Shanduko yemamiriro ekunze ine mhedzisiro ine simba uye inoparadza yakachengeterwa zvizvarwa zvedu zvinotevera. Muchokwadi, yakawanda yemhedzisiro yayo iri kutoonekwa nhasi. Nekudaro, kuyedza kwepasirese kwekudzikisa gasi rinokanganisa kupisa hakukwanisi uye kunyungudika kwenzvimbo huru dze polar sezvo Arctic yave pedyo.
Ndeipi mhedzisiro yepasi rose yekunyungudika kweArctic?
Recent tembiricha zvinyorwa
Kubva 2014, apo yakakwira yepasirese tembiricha tembiricha yakanyorwa kubva payakayerwa, pave paine dzinenge zana hutachiona nemabhakitiriya eiyo genus vibrio. Gore rino 2014 rakakosheswa segore rinodziya kubvira tembiricha dzakanyorwa. Pakati pebhakitiriya rakatumidzwa, tinowana izvo zvinokonzera cholera kumahombekombe eSweden neFinland. Zvimwe zvezviitiko izvi zvakaitika anenge mamaira zana kubva kuArctic Circle. Nei mabhakitiriya aya achigona kukanganisa nzvimbo dziri pedyo neArctic?
Hutachiona hwerudzi vibrio
Mhedzisiro yeshanduko yemamiriro ekunze inokanganisa zvisikwa
Shanduko yemamiriro ekunze pamwe nemhedzisiro yayo yakaipa Ivo vari kukanganisa mashandiro uye huwandu hwemhando zhinji dzemiti nemhuka. Mhando dzakanyanya kushupika neshanduko idzi dzakabatana nenzvimbo dzinopisa uye dziri kutamira kuchamhembe nekuda kwekuwedzera kwetembiricha. Aya mabhakitiriya ejenasi vibrio Vanoda kupisa kwakanyanya kuti vararame mushe uye nekuda kwekukwira kwetembiricha pasi rese, vanogona wedzera nzvimbo yaro yekuparadzira uye urarame munzvimbo dzakakura dzekuchamhembe. Kuonekwa kwezvirwere uye utachiona ingori mimwe yemhedzisiro iyo kunyungudika kunokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kuchave nako.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti kudziya kwepasirese hakuna kufanana mumativi ese epasi. Kune matunhu epasi ayo, nekuda kwenzvimbo yadzo, anopisa kupfuura mamwe. Semuenzaniso, muArctic chiitiko chinonzi arctic kukwidziridzwa kune iyo iyo nyowani ipapo inotaurwa zvakanyanya kupfuura mune mamwe matunhu akaomeswa nechando. Izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa nenzira yakati rebei kana kushoma: Kubata mvura kunoderedza kugona kwenzvimbo kuratidza chiitiko chezuva nemwaranzi. Ndokureva, nyika albedo Iyo inoderera sezvo paine chando chidiki chekuratidzira radiation uye, nekudaro, huwandu hwekupisa hunofurwa nevhu hwakakura. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kuti pamusoro padziye zvakanyanya uye nekudyisa iyo nyowani, iyo inokonzeresa kuti hutachiona huwane nzvimbo idzi dzinogarwa nekupararira.
Utachiona hwakapararira
Kunyangwe aya mabhakitiriya asingakwanise kuonekwa, mabhakitiriya emumakungwa ndiwo chinhu chikuru chebiomass mumakungwa. Iyi yaimbove yakatumidzwa mhando dzehutachiona hweiyo genus vibrio ivo vane pathogenic. Imwe njodzi inokonzerwa nekunyungudika ndiko kunyungudika kwe permafrost kubva kumativi ekuchamhembe e Siberia, Canada neGreenland. Nenzira imwecheteyo sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, sezvo chando chese pasi chiri chinonyungudika, Iyo inobvumira iyi mhando yehutachiona hwehutachiona kupararira uye kukonzera hosha dzakakomba.
permafrost (pasi rakaoma)
Vatsvakurudzi veCSIC vakawana DNA kubva kumavhairasi kusvika zvino asingazivikanwe mumadziva eSvalbard muna Chikumi 2015. Mwedzi miviri gare gare kuwanikwa kwe hutachiona hune makore zviuru makumi matatu hwakabatirwa muchando cheSiberia. Ichi chingave chinetso chakakomba chehutano kutenderera pasirese nekuti mashandiro erudzi urwu ebhakitiriya uye nenyaya yekuti anogona kukonzera hosha nyowani muvanhu haina kunyatsonzwisiswa.
Iyo nyungudika inokanganisa uye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze
Shanduko yemamiriro ekunze inonyungudutsa chando cheArctic uye izvi zvinodyisa kudzoka pakushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Chirevo chakazara kubva kuUS Academies dzeSainzi pane zvakakanganiswa pasirese zve2015 Arctic thaw yakaratidza kuti kudzikisira albedo maitiro, kuburitsa methane nekabhoni yakavharirwa mufafafrost, kana kushandura kutenderera kwemakungwa kuchasimbisa kudziya kwepasirese. Uye izvo pamwe kuparadza chero chando chasara muArctic.