Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesimo sezulu esingaqhelekanga esaziwa njenge Indawo enyukayo. Abantu abaninzi bayiphatha ngokungathi yinto ebangela ukuba ipali yomantla iqhubele phambili emazantsi. Oko kukuthi, into eyenzayo kukuba amaqondo obushushu kuyo yonke indawo yenyakatho ye-hemisphere, ngaphandle kwepali.
Kule nqaku siza kuchaza ukuba yintoni i-polar vortex kunye neziphumo zayo kwimozulu ye-hemisphere esemantla.
Yintoni vortex polar
Xa sithetha nge-polar vortex sithetha indawo enkulu yoxinzelelo olusezantsi olusondela kufutshane nezibonda zomhlaba. Ngokwesiqhelo, le vortex ye-polar ixhaphake kakhulu kwipali esemantla. Indawo ephantsi yoxinzelelo iqulethe umoya obandayo obandayo owenza ukuba amaqondo obushushu ehle kakhulu. Ibizwa ngokuba zii-vortices kuba ibhekisa kukujikeleza kwalo moya ujikeleza ngasekunene kwaye uvumela umoya obandayo ukuba uhlale ixesha elide kufutshane neepali. I-polar vortex ibuthathaka ehlotyeni kwaye iyaqina ebusika.
Ngamanye amaxesha ebusika basenyakatho le vortex ibangela umoya obandayo ukuba uhambele phambili emazantsi kunye nomjelo wejet. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo ebusika kwaye kunxulunyaniswa namaza abanda kakhulu avela eArctic eMelika. Olona lwandiso lwakutshanje nolona lubandayo lwenzeka ngoJanuwari 2014.
Le meko yemozulu ihlala ididekile zezinye ebezisoloko zikho. Eli gama lisandula ukuthandwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwazo ziimeteorologists. Ezi nzululwazi zivavanya i-vortex ye-polar ngokuhlalutya iimeko ezenzeka kumashumi amawaka eenyawo emoyeni. Nangona kunjalo, xa amaqondo obushushu anxulumene neli qondo lemozulu, eminye imimandla yomhlaba ichaphazeleka kakhulu. Le nto ayiphelelanga nje eUnited States, ikwenzeka nakwezinye iindawo zaseYurophu naseAsia. Ekuphela kwengozi enokuthi ibonakalise le meko ebantwini bubungakanani obwehla ngamaqondo obushushu, kuthumela umoya obandayo osasazeka kwiindawo ezisemazantsi ezingadli ngokubanda.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Njengoko inokuchaphazela imimandla engaqhelekanga ukubanda, kuqhelekile ukuba iimpembelelo ezithile zenzeke ebantwini nakwizityalo nakwizilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo, musa ukothuka xa usiva ulwazi malunga ne-polar vortex. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulungiselela ukumelana namaqondo obushushu asezantsi kunesiqhelo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge izinto esinazo zoncedo olungxamisekileyo emakhayeni nasezimotweni ukuze zikwazi ukuziqhelanisa nexesha lasebusika kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba ungazilungiselela ubungozi obugcinwa ziinkqwithela zasebusika.
Esinye sezona ziphumo ziphambili zale meko yemozulu kukuba iMidwest yaseMerika ibanda. Ukuziva ubushushu kwezinye iidolophu kufikelela kwi -50 degrees. Nangona kunjalo, amaqondo obushushu aphakathi -20 kunye -30 degrees. Elinye luvavanyo lobushushu olubangelwa ngumoya we-polar. Ukunciphisa iziphumo zale nto, iidolophu ezininzi zivula iindawo ezifanelekileyo zokuhlala abantu abangakwaziyo ukuzikhusela kwingqele kwaye uninzi lwezikolo ziyavalwa. Ungasathethi ke ngeenqwelo moya ezirhoxisa iindiza ukunqanda iziphumo ezibi kunye neengozi ezinokubakho.
Iziphumo ze-polar vortex
Kwaye yile vortex ye-polar evelisa indawo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi ijikelezwe yibhanti yomoya ojikeleza kwicala lasentshona ujikeleze ngasekhohlo. Ngale ndlela, inokugcinwa kufutshane nezibonda ixesha elide kwaye ihlale ibanda emoyeni. Ingxaki yokwenyani ivela xa ukuhamba kuncitshiswa kukufudumala ngesiquphe kwe-stratosphere. Olu shushu lwe stratosphere lwenza ukuba umoya obandayo wande ukusuka kwiipali ukuya emazantsi. Oku okanye kunesiphumo sendawo ezingasetyenziselwa ukubanda kwe-polar. Zombini iintyatyambo, izilwanyana kunye nomntu kufuneka ziqhelane nala maqondo obushushu ngexesha apho i-polar vortex igubungela.
Ngenxa yoko, xa i-stratosphere ifudumala ngequbuliso, i-polar vortex iya isiba buthathaka kwaye ithumele umoya osemazantsi osemazantsi, ichaphazele iindawo ezininzi zase-United States kunye nomjelo wejet. Le nto ayonto intsha, kodwa eli nqaku lapapashwa okokuqala ngo-1853. Ikwayanyaniswa namanye amaza abandayo aseMntla Melika Ibhaliswe ngoJanuwari 2014, okanye leyo ye-1977, 1982, 1985 kunye ne-1989.
Kunye nobushushu obuphantsi kunye namaqondo aphantsi, iqabaka lobukhulu obukhulu liyenzeka. La maqabaka enza ubomi bube nzima kubantu abangaqhelananga nengqele. Ezinye zeziphumo zendlela yokuphila ezidolophini kukuba iindlela kufuneka zinqunyulwe ngenxa yekhephu eliqengqelezi kwaye ezinye iindlela zonxibelelwano ziyaqhawulwa. Kukwakho nokucinywa kombane kwiindawo ezininzi ezixekweni.
Iinqwenela ze-polar vortex
- Eli gama lalisaziwa ebusika ngo-2014 ngenxa yobushushu besitalato esachaphazela uMntla Merika.
- Phantse minyaka le ukuba le nto yenzekile, irediyasi ene-stratospheric zimalunga neekhilomitha ezili-1.000 XNUMX.
- Ukulinganisa indawo kunye nokuma kwe-vortex ye-polar, kufuneka amanyathelo amaninzi kwi Ubume beatmosfera.
- I-tropospheric polar vortices ikwakhona kwaye ibuthathaka ehlotyeni kwaye yomelele ebusika.
- Ukuba le nto ibuthathaka, izitshingitshane ezingaphaya kokuma komhlaba ezihlala zinyuka zisiya ngasemantla zingqubane kwaye zazincinci i-vortices ngaphakathi kwemisinga ye-polar. Ezi vortices zincinci zihlala zihlala inyanga.
- Ukuqhuma kweentaba-mlilo ezenzeka kwiindawo ezitshisayo kunokubangela ukuba i-polar vortex yomeleze ubusika obuninzi.
Njengoko ubona, le meko yezulu sele idumile kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba bazi iimpembelelo zayo ukuthintela iziphumo zayo.