Ngokuqinisekileyo kanye xa wawumncinci, ubushushu bomzimba wakho buthelekiswa xa ubunomkhuhlane kwaye basebenzise le nto Ithemometha yeMercury. Esi sixhobo sisetyenziswe ngokubanzi ukwenza okuncinci kwizinto ezininzi ngaphandle kokuthathwa kubushushu bomzimba. Kuba olu hlobo lwethemometha lwaluneengozi ekusetyenzisweni kwalo, bagqiba kwelokuba babuyisele enye yeethemometha zedijithali ezintsha.
Kweli nqaku siza kuchaza ngokucacileyo ukuba isebenza njani, yeyiphi into eyanikwayo kuyo kunye nayo yonke into enxulumene ne-thermometer ye-mercury.
Liquka ntoni?
Esi sixhobo sokulinganisa ubushushu senziwe ngo-1714 nge i-physicist yasePoland kunye neinjineli egama linguDaniel Gabriel Fahrenheit. Kule fani kuza umlinganiso osetyenzisiweyo wesikali. Emva kwexesha isidanga seCelsius saziswa njengenye inqanaba elitsha.
Ithemometha ye-mercury iqulathe ibhalbhu apho ityhubhu yeglasi ethe tyaba inyuka kwaye ngaphakathi iyintsimbi yemercury. Umthamo wale ntsimbi ngaphakathi kwityhubhu ungaphantsi komthamo webhalbhu. Isixhobo sasiphawulwe ngamanani abonisa ubushushu kuxhomekeke ekubeni ilinganisa yiphi. Esi sinyithi kuthethwa ngaso sasiqeshwe kuba tKulula ukutshintsha ivolumu yayo kancinci kuxhomekeke kubushushu.
Esi sixhobo siphawule ngaphambi nasemva kwexesha lesayensi. I-Thermology, eyinzululwazi efunda ubushushu, inokwenza inkqubela phambili enkulu malunga noku. Kucatshangelwa kule mini njengenye yezona zinto zilungileyo, nangona i-mercury thermometers ayisasetyenziswa. Uluhlu lwamaqondo obushushu olunokuhlala kuwo lwalukhulu kakhulu. Olu luhlu lwamaqondo obushushu lunokwandiswa ngokufundiswa kwenitrogen okanye nayiphi na igesi engena ngaphakathi. Xa oku kwenziwe, ibangele ukonyuka koxinzelelo kwi-mercury engamanzi kwaye yonyusa indawo yokubilisa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-thermometer ye-mercury
Ngoku siza kuhlalutya ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngaphandle kokuthatha ubushushu bomzimba xa kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho umkhuhlane okanye ukungonwabi. Zazisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kusekho amakhaya anayo kumnyango wangaphambili ukulinganisa ubushushu obumiyo. Kwiindawo ezininzi ezinjengezibhedlele kunye neeklinikhi zezigulana ezingalaliswayo, yayisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubushushu bezigulana.
Ezinye iindawo zinokuba ziibhanki zegazi, ii-oveni, izifukamisi okanye ulingo lweekhemikhali. Kwelinye icala, kwishishini ithemometha ikwasetyenziswa kwizixhobo zombane, ukwazi imeko yemibhobho, kwifriji kunye nezixhobo zokufudumeza, iibhiya, izinto zokulondoloza ukutya, iinqanawa, iindawo zokugcina iimpahla, iivenkile zokubhaka, njl.
Kuzo zonke iindawo, kubalulekile ukwazi ixabiso lobushushu ukuze ukwazi ukuvelisa iimveliso okanye uqinisekise iipateni ezithile ezisebenzayo. Umzekelo, Kuya kufuneka ubazi ubushushu apho amanzi agqitha kumbhobho kwishishini ukuze wazi ukuba kufuneka apholiswe. Ngaphandle koko, kunokubakho iingxaki ezinzulu. Okufanayo kwindawo yokubhaka. Kuya kufuneka ulazi ixabiso lobushushu apho isonka sinokwenziwa ngokugqibeleleyo.
