ILanga yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwaye zinomdla kwi-solar system. Ichaphazela phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi eMhlabeni, ukusuka ekuboneleleni amandla abalulekileyo ekondleni i-ecosystem. Nangona kunjalo, zininzi izinto ezinomdla onokuthi ungazazi malunga nelanga, ukusuka kwimbali yalo ukuya kwindlela elisebenza ngayo namhlanje.
Ke ngoko, kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela ezinye izinto ezifuna ukwazi ngeLanga mhlawumbi ubungazazi.
Iimfuno zeLanga
ubudala belanga
ILanga lavela kwiminyaka eyi-4.600 yeebhiliyoni eyadlulayo ngokuqokelelwa kwerhasi nothuli oluvela kwizidalwa zasezulwini ezidlulileyo. Abaphandi kunye nezibalo cebisa ukuba isenayo malunga ne-5.000 yezigidigidi zeminyaka eseleyo, elilingana neminyaka engama-35 kuphela xa kuthelekiswa nexesha lokuphila koMhlaba. Ngoko ke, sinokugqiba kwelokuba iLanga ngoku likwinqanaba lotshintsho lomjikelo walo wobomi.
Amandla ewakhuphayo
Kukholelwa ukuba amandla eLanga aphuma ngomzuzwana nje omnye angadlula amandla afunekayo eMhlabeni ngaphezu kweminyaka ezigidi ezibini. Lo mthombo wamandla okhululekileyo, ongenasiphelo ungundoqo kwikamva lethu elizinzileyo.
Ubushushu belanga kunye noomaleko balo obahlukeneyo
Ngaphakathi kweLanga kukho iileya ezininzi, nganye kuzo ineempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye namaqondo obushushu. Embindini weLanga ngumaleko walo ongaphakathi, owaziwa ngokuba ngundoqo. Ngaphakathi entliziyweni, Amaqondo obushushu ayenyuka ngokumangalisayo ukuya kutsho kwi-15 lezigidi ngokukaCelsius (ºC), ukudala imeko-bume yokugqithisa ngokungenakuthelekiswa nanto. Okubangela umdla kukuba, kukulo mmandla apho intshukumo emangalisayo yenyukliya yenzeke, nto leyo ebangela amandla elanga angasikelwanga mda alawula ihlabathi lethu.
ILanga lenziwe ngezaleko ezininzi, ukuqala ngondoqo kunye nokudlulela kwindawo yemitha kunye nendawo yokuhambisa. Njengoko sisuka kude nombindi, ubushushu buyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe. Ngaphaya kwale mimandla sifumana ifotosphere, eyinxalenye yokuqala ebonakalayo yeLanga Olunye umaleko, olwaziwa ngokuba yichromosphere, lwakha umaleko obhityileyo osuka kumda ongaphakathi wephotosphere ukuya kumda ongaphandle weLanga.
Umaleko wokugqibela weLanga, Eyaziwa ngokuba yicorona, igubungela ummandla ongaphandle weLanga. Njengechromosphere, lo maleko ubonakala xa umnyama welanga uphela.
Umbindi womxhuzulane welanga lihlala kuwo.
ILanga, elibekwe njengendawo ekugxilwe kuyo, lisebenza njengeankile yomxhuzulane kuzo zonke iiplanethi ezikwisijikelezi-langa sethu. Oku kuzinza kubalulekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba izijikelezi-langa azibhaduli ngokungenanjongo kwisibhakabhaka esikhulu.
uhlobo lwenkwenkwezi
Inkwenkwezi eyaziwa ngokuba yiSol yeyohlobo lwe-G2V spectral. Ihlelwa njengenkwenkwezi emthubi, ngobunzima obuphakathi kwe-0,8 kunye ne-1,2 ukuphinda-phinda kobeLanga (Inkwenkwezi yodidi lwe-G2), kwaye ikhupha ukukhanya okuthelekisekayo nokwelanga eliqhelekileyo (uhlobo lwe-V inkwenkwezi).
Ububanzi boMhlaba busithwe yiLanga, eliphindwe ka-100
ILanga, lelona qumrhu likhulu kwisixokelelwano sethu sezijikelezi-langa, linobubanzi obuzizigidi ezisisi-1,4 seekhilomitha. Ngokukodwa, yabelana ngokufana noMhlaba kuba yenziwe ngezinto zekhemikhali.
