Elinye lawona makroza abalulekileyo kwizazi ngeenkwenkwezi yi Bhele elincinci. Ime kwi-hemisphere esemantla kwaye inokubonwa isuka eYurophu unyaka wonke. Eli qela lineenkwenkwezi ezininzi, eyona iphambili yiPolaris. Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kwizazi zeenkwenkwezi kuba ezinye izinto ezininzi zezulu zisebenzisa le nkwenkwezi ngokungathi yi-axis yokujikeleza. Ngapha koko, kwilivo lamaIndiya eVedas, iPolaris idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu njengenkokeli yeqela loothixo.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu, ukusebenza kunye nentsingiselo yeenkwenkwezi ze-Ursa Minor.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Ubume be-Ursa Minor iyafana naleyo ye- Bhele enkulu, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo, i-axis yayo ayithe tye, kodwa ijikile ngasemva. Eyona nkwenkwezi iphambili ngeli qela, iPolaris, igcina indawo emileyo esibhakabhakeni ebusuku. Ukuphakama kwesikhundla senkwenkwezi emantla kungqinelana nobubanzi bombonisi. Ikroza lenziwe ziinkwenkwezi ezisixhenxe ezimile njengemoto, ezine zazo zenza indawo enzulu yemoto kwaye ezinye ezintathu ziziphatho zemoto.
Eyona nto idumileyo ye-Ursa Minor yiNkanyezi yaseNyakatho, ebekwe ekwandisweni kwe-eksisi yoMhlaba, ke ihlala izinzile esibhakabhakeni kwaye yalatha kwisibonda somhlaba esingasentla. Abaqhubi beenqanawa bayisebenzisa njengeNkwenkwezi yaseNyakatho. Indawo ekubhekiswa kuyo kuhambo. Ngaphandle kweNkwenkwezi yaseNyakatho, I-Ursa Minor ayinazinto zomdla kwi-amateur astronomy. Ngenxa yendawo ekuyo, i-Ursa Minor inokubonwa kuphela kumantla e-hemisphere, kodwa ukubuya, kuloo hemisphere ibonwa unyaka wonke. Kunye neqabane layo i-Big Dipper, yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwisibhakabhaka esisemantla seikhweyitha.
Iintsomi ze-Ursa Minor
Kwintsomi yamaGrike, kukho iingcinga ezininzi malunga nemvelaphi ye-Ursa Minor. Omnye wakhe nguFénice, owaguqulwa Ibhere nguArtemis emva kokutsalwa nguZeus. Eli bali lifana kakhulu neCallisto. Yayifakwe kwi-Ursa Major, ke abanye ababhali bakholelwa kwelokuba kufuneka kubekho intlekele kwibali lokuqala elinabalinganiswa ababini abafanayo (uZeus ngewayephendulele uCallisto waba ngu-Ursa Major kwaye emva koko uArtemis wajika wayi-Ursa Minor).
UCallisto yintsomi entle kakhulu owathandana noZeus. Bobabini banonyana wabo uArcas. Umfazi kaZeus, uHera, wajika uCallisto waba libhere ngenxa yomona. Kwiminyaka emininzi kamva, uCallisto wadibana nonyana wakhe, owayengamazi njengemfuyo kwaye efuna ukumbulala. Ukumsindisa UZeus waguqula unyana wakhe waba libhere kwaye wababeka bonke esibhakabhakeni, kukhokelela kwi-Ursa Major nase-Ursa Minor.
Iinkwenkwezi eziphambili ze-Ursa Minor
Masishwankathele ukuba zeziphi iinkwenkwezi eziphambili ze-Ursa Minor:
- α I-Ursae Minoris (I-Polaris, i-Polar Star okanye i-North Star), eyona nkwenkwezi iqaqambe kakhulu kwi-constellation, i-supergiant etyheli kunye ne-Cepheid eyahlukileyo ngobukhulu be-1,97.
- β Ursae Minoris (I-Kochab), enobukhulu be-2,07, inkwenkwezi enkulu yeorenji eyayisetyenziswa njengeenkwenkwezi.
