Umnyele esihlala kuwo ubizwa ngokuba Indlela yobisi. Ngokuqinisekileyo ubusele uyayazi loo nto. Kodwa wazi kangakanani ngale galaxy esihlala kuyo? Kukho izigidi zeempawu, ukuthanda ukwazi kunye neekona ezenza iMilky Way ibe ngumnyele okhethekileyo. Likhaya lethu lasezulwini emva kwayo yonke loo nto, njengoko kulapho i ISistema Solar Kwaye zonke iiplanethi siyazazi Umnyele esihlala kuwo uzele ziinkwenkwezi, nebulae, amandla kunye into emnyama. Nangona kunjalo, zininzi izinto ezihlala ziyimfihlakalo kwanezazinzulu.
Siza kukuxelela izinto ezininzi malunga neMilky Way, ukusuka kwiimpawu zayo ukuya ekuthandeni ukwazi kunye neemfihlakalo.
Iprofayile yeMilky Way
Imalunga nomnyele owenza ikhaya lethu kwindalo iphela. I-morphology yayo ifana nokuhamba kunye neengalo ezi-4 eziphambili kwidiski yayo. Yenziwe ngamabhiliyoni eenkwenkwezi zazo zonke iintlobo kunye nobukhulu. Enye yezo nkwenkwezi liLanga. Ngombulelo kwiLanga ukuba sikhona kwaye ubomi benziwe njengoko sibazi.
Iziko lomnyele likumgama weminyaka engama-26.000 yokukhanya ukusuka kwiplanethi yethu. Ayaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kunokubakho ngaphezulu, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuba ubuncinci umngxunya omnye obekwe kumbindi weMilky Way. Umngxunya omnyama uba liziko lomnyele wethu kwaye ubizwa ngokuba yiSagittarius A.
Umnyele wethu waqalisa ukubakho malunga ne-13.000 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo kwaye iyinxalenye yeqela leminyele engama-50 eyaziwa njengeQela laseKhaya. Umnyele wethu ongummelwane, obizwa ngokuba yiAndromeda, nawo uyinxalenye yeli qela leminyele emincinci, ekwaquka ne-Magellanic Clouds. Kuselucalulo olwenziwe ngumntu. Uhlobo oluthi, ukuba uhlalutya umxholo wendalo iphela kunye nolwandiso lwayo, ayonto.
Iqela laseKhaya elikhankanywe apha ngasentla ngokwalo liyinxalenye yendibano enkulu kakhulu yeminyele. Ibizwa ngokuba yiVirgo supercluster. Igama lomnyele wethu ubizwa ngegama lokukhanya esinokulibona ngeenkwenkwezi kunye namafu egesi ahamba ngaphezulu kwesibhakabhaka esijikeleze uMhlaba. Nangona uMhlaba ungaphakathi kwe-Milky Way, asinakho ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo ubunjani bomnyele njengoko ezinye iinkqubo zangaphandle zeenkwenkwezi zinako.
Ubukhulu becala umnyele ufihlwe ngothuli oluninzi oluphakathi kweenkwenkwezi. Olu thuli aluvumeli iiteleskopu ezibonakalayo ukuba zijolise kakuhle kwaye zifumanise ukuba kukho ntoni. Singaluchaza ulwakhiwo sisebenzisa iiteleskopu ezinamaza erediyo okanye infrared. Nangona kunjalo, asinakukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba yintoni kwingingqi apho kufumaneka khona uthuli lweenkwenkwezi. Sinokubona kuphela iifom zemitha yokungena ngaphakathi emnyama.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Siza kuhlalutya kancinci ezona mpawu ziphambili zeMilky Way. Into yokuqala esiza kuyihlalutya bubungakanani. Yenziwe njengomoya ovaliweyo kwaye enobubanzi beminyaka yokukhanya eyi-100.000-180.000. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, umgama oya embindini wegalaksi umalunga neminyaka engama-26.000 yokukhanya. Lo mgama yinto abantu abangasokuze bakwazi ukuyihamba kunye nobomi bobomi kunye netekhnoloji esinayo namhlanje. Ubudala bokwakheka buqikelelwa kwi-13.600 yezigidigidi zeminyaka, malunga ne-400 yezigidi zeminyaka emva kwe Isandi esikhulu.
Inani leenkwenkwezi lo mnyele kunzima ukulibala. Asinakubala nganye nganye sibala zonke iinkwenkwezi ezikhoyo, kuba ayiloncedo kangako ukwazi ngokuchanekileyo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kukho iinkwenkwezi ezingama-400.000 ezigidi eMilky Way kuphela. Esinye sezinto ezibangela umdla lo mnyele kukuba uphantse wacaba. Abantu abathi uMhlaba uthe tyaba baya kuba neqhayiya ngokuba kunjalo. Kwaye kukuba umnyele ungamawaka ali-100.000 1.000 okukhanya kodwa uneminyaka eli-XNUMX XNUMX yokukhanya.
Ingathi yidiski ethe tyaba kwaye ijijekile apho iiplanethi zingene kwiingalo ezigobileyo zerhasi nothuli. Into enjalo yinkqubo yelanga, Iqela leeplanethi nothuli kunye neLanga embindini i-26.000 yeminyaka yokukhanya ukusuka kwiziko elixakekileyo lomnyele.
Ngubani ofumene iMilky Way?
Kunzima ukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ngubani ofumene iMilky Way. Kuyaziwa oko UGalileo Galilei waba ngowokuqala ukuqonda ubukho bebhendi yokukhanya kumnyele wethu njengeenkwenkwezi ezizodwa ngonyaka we-1610. Olu yayiluvavanyo lokuqala olwaqala xa isazi ngeenkwenkwezi salatha isibonakude saso sokuqala esibhakabhakeni kwaye sabona ukuba umnyele wethu ubunjwe ziinkwenkwezi ezingenakubalwa.
Kwangoko ngo-1920, UEdwin hubble Nguye owanikezela ubungqina obaneleyo bokwazi ukuba i-nebulae ejikelezayo esibhakabhakeni yayiyiminyele yonke. Le nyaniso incede kakhulu ekuqondeni ubume bokwenyani kunye nokumila kweMilky Way. Oku kuncede ekufumaneni ubungakanani bokwenene kunye nokwazi ubungakanani bendalo yonke esibhaptizwe kuyo.
Asiqinisekanga ngokupheleleyo ukuba zingaphi iinkwenkwezi iMilky Way inayo, kodwa akubalulekanga kangako ukuyazi. Ukuzibala ngumsebenzi ongenakwenzeka. Izazi zeenkwenkwezi zizama ukufumana eyona ndlela yokwenza. Nangona kunjalo, iiteleskopu zinokubona inkwenkwezi enye ngokuqaqamba kunezinye. Uninzi lweenkwenkwezi zifihlwe emva kwamafu egesi nothuli esikhankanye ngaphambili.
Enye yeendlela abazisebenzisayo ukuqikelela inani leenkwenkwezi kukujonga ukuba zihamba ngokukhawuleza kangakanani iinkwenkwezi kumnyele. Oku kubonakalisa ukutsala ubunzima kunye nobunzima. Ukwahlula ubunzima bomthala ngobukhulu obuqhelekileyo beenkwenkwezi, siya kuba nempendulo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi ngeMilky Way kunye neenkcukacha zayo.