Ukufika kwehlobo nobusika kuhlala kuqala nge-solstice. I-solstice yasebusika ineempawu ezikhethekileyo ezenza eli nqanaba libanda kakhulu kulo nyaka kwi-hemisphere esenyakatho. Abantu abaninzi abazi ukuba yintoni na Ubusika Solstice.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela ukuba yintoni i-solstice yasebusika, zeziphi iimpawu zayo kunye nokubaluleka kwayo.
Yintoni i-solstice yasebusika
Sibhekisela kwi-solstices njengamanqaku amabini ekhosi yonyaka yelanga, apho emini emini ihambelana neendawo ezimbini zetropiki zoMhlaba: I-Cancer kunye neCapricorn, ngaloo ndlela ifikelela ekunciphiseni kwayo okukhulu ngokubhekiselele kwi-equator yomhlaba. Ngamanye amazwi, i-solstice kwenzeka xa ilanga lifika Ubude bayo obuphezulu okanye obuphantsi obubonakalayo esibhakabhakeni, nokuba ngu +23° 27’ (emantla) okanye -23° 27’ (emazantsi) eikhweyitha yoMhlaba..
I-solstice ivela kabini ngonyaka: i-solstice yasehlotyeni kunye ne-solstice yasebusika, ngaloo ndlela iphawula ukuqala kwala maxesha, ashushu kakhulu okanye abandayo ngokuxhomekeke kwi-hemisphere. Ngaloo ndlela, ngasekupheleni kukaJuni, i-solstice yasehlotyeni iyenzeka kumantla e-hemisphere, ngelixa i-solstice yasebusika isenzeka kumazantsi e-hemisphere, kwaye ngokuphambeneyo, ekupheleni kukaDisemba. Lo mcimbi unxulumene nentshukumo yokuthambeka kweeplanethi.
Igama elithi solstice livela kwisiLatini elithi sol Sistere ("iselilanga"), kuba ngezo ntsuku elona xesha lide (ehlotyeni) nelifutshane (ebusika) enyakeni liyenzeka. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iinkcubeko zamandulo ezahlukeneyo zoluntu zanikela ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwezi ntsuku zimbini, zizibona njengeyona ngongoma inkulu okanye ukugcwala kobushushu okanye ukubanda, ngaloo ndlela bezinxulumanisa nobukumkani belanga kunye nobona kukhanya bukhulu, amandla kunye nokuqaqamba kwezulu. ilanga. Ngexesha le-solstice yasebusika kukho ukukhanya okuncinci, ukuzala okuncinci kunye nokubanda, ngoko kukho ubukho behlabathi lomoya, njengoko ihlabathi lasebusuku lidla ngokuqwalaselwa. Enyanisweni, isithethe se-solstice ethandwa kakhulu ebusika yiKrisimesi.
i-solstice kunye ne-equinox
I-solstices ngawona manqaku apho ilanga likude kakhulu kwi-ikhweyitha, livelisa ubukhulu bazo ngokwahlukeneyo ehlotyeni nasebusika, ngelixa i-equinoxes zichasene: iintsuku apho iplanethi yelanga idibana ngokusondeleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka ne-ikhweyitha. imini nobusuku obumalunga nobude obufanayo. Kukho kwakhona ii-equinoxes ezimbini unyaka wonke, ngoMatshi (entwasahlobo) kunye noSeptemba (ekwindla), kumantla e-hemisphere (zichasene nezantsi).
Uninzi lweenkcubeko zabantu zemveli zibona i-equinox njengomhla wokutshintsha ukusuka kwinqwelomoya ukuya kwenye, ixesha lokwamkeleka kwenguqu phakathi kobomi (intwasahlobo, uhlaza) okanye ukufa (ekwindla, ukuwa kwamagqabi).
Ngaba i-solstice yasebusika lusuku lokuqala lwexesha lonyaka?
Isizathu se-solstics kunye namaxesha onyaka kukuba umhlaba uthambeke ngomlinganiselo wama-23,5 degrees ngokuphathelele ilanga. Ngoko ke, njengoko sijikeleza inkwenkwezi yethu, isiqingatha somhlaba esisemantla nesisemazantsi sifumana izixa ezahlukahlukeneyo zokukhanya kwelanga unyaka wonke.
