Iplanethi yethu inemilambo ebabazekayo esenza ukuba sicinge ukuba indalo ihlala inezinto ezithile ezisothusayo. Namhlanje sithetha ngayo UMlambo iColorado. Ngumlambo ofunyanwa eMelika nakuMntla Melika kwaye yenye yezona zidumileyo nezaziwayo. Isebenze ngaphezulu kwesigidi seminyaka esi-6 kwaye ukuhamba okuqhubekayo kwamanzi kuyile ilitye, kudala iimilo ezintle kunye nomwonyo onzulu kangangokuba waziwa ngokuba yiGrand Canyon yaseColorado.
Kule nqaku siza kunika iinkcukacha zonke iimpawu zoMlambo iColorado, ukuba wenziwa njani kwaye zeziphi izilwanyana kunye nezilwanyana ezinxulumene nalo mmangaliso.
Iimpawu eziphambili
UMlambo iColorado uqala ukunyuka kwingingqi ye Iintaba ezinamatye. Ukuba ufuna ukuya kubona umthombo weColorado, ungayenza ngokuya kwindawo yokupasa yentaba eyaziwa njengeLa poudre pass. Kule ndawo umlambo uzalelwe kwaye ngumfula nje olula wentaba kwindawo efumileyo. Ukusuka apho, Ihamba iikhilomitha ezingama-2.334 zizonke de iye kungena kuLwandle lwaseCortez. Kuyo yonke le ndlela, zizonke i-637,137 km2 yemijelo yamanzi. Oku kumele iipesenti ezisi-7 zobuso bonke baseMelika.
Ikhosi yoMlambo iColorado ibaluleke ngokukodwa kwaye iyaziwa ukuba inefuthe lokujongela phantsi indlela edlula kuyo. Ngale ndlela, ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-meanders ezincinci kunye ne-canyons ziyenziwa ukuba, kancinci kancinci, zonyuse ubungakanani. Ukususela ekuzalweni kwayo ukuya kwi-1,5 km kude, kwiminyaka edlulileyo iGrand Canyon yokuqala yeYellowstone. Asinzulu kwaye asiphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ikhondo layo eliphakathi lidlula kweminye imiwonyo enzulu.
Ikhosi yomlambo ikwadlula kuyo yonke into ebiyindawo epheleleyo yentlango. Njengoko ubona, lo mlambo ubaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso lwezityalo nezilwanyana kule mimandla kuba ingumthombo wamanzi kwindawo enqabileyo. Inxalenye esezantsi yekhosi yayo ngamanye amaxesha yomile kwaphela. Ngelishwa, imvula iyancipha unyaka nonyaka kwaye, nangona i-delta yayo iseyindawo yokuhlala yeentlobo ezininzi, iyaphulukana nokubaluleka ngakumbi.
Ukuyilwa koMlambo iColorado
Ngumlambo nangaphezulu kwama-25 amancedo ayincedayo ukuba itye amanzi amaninzi kuyo yonke indlela yayo. Eminye yemilambo eyaziwayo eyondla ngamanzi yiGreen, iGila, iSan Juan, iGunnison, iAzul, iDolores, iEscalante kunye neParia.
Sele sithethile ngaphambili ukuba uMlambo iColorado mdala kakhulu ukusukela oko wabekwa. KwiCretaceous, inxalenye yoMntla Melika yayisephantsi koLwandlekazi iPasifiki. Kulapho ke, apho iColorado ingaqala khona njengomjelo omncinci owawusiya kwicala elingasezantsi ntshona. Ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi, malunga nezigidi ezi-5 zeminyaka eyadlulayo, Emva kokukhukuliseka kunye nokumodela okwakubangelwa ngumhlaba, ikhosi yayo yasekwa kuleyo yangoku inomlomo kuLwandle lwaseCortez. Esinye isitya somlambo saphuhliswa ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40 yezigidi edlulileyo.
