Rwizi rweG Ganges

rwizi ganges

Imwe yenzizi dzakakosha mukondinendi yeAsia uye pasirese ndiyo Rwizi rweGanges. Ndiyo imwe yenzizi dzinoonekwa dzinoyera kuHindu, ine nomwe yakazara. Iyo ine kuwedzera kweanopfuura 2.500 makiromita uye inotanga kuyerera kwayo muIndia uye inopera muBangladesh. Nechikonzero ichi, chinopihwa zita rezuva repasi rese.

Muchikamu chino tichaenda kukuudza zvese hunhu, kusvibiswa, maruva nemhuka zveRwizi Ganges.

Mhando huru

Ganges kusvibiswa kwerwizi

Kunyangwe paine kukosha kwayo munhoroondo, mutsika nemuraramo, rwizi rwuchiri rwakasviba zvakanyanya nekuti rwunogamuchira tsvina yakawanda yevanhu inozoyerera ichienda mugungwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive imwe yemanyuko makuru ekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki pagungwa.

Seindasitiri yekushanya yakakosha kune mari yeIndia, rwizi Ganges nderimwe renzvimbo dzinoonekwa nevatorwa. Bhasikoro kana imwe nzira yekufambisa kubva kwayakabva kusvika kudelta ndechimwe chezviitiko zvinowanzoitika zvinokwezva vashanyi.

Rwizi urwu, rwekutanga rwunonzi Rio Blanco, rwakarasikirwa neruvara nekuda kwekusvibisa ndokupa nzira kugirini yepasi parizvino Nzira yaro ingangoita makiromita mazana maviri nemazana mashanu pakureba, iine avhareji kuyerera kwemamita cubic 2.500 pasekondi, iyo inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemwaka. Nzvimbo iyi makiromita mazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemazana mapfumbamwe.

Rwizi rwenzizi rwunodyiswa nemitero mizhinji, inoratidzirwa nezvidimbu, uye kudzika kunofungidzirwa pakati pe16 kusvika 30 m Kunyangwe isiri rwizi rurefu pasi rose, rwuri rwizi rwakakosha muIndia uye 80% yenzizi dziri muIndia. Iyo yakakamurwa kuita diki uye hombe maoko munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenzira yayo, ichiumba network yakaoma yematanho, inomiririra kukwezva kunoonekwa, uye iri pamuromo wayo.

Parizvino yakasvibiswa kwazvo, kune huwandu hunofungidzirwa hune miriyoni imwe nemazana mashanu ecolifacter bhakitiriya pa1,5 ml, mazana mashanu ayo akakodzera kuchengetedzwa kwekugezera. Uye zvakare, ongororo yakaratidza kuti yakashambidza makirogiramu mazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu nemashanu emarara epurasitiki mugungwa. Rwizi rweGanges rwakashandiswa kupa vagari raramo yakachipa uye mvura yezuva nezuva kuburikidza nemigero nemaitiro ekudiridzira. Zvakare, kune madhamu munzira yekuendesa mvura kune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Kushatisa Rwizi rweGanges uye Njodzi

zvitunha zvakakandwa murwizi

Kunyangwe rwizi Ganges rwunoonekwa senzvimbo inoyera uye rwakakosha munhoroondo, hupfumi uye kukosha kwevashanyi, rwizi Ganges rwakasvibiswa zvakanyanya. Avo vanogeza mumvura yaro nemaune kana nekusaziva havazivi chokwadi ichi. Pakati pezvinhu zvinosvibisa zvakajairika zvatinogona kuwana murwizi urwu pane zvinotevera:

  • Kusakwanisa kwevanhu kurasa marara nemazvo
  • Mafekitori ari padhuze neaya anosvibisa imwe yemitero yayo mikuru, zvinosvibisa zvinoshambidzwa rwizi rwese.
  • Hydroelectric zvirimwa zvinorasa marara uye zvisirizvo zvisikwa.
  • Mhemberero uye mhemberero dzechitendero dzakateura mitumbi yakakandwa murwizi uye kuora kwavo kunoguma kwashatisa mvura.

