Umhlaba une Imagnethi yomhlaba enkosi apho sisaphila. Le ntsimi yemagneti isuka ngaphakathi kwiplanethi iye ngaphandle kwaye isithuba apho idibana nomoya welanga. Ikwaziwa kananjalo ngegama lendawo ye-geomagnetic kwaye inikwa lixabiso lesinyithi esifunyenwe kwinucleus, eyokugqibela Umaleko woMhlaba.
Kule nqaku siza kubona ukubaluleka komhlaba we-magnetic field, imvelaphi yayo, ukusebenza kunye nento eyenzekayo nayo ngoku.
Yintoni
Kufana nokuba luhlobo lomazibuthe esinalo ngaphakathi kwiplanethi yethu. Indawo yemagnethi yenziwa luhlobo lwemisinga yombane ebangelwa koko kubizwa ngokuba yimithambo ye-convection ekhoyo kumbindi woMhlaba. Le mibane yombane yenzeka kuba kwi-nucleus kukho isixa esikhulu sesinyithi esifana ne-iron kunye ne-nickel. Inkqubo eyenziwa ngayo imijikelezo ye-convection ibizwa ngokuba yi-geodynamic.
Inzululwazi kudala ifunda le ntsimi yomhlaba apha emhlabeni. Undoqo woMhlaba umalunga nesibini kwisithathu sobukhulu benyanga. Imalunga nama-5.700, XNUMX degrees celcius, ngoko ke intsimbi phantse ishushu njengobuso belanga ngokwalo Kuba kukho uxinzelelo olwenziwe ngamanye amacandelo oMhlaba, siyabona ukuba intsimbi ayingamanzi. Isiseko sangaphandle sesinye isangqa esingamawaka amabini eekhilomitha esenziwe ngentsimbi, i-nickel kunye nezinye izinyithi ezikwimeko yolwelo. Kungenxa yokuba uxinzelelo kumbindi wangaphandle lusezantsi, ukuze amaqondo obushushu aphezulu abangele ukuba izinyithi zinyibilike.
Umahluko kubushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nokwakheka ngaphakathi kumbindi wangaphandle zezona zinto zibangela ukuba kuthiwe yimisinga yokuhanjiswa kwesinyithi. Xa kubanda, into eshinyeneyo iyatshona, kufudumele, into encinci eshinyeneyo iqala ukunyuka. Kuyafana nakwimimandla yomoya esemoyeni. Kuya kufuneka siyibale loo nto, ukusebenza kwekorioli ngenxa yentshukumo ejikelezayo yomhlaba iyasebenza. Nje ngeziphumo, ii-eddies ziyenziwa ezixuba isinyithi.
Yenziwa njani
Ukuhamba okungamanzi kolwelo olwenziwe ngentsimbi kwisininzi sayo yeyona nto ivelisa imisinga yombane ethi yona ivelise imagnethi yomhlaba. Izinyithi ezihlawuliswe ngombane zidlula kula masimi omazibuthe kwaye ziyaqhubeka nokuzenzela imisinga yombane. Ngale ndlela, umjikelo uyaqhubeka. Umjikelo opheleleyo kunye nokuzimela ngokwaneleyo ubizwa ngokuba yi-geodynamic.
Amandla e-Coriolis abangela ukujikeleza okubangela ukuba uninzi lwee-magnetic field zilungelelanise kwicala elinye. Iziphumo ezidityanisiweyo zayo yonke le migca yamandla kazibuthe zenza imagnethi yomhlaba egubungele uMhlaba.
Xa sithetha ngobume boMhlaba okanye iatmosferi enento yokwenza nomhlaba wemagnethi yomhlaba, sithetha ngemagnetosphere. Yindawo yomoya engaphandle, ejikeleze iplanethi, kwaye elawulwa ngokupheleleyo yile ntsimi yomhlaba. Ubume bemagnetosphere bunikwa ngumoya welanga obetha umphezulu. Lo moya welanga ucinezela inxenye yemagnetosphere kwaye, ke ngoko, yandisa icala elichaseneyo. Olu lwandiso lukhulu luyaziwa ngokuba "ngumsila wemagnethi."
Umoya welanga ngumsebenzi wenkwenkwezi yethu enkulu, iLanga. Lo moya welanga ulayishwe ngemitha ethi, ukuba ingena kumoya wethu, kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano kwihlabathi jikelele. Iya kuba yintlekele kwixesha lobuchwepheshe esihlala kulo. I-GPS yayizakusilela, kwakungekho kugubungela umnxeba, amaza erediyo okanye umabonwakude, njl. Ke ngoko, enkosi kubukho bemagnetosphere sikhuselekile.
Iimpawu zomhlaba womazibuthe
Siza kuhlalutya iimpawu zalo mhlaba wamagnetic ukuba isayensi ifumene kwiminyaka edlulileyo kunye namawaka ezifundo malunga nayo.
- Ubukhulu bamandla ombane busezantsi kufutshane neikhweyitha kwaye kuphezulu ezipalini.
- Umda wangaphandle kukuphela kwemagnethi.
- Imagnethi yomhlaba isebenza ngendlela eguqukayo phantsi kwentshukumo yomoya welanga. Kuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kwayo, inokucinezelwa kwelinye icala ngakumbi kwaye yandiswe kwelinye, ekuthiwa ngumsila wemagnethi.
- Iipali zemagneti ezisemantla kunye nezantsi azifani neepali zejografi. Umzekelo, phakathi kweepali zemagnethi kunye nejografi emantla kukho iidigri ezili-11 zokutenxa.
- Ulwalathiso lwentsimi luyatshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye izazinzulu bezifunda ngotshintsho lwayo. Intshukumo inyuse i-40 yeemayile ngonyaka.
- Kukho iingxelo ezahlukeneyo zejoloji eziye zafundwa ngenxa yezimbiwa ezithile eziselwandle, ezitsho njalo Imagnethi yomhlaba ibuyiselwe umva ngokupheleleyo kumakhulu amaxesha kule minyaka ingama-500 yezigidi idlulileyo. Kule inversion, iipali ziya kuba kumacala ahlukeneyo kangangokuba ukuba besisebenzisa ikhampasi yesiqhelo, ibingayi kwalatha emantla, kodwa ibiya kujonga emazantsi.
Ukubaluleka kwendawo kazibuthe
Ukuze ubone ukubaluleka kwamandla kazibuthe, siza kuchaza ukuba yeyiphi imisebenzi eyenzayo kunye nokuba yeyiphi na ekujikelezeni umhlaba. Yiyo ekhusela thina kumonakalo onokubangelwa ngumoya welanga, njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili. Ngombulelo kule magnetosphere, sinokubona umoya welanga ngokusebenzisa izinto ezinomtsalane ezinje nge IAurora borealis.
Le ntsimi yemagneti ikwanoxanduva lokuba nathi sinomoya. I-atmosfera yeyona ikhusela kwimitha yelanga kunye negcina ubushushu obuhlala abantu. Ukuba akunjalo, amaqondo obushushu aya kuba phakathi kwe-123 degrees kunye -153 degrees. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona kuthiwe ngamawaka ezilwanyana, kubandakanya iintlobo ezinjengeentaka kunye neenqanawa, zisebenzisa umazibuthe ukuhamba kunye nokuziqhelanisa ngexesha lokufuduka kwazo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nomhlaba womazibuthe kunye nokubaluleka kwawo.