I-Storm Gloria yabamba ingqalelo kumajelo eendaba ngenxa yeziphumo zayo ezintle kuLwandle lweMeditera. Iingxelo zibalaselisa ukubonakala kwamaza amakhulu kwimimandla efana neValencia kunye neZiqithi zaseBalearic, zikhankanya ukuphakama kwamaza "8,44 yeemitha" kunye "ne-14,2 yeemitha." Nangona la manani esasazwe ngokubanzi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba awayimeli ngokuchanekileyo into yokwenene, ekubeni ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ubude bamaza kungumsebenzi onzima ngakumbi kunokuba kubonakala. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba ukuphakama kwamaza kulinganiswa njani.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela indlela ubude bamaza bulinganiswa ngayo kunye nendlela eyenziwe ngayo.
Akhiwe njani amaza
Amaza aveliswa ikakhulu sisenzo somoya kumphezulu wolwandle. Xa umoya uvuthuza phezu kwamanzi, udibana neemolekyuli eziphezu komhlaba, ukudala ukunwebeka kunye nokwenza amaza. Ngaphandle koko, ukuhamba kwesiphithiphithi somoya kuvelisa inguqu kwisantya somoya, ukudala imimandla yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye noluphantsi oluphakamisa okanye lucinezele umphezulu wamanzi, ngokulandelanayo. Le ntshukumo iphumela ekubunjweni kwamaza athi, xa ekhulisiwe, athathe i-sinusoidal shape eyahlukileyo kunye ne-crests kunye neentlambo.
Indlela yokulinganisa ukuphakama kwamaza
Ukulinganisa ukuphakama kwamaza kubandakanya ukubala umgama othe nkqo phakathi kwecrest (eyona ndawo iphakamileyo) kunye nomkhombe (eyona ndawo isezantsi). Ukwenza oku, kusetyenziswa ii-buoys ezidada elwandle kwaye zirekhode ukufuduka kwazo ngokuthe nkqo njengoko amaza edlula ngaphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ukubonakaliswa okubonakalayo kwale datha kuyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yobuninzi bamaza Zivela kumacala ahlukeneyo, zinxibelelana kwaye zithungelana.
Kwilizwe elifanelekileyo, idatha ye-buoy iyakwenza i-sine curves ecocekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, eneneni, idatha ibonakala iphazamisekile ngenxa yokuxinana kwamaza amaninzi. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuchonga iliza ngalinye phakathi kwabaninzi abachongiweyo. Ngoko ke, Xa i-buoy irekhoda intshukumo ebonakalayo ethe nkqo, ayibonisi ubukho bomaza amakhulu., kodwa indibaniselwano yamaza amancinci aliqela.
Ngenxa yobunzima bokuchonga amaza ngamanye ukusuka kwidatha ye-buoy, uhlalutyo lwamanani lusetyenziselwa ukufumana ukumelwa okuchanekileyo kweemeko zolwandle kwixesha elithile. Enye yeeparitha eziphambili ezivela kolu hlalutyo kukuphakama okubalulekileyo (H1 / 3), emele ukuphakama okuphakathi kwe-33% yamaza amakhulu arekhodiweyo ngexesha elithile. Le parameter ibonelela ngoqikelelo lokuqina kwamaza, iluncedo koomatiloshe kunye neengcali zemozulu.
Ukutolikwa kobude obubalulekileyo
Kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ukuba ukuphakama okubalulekileyo akubhekiseli kumaza athile, kodwa kwixabiso eliphakathi. Umzekelo, ukuba ubude obubalulekileyo buzimitha ezili-10, oku kuthetha ukuba I-33% yamaza amakhulu afikelele kulo mphakamo. Nangona amanye amaza anokuba phezulu okanye ngaphantsi, uhlalutyo lwamanani lubonisa ukuba amaza amaninzi amakhulu ayesondele kulo mlinganiso. Ukongezelela, nangona kunqabile, amaza aphezulu kakhulu kunexabiso le-H1 / 3 lingenzeka. Ngokubanzi, amaza amakhulu anokuba phakathi kwe-1,3 kunye ne-1,9 amaxesha amakhulu kunobude obubalulekileyo.