Inxalenye yehemisphere nganye ekude kakhulu nelanga iyaphola apha enyakeni. Injikalanga yasebusika (ngoDisemba emantla, ngoJuni emazantsi) yenzeka xa oku kuthambeka kukokona kugqwesileyo. Esi siganeko seenkwenkwezi senzeka ngosuku lokuqala lobusika kwikhalenda, kodwa izazi ngemozulu ziphambi kwethu kweli xesha lonyaka. Njengoko i-solstice yasebusika isondela, i-climatologists ibukele iimeko zasebusika malunga nenyanga, ngokutsho kukaGreg Hammer we-NOAA yeZiko leSizwe loLwazi lokusiNgqongileyo.
“Ubusika bemozulu kuMntla weIkhweyitha busoloko bubakho ngoDisemba, ngoJanuwari nangoFebruwari, njengoko ezi ngokuqhelekileyo izezona nyanga zibandayo enyakeni. Isekelwe kumjikelo wonyaka wobushushu, hayi ngokwenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi,” utshilo.
Ngenxa yempembelelo enkulu yokukhanya kwelanga kwimozulu yoMhlaba, kutheni ingelilo elona xesha limnyama lonyaka? Ngokusisiseko, ehlotyeni, amanzi kunye nomhlaba zifuna ixesha lokuphola emva kokuba bonke ubushushu bufunxekile. Ngoko ke, ubushushu obuncinane bemini abukho kude kube phantse inyanga kamva.
Ubusika bemozulu bubonisa ngakumbi ikhalenda edumileyo kunye nendlela abantu abaninzi abawabona ngayo amaxesha onyaka. Sikholelwa ukuba ubusika lelona xesha libandayo, ihlobo lelona xesha lishushu, kwaye intwasahlobo nehlobo ngamaxesha eenguqu. Uninzi lwethu lubona ukutshona kwelanga kokuqala kwiveki okanye ezimbini ngaphambi kwe-solstice yasebusika. Kungenxa yokuba ilanga kunye newotshi yethu yabantu azihambelani ncam.
Sahlule iintsuku zethu zibe ziiyure ezingama-24, kodwa umhlaba awujiki kwi-axis yawo ngokuchaneka okunjalo. Ngoxa kusoloko kukho iiyure ezingama-24 ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kwimini enye ukuya kwelandelayo, ixesha eliphakathi kwemini yelanga, ixesha elifikelela ngayo kwindawo ephezulu esibhakabhakeni suku ngalunye, liyahluka. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ixesha lelanga lasemini liyahluka ngokwexesha lonyaka, njengokuphuma kwelanga nokutshona kwelanga.
NgoDisemba, ilanga lasemini lenzeka malunga nemizuzwana engama-30 emva kokugqiba umjikelo weeyure ezingama-24. Nangona sifumana okona kuncinane kokukhanya kwemini xa kungena ilanga, ukutshona kwelanga ngolo suku kusemva kwemizuzu embalwa kunokuba kwakunjalo ekuqaleni kwenyanga.
Kufuphi ne-ikhweyitha, ukutshona kwelanga kwangoko enyakeni kwenzeka ngoNovemba. Ukuyibona ingqamana neSolstice, kuya kufuneka uye kwi-North Pole. Ukutshintsha kwamaxesha onyaka kwindlela yelanga enqumla esibhakabhakeni kufutshane neepali zibangela ukutshona kwelanga kwindawo ephezulu ukuba kufutshane nenjikalanga yasebusika.
Ngaba uyayibona i-solstice yasebusika?
Unokuyiqonda imiphumo yenjikalanga yasebusika ngokujonga okwenzekayo esibhakabhakeni kunye nendlela ukukhanya kwelanga okutshintsha ngayo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Kubabukeli basemantla, I-arc yelanga esibhakabhakeni iye yancipha kwaye iba mfutshane ukususela ngoJuni. Kwi-solstice yasebusika esemantla, ifikelela kwi-arc yayo ephantsi, ephantsi kakhulu kangangokuba ibonakala iphakama kwaye ibekwe kwindawo enye iintsuku eziliqela ngaphambi nangemva kwe-solstice yasebusika.
Ngenxa ye-engile esezantsi yelanga, oku kuthetha ukuba izithunzi zethu zasemini zezona zinde enyakeni ngexesha lenjikalanga yasebusika.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-solstice yasebusika kunye neempawu zayo.