Kule bhlog besele sithethe ngezihloko ezininzi ezinxulumene neenkwenkwezi. Phakathi kwazo sifumana inkqubo yelanga, UMars, Mercury, Venus, Umbhali, Saturnnjl. Nangona kunjalo, asikathethi malunga nososayensi abaye baqhubela phambili le sayensi ngenxa yokufumanisa kwabo. Ke ngoko, namhlanje sikuzisa i-biology ka UEdwin Powell Hubble. Le sisazinzulu esaziwa ngokuba nguyise wecosmology yanamhlanje kwaye wenze uninzi lwezinto ezibalulekileyo ezifunyanisiweyo.
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi lonke igalelo kwi-astronomy kaEdwin Hubble? Kule posi ungazi yonke into. Kufuneka uqhubeke ufunda 🙂
Ushwankathelo lukaEdwin Hubble
Ukufunyanwa kwale sayensi zezabo ziguqule indlela yokujonga indalo iphela. Wazalwa ngo-1889 kwaye, nangona kubonakala ngathi uyaphambana, waqala kwihlabathi legqwetha. Imithetho yezobulungisa yayingenanto yakwenza kangako nemithetho yefiziksi neyendalo iphela. Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka eliqela kamva, wabuya wazokufumana ubugqirha kwi-astronomy. Ndiyabulela ekusebenziseni iteleskopu, uEdwin Hubble wakwazi ukufumanisa uninzi lweminyele emitsha ngo-1920.
Kude kube ngalamzuzu bekucingwa kuphela ukuba sikwisiphelo sendalo apho umda uhlala kwiMilky Way. Ndiyabulela ekufumaneni kwabanye abaninzi, ukuqonda indalo yonke kwaba lula. Umntu Ayisiyombindi wendalo iphela. Ngaphezu, asiyonto ngaphandle kweentakumba ezincinci ngaphakathi kwendawo enkulu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ifunyanisiweyo
Omnye wokujonga awwenzileyo wabonisa ukuba i-nebulae babekude kakhulu. Olu phando lwenziwa ngo-1925 kwaye kulapho kwabonwa khona ukuba ii-nebulae zaziphantse zibe sisigidi seminyaka yokukhanya kwaye, ngenxa yoko, azinakuba yinxalenye ye-Milky Way.
Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo azifumeneyo uHubble yayisemva kophando iinkwenkwezi ezahlukeneyo zeCepheid ezifumaneka kwiAndromeda Nebula. I-Andromeda ngumnyele ongummelwane esinawo kwaye uya kuthi ngokuqinisekileyo usigubungele ngaphakathi kwiibhiliyoni zeminyaka.
Ngeli xesha bekukho izinto ezinkulu ezifunyanisiweyo malunga nemingxunya emnyama emikhulu kunye nembono yokuba yonke iminyele kwindalo iphela inayo enye yazo embindini wayo. Ewe njengokuba ufunda. Le mingxunya mikhulu imnyama inakho ukuginya yonke into ejikeleze kwaye iyenze inyamalale yinto elawula embindini weMilky Way, umnyele wethu. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto inokukhathazeka ngayo. Ukunyamalala kobomi bomntu kubakho ngeendlela ezininzi. Okanye ngenxa yeentlekele zotshintsho lwemozulu, ukuphela kobomi beLanga, ukuwa kwemeteorite, izaqhwithi zelanga, njl.
Konke oku kwafunyanwa nguHubble ngonyaka we-1920. Ngokufunda banzi malunga namandla endalo iphela, wakwazi ukubona indlela eyanda ngayo indalo kwaye ukusuka apho kuza iHubble rhoqo, leyo isetyenziswe kwi-physics nakwi-astronomy ukuchaza izinga lokwanda kwendalo iphela.
Igalelo kwinzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi
Enkosi ekudalweni kweHubble rhoqo, kuye kwakho ukubala ukuba indalo iphela sele ikhula nini ukuze yazi ubudala bayo. Ithiyori enkulu yeBang Bang isixelela ukuba indalo yonke eyaziwayo yaqala kuqhushumbo olukhulu olukhuphe inani elikhulu lamandla. Ubudala bendalo iphela yiminyaka eziibhiliyoni ezili-13.500 kwaye oku kwafunyanwa ngu-Edwin Hubble.
Ukongeza, ngale datha wafumanisa ukuba indalo iphela inamandla amnyama. Olu hlobo lwamandla ngunobangela wokuba iminyele ihlale ngokwahlukana enye kwenye. Ikwayile "ityhala" iminyele ukuze indalo iqhubeke ikhula ngokuqhubekayo.
U-Edwin Hubble ukwazile ukubamba Amanqanaba okuqala eplanethi xa iqala ukubakho. Le datha yafunyanwa ngenxa yokuthathwa kwemifanekiso eyahlukeneyo yediski yothuli kunye negesi ekhoyo malunga neenkwenkwezi ezisandul 'ukuzalwa kwaye ezifumana uxinano. Njengoko into ifumana uxinano ngakumbi, ivumela ezinye izinto eziyingqongileyo ukuba zidibane ngokuthe ngcembe ngenxa yokwanda kwamandla omxhuzulane. Yile ndlela iplanethi eyakhiwe ngayo.
KuHubble, elinye lamagalelo akhe amakhulu kwisayensi yayikukufunyanwa kwemolekyuli ye-organic kwimozulu ye-exoplanet.
Ingcamango kaEdwin Hubble
Ngoku siza kuchaza nzulu ukuba yintoni na ithiyori leyo yenza ukuba uEdwin Hubble adume. Kwaye ukuba ithiyori yakhe ngumlinganiswa ophambili womthetho kaHubble, yiyo loo nto ichaza ukuba yonke iminyele ihamba kude enye kwenye ngesantya esilingana nomgama wayo. Le ntshukumo ibangelwa yinto yokuba uqhushumbo olwenzeka kunye nemvelaphi yendalo iphela ngexesha le-Big Bang, iyaqhubeka nokukhupha amandla.
Akukho mandla omxhuzulane okanye ukungqubana kwindalo iphela. Ke ngoko, ukuba akukho nto inokumisa loo mandla aqhuba i-Big Bang, indalo iya kuqhubeka ikhula kwaye, ngaloo nto, iminyele iya kuqhubeka ukuhamba ngesantya esingaguquguqukiyo.
Ngokuthelekisa phakathi kweminyele eyahlukeneyo awayeyifumene, wakwazi ukumisela ubukhulu bobudlelwane obulinganayo ukongeza kumthetho kaHubble. Ukusuka koku kufunyanisiweyo wafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba indalo iphela inoyilo olunye.
Enkosi kwigalelo likaHubble kulwandiso lwendalo yonke, namhlanje kuyaziwa ukuba Ukuba sijonga i-galaxy yethu naphi na kwindalo yonke iya kuhlala ifana. Oku kungenxa yokwanda ngokusisigxina okwenzeka kwindalo iphela.
Zombini ithiyori yakhe kunye nazo zonke izifundo zakhe kunye nophando ziye zaba neziphumo ezihle kwi-astronomy nakwicosmology namhlanje. Ukuvela kweminyele, kubalwa iminyaka yendalo iphela, inqanaba lokwanda elinalo kwaye zonke izifundo ezinxulumene nendawo enzulu zinendawo yazo enkosi ku-Edwin Hubble.
Njengoko ubona, le nzulu-lwazi eyaqala njengegqwetha inegalelo elininzi kwaye libalulekileyo kwinzululwazi.