Nangona uMlambo iColorado ubonakala ngathi uneminyaka eli-17 yezigidi ubudala, uninzi lwento yonke eqingqwe emhlabeni, ekwakhiweni kweengqushu kunye neecanons, yenzekile kwiminyaka ezigidi ezi-6 ezidlulileyo.
Iintyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambilana, umlambo ujikeleza phakathi kwentlango okanye kwiindawo ezisentlango apho sifumana izilwanyana zasendle zilungelelaniswe nale meko imbi. Njengoko kulindelekile, umlambo oqukuqela kakuhle odlula embindini wentlango uza kudala iindawo eziluhlaza ezinxulunyaniswa neentlobo ngeentlobo zeentlobo ezisebenzisa le ndawo intle ngakumbi. Sifumana iintlobo ezithile zeentlanzi ezixhaphakileyo kulo mlambo, ngenxa yokuba iimeko zokusingqongileyo apha zahlukile kwaye azenzeki naphi na emhlabeni. Ke ngoko, ezi ntlobo zinokufumaneka kuphela kuMlambo iColorado zibaluleke kakhulu. Isitya semilambo iyonke likhaya leentlobo ezili-14 zeentlanziKe ngoko, oku kuyonyusa umtsalane kubakhenkethi kodwa kukwavelisa isidingo sokukhusela indalo.
Inenxalenye ngombala omfusa ngakumbi kunye nendawo etyelelayo apho iintlobo ezingezizo ezasemanzini ezinje ngeentaka ezithile kunye nomthi womngcunube. Sikwadibane namalulwane, amasele, iifudo, ii-coyotes, ii-salamanders kunye nee-beavers. Kwi-delta yindawo yokuhlala yeentlobo ezininzi, phakathi kwazo sifumana iintaka zasemanzini.
Kwelinye icala, sifumana iintyatyambo ezenziwe ikakhulu zizityalo ezincinane, eziphantsi. Kuqhelekile ukuba kwindalo yasentlango, izityalo azifumani bukhulu obukhulu ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamanzi. Kwiindonga zomlambo sinokufumana ingca yazo zonke iintlobo, ezinye izityalo ezidadayo emlanjeni ezikwisizukulwana sePotamogeton kunye neTypha, njl. Sinokufumana eminye imithi efana nomthi kaJosué kwiindawo ezikufutshane nemilambo, kodwa kwezinye iindawo ezisentlango asizukufumana nto izityalo ezinamagqabi okanye ezonwabisayo. ICactaceae ixhaphakile kwezi ndawo.
Ukubaluleka kwezoqoqosho kuMlambo iColorado
Njengoko ingenakubaluleka kangako, uMlambo iColorado nawo ubaluleke kakhulu kwezoqoqosho. Abantu bomthonyama be-basin baxhomekeke kule ndlela yokutya kunye nokusela. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ubukho balo mlambo babubalulekile kuphuhliso lwabemi kwenye yezona ndawo zibharhileyo kuwo wonke uMntla Merika.
Inxalenye yalo mjelo wamanzi iphazanyiswa ngamadama ajika amanzi. Phantse ama-90% amanzi asetyenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela izityalo kunye nenye indawo ukubonelela ngamanzi okusela kubemi abakufutshane nomlambo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ibonelela ngamanzi kubantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-40.
Konke oku kuthetha ukuba uMlambo iColorado awuhambi ngexesha lawo elifanelekileyo. Ukuphambukiswa kwamanzi, ungcoliseko, kwazisa iintlobo zezinto eziphilayo, zithotyelwa phantsi kweemeko ezintle zomlambo kwaye zichaphazela iintlobo zezilwanyana. Ngempembelelo yabantu, iindawo zokuhlala ezixabisekileyo ziyatshatyalaliswa, zibangele ukunyamalala kweentlobo zezilwanyana nezilwanyana.
Njengoko ubona, kwanomlambo ongakholelekiyo njengeColorado uchaphazeleka sisandla somntu. Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi ngalo mlambo umhle.