni kufuneka basuswe. Xa abantu besusiwe, ii-alamu zobuxoki kunye nokwaliwa kunokwenziwa ngokufanayo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuqiniseka ngokupheleleyo ukuba ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo kusondele.

Njengoko besitshilo kuyo yonke iposi, Kunzima kakhulu ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi intaba-mlilo enokuqhuma. Izazinzulu zikwazile ukuchonga iintaba-mlilo ezifuna ukubekwa esweni ngakumbi. Uluhlu lwezona zibaluleke kakhulu luye lwenziwa. Oku akutsho ukuba iintaba-mlilo eziluluhlu kufuneka ziqhume.

udaka-mlilo luphuma kwintaba-mlilo

Iintaba-mlilo ezibonakala kuluhlu ziyaguquguquka kakhulu. Uninzi lwazo lukwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi ezineeasethi zoqoqosho ezibalulekileyo. Bayakwazi ukuvelisa iitoni zothuthu, ukuhamba nge-pyroclastic, ukuhamba kwe-lava, njl.

Zonke ezi zinto ziyingozi ngokwaneleyo ukuba zivele nje. Kuyimfuneko ukwandisa ukubekwa esweni kwaye ulungele ukukhupha abantu ngokukhawuleza.

Ezi zi-volcano ezili-16 ezikuluhlu:

  • UAvachinsky-Koryaksky eKamchatka, eRashiya
  • UColima eJalisco, eMexico
  • IGaleras eNariño, eColombia
  • IMauna Loa eHawaii, United States
  • Etna eSicily, e-Itali
  • IMerapi kwiCentral Java, Indonesia
  • INyiragongo eMantla eKivu, kwiDemocratic Republic of the Congo
  • Rainier eWashington, United States
  • IVesuvius eCampania, e-Itali
  • Unzen eNagasaki / Kumamoto, eJapan
  • USakurajima eKagoshima, eJapan
  • USanta Maria eQuetzaltenango, eGuatemala
  • ISantorini eMzantsi Aegean, eGrisi
  • I-Taal Volcano eCalabarzon, Philippines
  • Teide kwiiCanary Islands, eSpain
  • Ulawun eNew Britain, ePapua New Guinea

Ngenxa yabantu abahlala kwezi ndawo, ndiyathemba ukuba azizukuqhuma ngokwabantu.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya uluvo lwakho

Idilesi yakho ye email aziyi kupapashwa. ezidingekayo ziphawulwe *

*

*

  1. Uxanduva lwedatha: UMiguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Injongo yedatha: Ulawulo lwe-SPAM, ulawulo lwezimvo.
  3. Umthetho: Imvume yakho
  4. Unxibelelwano lwedatha: Idatha ayizukuhanjiswa kubantu besithathu ngaphandle koxanduva lomthetho.
  5. Ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha
  6. Amalungelo: Ngalo naliphi na ixesha unganciphisa, uphinde uphinde ucime ulwazi lwakho.