- γ Ursae Minoris (IPherkad), enobukhulu be-3,00, emhlophe kunye neenkwenkwezi eziguqukayo zohlobo lweDelta Scuti.
- δUrsae Minoris (Yildun okanye iPherkard), inkwenkwezi emhlophe enobukhulu obungu-4,35.
- ε Ursae Minoris, Ukuphelisa i-RS Canum Venaticorum ye-RS eyahlukileyo ngobukhulu be-4,21.
- ηUrsae Minoris (Anwar al Farkadain), umbala omhlophe otyheli omhlophe ngobukhulu be-4,95.
- ICalvera, igama elingacwangciswanga kwinto ekucingelwa ukuba yeyona nkwenkwezi ikufutshane eMhlabeni.
Ukubaluleka kwePole Star
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, iPolaris ibekwe kwikroza le-Ursa Minor. Eli liqela elinokubonakala ngokucacileyo esibhakabhakeni unyaka wonke. Sinokubona kuphela abo bahlala kumantla eikhweyitha. I-constellation yenziwe ngeenkwenkwezi ezi-7, kubandakanya iPole Star. Inokuchongwa ngokulula njengenkwenkwezi enkulu etyheli, ebonakala ngokuqaqamba kakhulu kwaye ingaphezulu kobukhulu belanga. Nangona oku kungabonakala kungachanekanga, yinkwenkwezi enkulu kunelanga. Nangona kunjalo, ikude lee kunendlela ebonakala ngayo, ngenxa yoko asinakuyibona ilingana nayo okanye siyivumele ukuba isikhanyise ngendlela ilanga elisebenza ngayo.
Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-radar kunye ne-GPS kunye neenkqubo zokuma kwendawo, i-Pole Star yayisetyenziswa njengesikhokelo sokuhamba. Oku kunokuba kungenxa yokuba kuyanceda ukuziqhelanisa nesibhakabhaka sendawo.
Indlela yokuchonga inkwenkwezi yePole
Yinkwenkwezi emiselweyo kwaye nangona ezinye iinkwenkwezi zibonakala zihamba esibhakabhakeni, azinjalo. Kulula ukuyichonga kuba i-static ngokupheleleyo. Kukufutshane ne-Big Dipper. Amakroza amabini ayafana kuba abunjwe ziinkwenkwezi ezisi-7 kwaye zimile okwemoto.
Yahlukile kwezinye iinkwenkwezi kuba yinkwenkwezi ehlala imile esibhakabhakeni. Ungazibona ezinye iinkwenkwezi zijikeleza ijikeleze umhlaba. Uhambo lweenkwenkwezi luhlala iiyure ezingama-24, njengeeplanethi kunye nelanga, ke ukuba sifuna ukwazi indawo yenkwenkwezi yepali ngexesha elithile, kufuneka siqwalasele i-Big Dipper. Oku kwenziwa kuba yinkqantosi elula ukuyibona kwaye, kufutshane nayo, yiPole Star.
Ukuba sifuna ukuyibona, kufuneka nje sizobe umgca wentelekelelo othatha njengendawo ekubhekiswa kuyo ezimbini zeenkwenkwezi kwi-constellation Ursa Major ebizwa ngokuba nguMerak noDhube. Ezi nkwenkwezi zimbini kulula ukuzibona esibhakabhakeni. Nje ukuba babonwe, kufuneka sizobe omnye umgca wentelekelelo kumgama ka-5 ophakathi kwaba babini ukufumana iPole Star.
Ukutyhubela imbali, le nkwenkwezi ibisetyenziswa njengesalathiso kumawakawaka oomatiloshe abawela ulwandle. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba kuphela ngabo bahamba ngenqanawa kumantla eIkhweyitha abayibonayo. Ndiyabulela kule nkwenkwezi, esebenze njengesikhokelo sabantu abaninzi, banokufikelela kwizikhundla zeedolophu kakuhle.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga neenkwenkwezi ze-Ursa Minor.