I-Mercury yinto yendalo ekhemistry efanekiselwa ngu-Hg. Inombolo ye-athomu ngama-80. Ngaphakathi kwiidipozithi zamalahle zifumaneka kwilitye elisemhlabeni njenge-mercury sulfide. Le khompawundi ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-cinnabar.
Imercury ibifunwa kakhulu iminyaka, kuba ibiluncedo kakhulu kwizixhobo zemeteorological ezinje nge barometers, izilinganisi zoxinzelelo kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinje ngokutshintsha, izibane kunye nezinye izixhobo. Esi sinyithi sasisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-amalgams yamazinyo.
Kutshanje, uphononongo oluninzi luqinisekisile ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesi sinyithi bekungakhuselekanga kubemi, ke kuye kwarhoxa kancinci kancinci kwaye iithemometha ezithengiswayo ngoku zii-gallium.
Iingozi kunye nobungozi
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iingozi ezibandakanywa yile thermometer. Kwi-European Union, kuye kwasekwa ukuba nasiphi na isixhobo esineemekyuri asinakuphinda sithengiswe. Kungenxa yokuba inomngcipheko omkhulu kwimpilo nakwimeko yokusingqongileyo, ekwazi ukungcolisa amanzi, imihlaba kunye nezilwanyana. EMntla Melika iye yasetyenziswa nakwezinye iindawo.
Umngcipheko we-mercury ulele kumphunga. Ngumphunga onetyhefu onokuphefumlelwa xa kuphuka ithemometha. Kwakhona, xa i-mercury ichithekile kufuneka iqokelelwe kwangoko ngaphambi kokuba kubekho ezinye iziphumo ezibi.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukuba ithemometha oyisebenzisayo iqulethe imekyuri, kufuneka uyiqwalasele. Ukuba ulwelo olukulo alunasilivere, isenokuba lutywala okanye olunye ulwelo olungenayo ityhefu kwaye ayibonisi nayiphi na ingxaki yezempilo okanye umngcipheko. Enye into kukuba kwileyibhile yemveliso ithi "mercury free". Ngokomthetho, uya kuqiniseka ukuba ayinasimahla ngemekyuri. Kwelinye icala, inokuba ulwelo luyisilivere kwaye akukho mbhalo ungathethi nto ungenayo i-mercury. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokwenzeka ukuba ibe yimekyuri.
Into yokuqala abantu abazibuza yona kukuba benze ntoni ukuba iglasi iyaqhekeka. Xa oku kusenzeka, awusoze usebenzise isicoci okanye isicoci esicocekileyo ukucoca. Akufuneki uyenze ngezandla zakho okanye ugungxule ulwelo kwindlu yangasese okanye usinki. Ngaphandle koko, ungangcolisa amawaka eelitha zamanzi ngokungeyomfuneko. Yinto engcolisayo kakhulu enokwenza umonakalo omkhulu kwixabiso elincinci. Ukungqinelana kwesi sixhobo kuthetha ukuba xa iwela emhlabeni yahlulahlula ibe ngamaconsi amancinci yanda macala omabini.
Xa ithemometha ilahliwe kwaye ulwelo luphuma, kungcono ukugcina abantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya kude nendawo kwaye uvule ifestile okanye iingcango ukuze ungene umoya endlwini. Ukuba sikwindawo ethe tyaba kwaye egudileyo kuya kuba lula ukuyicoca. Kuya kufuneka usebenzise ilaphu, iiglavu kunye nemaski ukuyicoca. Ungakulibali ukujonga onke amathontsi e-mercury emhlabeni, kuba kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba ushiya amathontsi ambalwa uchukumise okanye uphefumle irhasi enetyhefu kunokubangela ityhefu, ukonakala kwengqondo, iingxaki zokwetyisa kunye neengxaki zezintso.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngezi ngcebiso ungafunda ngakumbi malunga ne-mercury thermometer kwaye ulumke ukuba usasebenzisa enye.
Ke, ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-amalgam yokubuyiselwa kwamazinyo kusavunyelwe, kuyaphikisana, ukuba ungcoliseko oluninzi kune-mercury egqithisileyo emlonyeni!