Ukunciphisa "Record Waves"
Iingxelo zakutshanje zamaza e-8,44 kunye ne-14,2 yeemitha e-Valencia kunye ne-Balearic Islands ziye zavelisa umdla omkhulu. Nangona kunjalo, Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba la manani awabonisi ukuphakama kwamaza amakhulu. Ngokwenyani, imilinganiselo ye-8,44 yeemitha eValencia ibhekisa kwiparamitha yobude obubalulekileyo, ebonisa irekhodi lommandla kodwa hayi ukuphakama kwamaza. Eli xabiso libonisa ukuba i-wave ukuya kwi-16 yeemitha inokwenzeka ngexesha lokulinganisa, nangona oku kungenakuqinisekiswa ngokuqinisekileyo kwaye kufuneka kuthathwe njengoqikelelo lwamanani.
Umtsalane "ngamaza erekhodi" uhlala usekelwe ekungaqondini malunga nendlela ukuphakama kwamaza alinganiswa kwaye kuxelwe ngayo. Ngelixa amanani akhutshiweyo anokubonakala enomtsalane, Kubalulekile ukuzibeka kwimeko phakathi kwesakhelo sohlalutyo lwamanani kunye nobunzima bokulinganisa amaza elwandle. I-Buoys kunye nohlalutyo lokuphakama okubalulekileyo kusinika umfanekiso ochanekileyo ngakumbi weemeko zolwandle, nangona zihlala zinedosi yokulumkisa kunye nokuqonda imida ehambelana nezi ndlela. Ekugqibeleni, ngokuqonda ngcono indlela amaza enziwa ngayo kwaye alinganiswe ngayo, sinokuqonda ngcono iintshukumo zolwandle kunye nobukhulu bezinto zendalo ezifana neStorm Gloria.
Iindidi zamaza
Ezi zezona ntlobo zaziwa kakhulu zamaza ezikhoyo:
- Amaza omoya: Amaza omoya ngawona axhaphakileyo kwaye aveliswa yintshukumo ethe ngqo yomoya phezu kwamanzi. Ziyakwazi ukuhluka kakhulu ngobukhulu, ukusuka kumaza amancinci ukuya kumaza amakhulu. Ubude nobude bala maza buxhomekeke kwisantya somoya, ixesha lokuvuthuza kwawo, kunye nomgama ovuthuze kuwo umoya, owaziwa ngokuba yifetch.
- Amaza adumbileyo: Amaza ngamaza amakhulu exesha elide aveliswa ngumtsalane womxhuzulane weLanga neNyanga eMhlabeni. Ngokungafaniyo namaza omoya, amaza awabangelwa ngumoya kwaye anemijikelo eqhelekileyo, ephembelela unxweme ngokunyuka nokuhla kwawo ngamaxesha athile.
- Ukusefa: Ukukhukhumala kubhekiselele kumaza athe ahamba ngaphandle kwendawo abeveliswe kuyo ngumoya. La maza adla ngokuba nobude obude kwaye ahamba ngokwamaqela alungelelanisiweyo. Abachatshazelwa kangako ngumoya wengingqi kwaye banokuhamba imigama emide ukunqumla ulwandle.
- Amaza esitshi: Amaza esiqhwithi aveliswa ngexesha lemozulu embi kakhulu, njengezaqhwithi okanye iinkanyamba. La maza athanda ukuba makhulu kwaye ambhodlo ngakumbi kunamaza omoya aqhelekileyo ngenxa yemimoya ebhudla ngamandla kunye noxinzelelo olukhulu lomoya olunxulunyaniswa nezaqhwithi.
- Iitsunami: Iitsunami ngamaza anobude obukhulu kunye namandla aveliswa ikakhulu ziinyikima zangaphantsi kwamanzi, nangona zinokubangelwa kugqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo, ukudilika komhlaba okanye iimpembelelo zemeteorite. Ngokungafaniyo namaza aveliswa ngumoya, iitsunami zinamaza amaza amade kakhulu kwaye zinokuhamba ngesantya esingama-800 km/h kumanzi anzulu. Njengoko itsunami isondela elunxwemeni, isantya sayo siyehla kwaye ukuphakama kwayo kunyuke kakhulu, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwamaza atshabalalisayo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela amaza alinganiswa ngayo.