Muma1980s, mumwe munhu akatanga chirongwa chekuchenesa Ganges, asi nekuda kwekusaziva uye kunyanyisa kwechitendero kwevanhu, hazvina kuita zvakanyanya. Muna 2014, dingindira rakasimudzirwa zvakare neimwe nzira ine simba, asi harina kupa mhedzisiro yakanaka.

Kusvibisa idambudziko rakakomba rinokanganisa nzizi, kuisa vanhu vanoishandisa uye zvisikwa zvinogara mumvura yavo panjodzi. Zvisinei, handicho chete chinhu chinotyisidzira Ganges, kushomeka kwemvura uye kucherwa zvisiri pamutemo kunozvityisidzira.

Pane imwe nguva, kudzika kwebheseni iri kwakasvika makumi matanhatu emamita, asi ikozvino yakadzikiswa kusvika pamamita gumi. Kuchera uye kuburitsa kwemvura yepasi pakaitwa kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, asi mhedzisiro yakaipa ichiripo.

Maruva nemhuka dzerwizi rweGanges

kusvibiswa kwerwizi rutsvene

Nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwekurima kweGanges bheseni rerwizi, dzinenge sango rayo rese rekutanga rakanyangarika. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti chete Robusta Shorea ndiyo yakwanisa kurwisa muchikamu chepamusoro uye iyo Bombax ceiba muchikamu chezasi. Kuvapo kwakasimba kwevanhu uye nemamiriro ekunze munzvimbo ino zvinodzivirira mimwe miti kubva mukukura. Zvisinei, munzvimbo yeGanges, zvinokwanisika kutsvaga dense mangrove reserve muSundarbans.

Zvinhu zvimwechetezvo, zvevanhu uye zvemamiriro ekunze, kuwedzera pakushatiswa kwemvura, zvine zvazvinoita mukuvapo kwemarudzi emhuka muGanges. Iwo chete materu eHimalaya neGata delta ane nzvimbo dzakadzikama dzisina nyonganiso dzakakonzerwa nevanhu.

Chikamu chepamusoro chebani imomo kune zvipembere zveIndia, nzou dzeAsia, ingwe dzeBangal, shumba dzeIndia, sloths, uye nyati. Parizvino zvinongoonekwa chete semhumhi yeIndia, gava dzvuku uye Bengal gava uye jackal yegoridhe.

Pakati peshiri pane mapaturu, machongwe, makunguo, nyeredzi uye dhadha dzinofamba munguva yechando. Mhuka dziri mungozi dzinosanganisira antelope ine nyanga ina, Indian bustard, kadiki bustard, uye dolphin yenyika yemhuka yemvura yeRwizi Ganges muIndia.

Mhuka dzenzvimbo yepasi hadzina kusiyana zvakanyanya kubva kumhuka dzepamusoro nzvimbo, kunyange hazvo mhando dzakadai sedzakakura Indian civet uye yakashata otter yakawedzerwa. Ingwe yeBengal ine nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa mumupata weGanges. Inofungidzirwa kuti kune mazana matatu nemazana matatu ehove mumvura dzayo.

Pakati pezvinokambaira, makarwe ndiwo akanyanya kuzivikanwa, akaita segarwe nemakarwe; uye kamba, dzakadai seye mitsara mitatu-hamba, Indian nhema tamba, hofori yeCantor turtle, Indian softshell turtle, nezvimwe.

Sezvauri kuona, imwe yenzizi dzinozivikanwa kwazvo pasirese yakasvibiswa zvachose uye iri kurasikirwa nemarudzi azvo. Kunyangwe kuburikidza netsika kana kusimukira kwehupfumi, vanhu vanokanganisa zvisikwa zvipenyu.

Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve rwizi Ganges nehunhu hwayo.


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  1. Inotarisira iyo data: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Chinangwa cheiyo data: Kudzora SPAM, manejimendi manejimendi.
  3. Legitimation: Kubvuma kwako
  4. Kutaurirana kwedata
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