Ubukhulu becala yenziwe yihydrogen kunye nehelium. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo noMhlaba, ILanga liyatshisa kwindawo enkulu, livelisa amaqondo obushushu afikelela kwizigidi. Lo mzimba mkhulu weegesi ezikhanyayo udlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhanyiseni nasekufudumeni isijikelezi-langa sethu, ngaloo ndlela kukhuthaza iimeko ezibalulekileyo ukuze ubomi buphumelele.
Isantya esihamba ngaso
Omnye wemiba ebangel’ umdla yeLanga kukuhamba kwalo okungapheliyo, njengoko lithe gqolo ukusebenza lilandela umkhondo ojikeleza umbindi womnyele wethu iMilky Way. Isantya sayo sifikelela malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-220 ngomzuzwana, ukuyivumela ukuba igubungele umgama ofanayo nokwahlukana koMhlaba neLanga ngeentsuku nje ezisi-7. Ngokomxholo, oku kuthetha ukukwazi okumangalisayo kweLanga ukunqumla imigama emide ngexesha elifutshane.
Ukongeza, uhambo lokukhanya kwelanga ukusuka eLangeni ukuya eMhlabeni luthatha malunga nemizuzu esi-8. Oku kuthetha ukuba yonke imitha yokukhanya kwelanga efikelela kwisijikelezi-langa sethu iye yanqumla kwisibhakabhaka esikhulu seMilky Way kangangemizuzu esi-8. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba iLanga liphumile ngexesha elithile, ukungabikho kwalo bekungayi kubonakala de kube yimizuzu eyi-8 kamva.
Amandla omxhuzulane aphindwe kayi-28 kunawo woMhlaba
Ngobunzima balo obukhulu obuqulunqwe ikakhulu yihydrogen kunye nehelium, iLanga linamandla omxhuzulane awodlula kude lowo woMhlaba. La mandla aqiniswa kukuxinana okuphawulekayo kweLanga, leyo Imalunga ne-1,4 ukujiya ngakumbi kunamanzi. Ngenxa yoko, ubunzima beLanga bufinyezwa kwindawo encinci kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nesijikelezi-langa sethu.
Yiba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wemeko apho ukutsiba okungenamsebenzi kuxhaphakile eMhlabeni, kodwa kuba nzima ngakumbi eLangeni Kufana nokubotshelelwa ngokuqinileyo emhlabeni ngamandla amakhulukazi emagnethi.
Akunakwenzeka ukuba uhlale phezu kweLanga
Ubushushu bomphezulu weLanga, obufikelela kumanqanaba agqithisileyo, lwenza umqobo omkhulu othintela naliphi na ilinge lokuhlala kulo. Obu bushushu bunamandla buya kubulala kuzo zombini izinto nakubantu abazama ukudibana nomphezulu wayo.
Ngaphandle kwembonakalo yayo evuthayo, Ubushushu bokwenyani bomhlaba weLanga bumalunga ne-5.500ºC. Obu bushushu bumangalisayo bubangelwa kukuhlangana kwenyukliya kumbindi wayo, apho amaqondo obushushu anyukela kwizigidi zeedegrees. Okumangalisayo kukuba, ingaphakathi leLanga lishushu ngakumbi kunomphezulu walo obonakalayo, nto leyo ecacisa ukukhanya kwalo okukhazimlayo kunye nokuphuma kwalo ngemitha.
Ikamva likuphononongo lwamandla elanga
Phezu kwako nje ukujonga kwethu ixesha elide ilanga, kusekho isixa esikhulu solwazi esinokufumanisa ngalo mmandla wesibhakabhaka osikhanyiselayo nesigcina ubukho bethu. Kubunzulu bayo obuntsonkothileyo iimfihlelo ezingenakubalwa ezinokubumba ikamva lethu.
Ukuphonononga ilanga kunye nokuqonda amandla alo kunye nokukhutshwa kwemitha yemitha kunamandla okuvula amathuba amatsha okuqhubela phambili itekhnoloji yelanga esebenzayo kwaye ezinzileyo. Ukungena nzulu elangeni kwaye ufunda ngeziganeko zalo ezahlukeneyo kubalulekile ekuqhubeleni phambili ekusetyenzisweni okusebenzayo kwalo mthombo wamandla ohlaziyekayo nongenasiphelo.