San Andreas Mhosva, California
"Big One", ndiro zita iyo inoshandiswa zvisina kurongwa pakati pehurukuro dzevagari veCalifornia, Oregon neWashington. Zvakare kubva kudunhu reCanada dunhu reBritish Columba. Nerimwe hombe zvinoreva kudengenyeka kwenyika uko inotarisirwa kuitika muCascadia subduction zone. Icho chikepe chepasi pegungwa che1100km pakureba. Mukufanana, uye ino nguva muCalifornia, kune zvakare kukuru San Andrés kukanganisa ye1300km. Izvi zvinomhanya kuburikidza neHurumende yeCalifornia muUnited States uye Baja California kuMexico.
Masayendisiti anotarisira uye vanotarisira kuti chero zuva rinogona kuitika. Mamwe mapepanhau mumakore achangopfuura ichokwadi ave akatambudzwa nenhau nezve kudengenyeka kwenyika kuri kuuya. Ichokwadi ndechekuti haigone kutsanangurwa chaizvo pazvinogona kuitika, asi kubvumirana kuti zvichaitika zvakatove zvakakwana. Zvinotarisirwa kuti unogona kubva chero nzvimbo. Mhedzisiro yacho ingave ine njodzi.
Iyo yakakura sei iyo "Huru" MegaEarthquake ichave?
Zvinotarisirwa hukuru hwakaenzana kana kuti hunopfuura masere pachikero cheRichter. Kuti tinzwisise kukura kwekudengenyeka kwenyika, tinogona kukwevera kabhuku kepepanhau, uye nekuona kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakaitika panzvimbo dzakakwirira kwazvo. Tinofanira kudaro mienzaniso yakati wandei, mumwe wavo iwo wakarova Japan muna 2011. Kuiswa kwePacific Plate pasi peOkhotsk Plate kwakakonzera tsunami ye9,2 kuRichter, ine tsunami yakasvika kumahombekombe. Yakagara maminetsi matanhatu, yaive nehupamhi hwe6km, kukanganisa kukanganisa 29km kureba uye 500km yakafara, uye kusimuka kwakamira kwemamita makumi maviri. Gare gare yakazoteverwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika muJapan kwehukuru 200.
Tichifunga nezvehukuru hweSan Andrés mhosva kana iyo Cascadia subduction zone, zviri nyore kufunga kuti zviyero izvo kudengenyeka kwenyika mega senge kwakatsanangurwa nemasayendisiti kwave kure kure. Maererano nekuverenga kwakaitwa, iyo nzvimbo ye Cascadia, yaizogadzira tsunami yemaawa gumi nemaviri izvo zvaiuya zvichipfuura. Inosimudza huremu yakapetwa kaviri zvakapetwa pane iyo yakafambiswa neTsunami yeChile muna 2. Hukuru hwayo hwaive pakati pe2010 ne8,8.
Chiyero cheRichter
Kudengenyeka kweSan Francisco muna 1906. Ukuru pakati pe7,9 na8,6
Izvo zvakajairwa mhedzisiro yatinogona kuwana zvinoenderana nehukuru ndeiyo inotsanangurwa pazasi. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kufunga nezvezvimwe zvinhu. Mhedzisiro yavanowana pasi pano inoenderana kwete nehukuru chete, asiwo chinhambwe kubva kunzvimbo huru, kudzika, nzvimbo yekutarisisa uye mamiriro enzvimbo yegeological. Mune mamwe vanogona kukwidziridza simba rekudengenyeka kwenyika.
Ukuru 2,0 kana pasi: Micro. Migumisiro yaro haigoneki. Kune vanenge zviuru makumi masere pazuva.
Ukuru 2,0 kusvika 2,9: Zvishoma. Kazhinji hazvigone kuonekwa. Kune dzinenge chiuru zuva nezuva.
Ukuru 3,0 kusvika 3,9: Zvishoma. Kazhinji inoonekwa, asi kazhinji haina kukuvadza. Kune dzinenge makumi mana nezvina pagore.
Ukuru 4,0 kusvika 4,9: Chiedza. Ruzha-rwunogadzira uye chinhu kufamba, asi nekukuvara kudiki. Kutenderedza 6.200 pagore.
Ukuru 5 kusvika 5,9: Pakati nepakati. Rudzi rwekudengenyeka kwenyika urwu kunogona kukuvadza zvivakwa zvisina kusimba uye zvivakwa zvisina kuvakwa zvakanaka. Kune dzinenge mazana masere pagore.
Ukuru 6 kusvika 6,9: Wakasimba. Inogona kuparadza nzvimbo dzine vanhu kunyangwe kusvika mamaira zana kutenderedza. Pane idzi pane angangoita zana nemakumi maviri pagore.
Ukuru 7 kusvika 7,9: Yakakwirira. Kukuvadza kwavanogona kukonzera kwakanyanya kwazvo pamusoro penzvimbo hombe. Anenge gumi nemasere anogadzirwa gore rega.
Ukuru 8 kusvika 8,9: Huru. Pano isu tato taura nezve Mega Terremos kana Mega Seísmos. Nzvimbo dzekukuvadza mazana mazana emakiromita. Kune dzimwe nguva pakati pe1 ne3 pagore.
Ukuru 9 kusvika 9,9: Huru. Zvinoparadza munzvimbo dzemazana zviuru zvemakiromita. Kuwanda kwayo kuri 1 kana 2 makore makumi maviri.
Ukuru 10: Apocalyptic. Izvo hazvina kumbobvira zvanyorwa munhoroondo yedu uye hapana zvinyorwa.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura Hombe inotya
Vhiki rapfuura Kudengenyeka kwenyika kumaodzanyemba kweUS kwakakonzera Big One kutya. Paive nevatengesi vepamhepo vakatotaura kuti zvinogona kukonzera kuputika kwegomo reYellowstone. Vakuru vakanyoresa 11.000 mishumo yevakakanganiswa vanhu. Epicenter yeakakura 5 kudengenyeka kwenyika, pamwe nekumwe kudengenyeka kwe4, kwakaitika 9km kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweLincoln.
Kuziva iyo huru volcanic uye kudengenyeka kwenyika-kwakajairika nzvimbo iri California, pamberi peyaityiwa mweya weBig One, chero anomaly inoratidza kuti inogona kuitika nekukasira. Chinhu chete chinogona kutaurwa nezvazvo ndechekuti zvichaitika. Kuziva kuti ndechipi chimwe chinhu chiripo mundangariro dzemunhu wese.