Mune meteorology tinowana nzira dzepamberi dzinofamba nepamusoro uye dzinogona kuonekwa nekurapa mitsetse pamepu kuti tinzwisise zviri nani kufamba kwemhepo. Kazhinji, hazvinzwisiswi nyore nyore nevoruzhinji. Muchiitiko ichi, vanhu vazhinji havazivi kuti chii a polar trough uye zvazvaireva pamepu yemamiriro ekunze.
Nechikonzero ichi, tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kuti tikuudze kuti chidyiro chenhunzi chii, kuti inotangira sei uye kuti chii chayo.
Chii chinonzi chirongo chemazuva ose
Pane tsananguro dzakasiyana dzekuti chimwiro chii muzvinyorwa zvesainzi. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti inzvimbo yakarebesa yeyakaderera hama yekumanikidza pamusoro kana pamusoro pemhepo. Senguva dzose, iyo haina kubatanidzwa neyakavharwa loop, saka inoshandiswa kuisiyanisa kubva kune yakavharwa shoma. Kumberi kune kumashure. Iyi tsananguro yakanyanya kufanana neiyo pfungwa yemagetsi kana barometric chiteshi. Muzviitiko izvi, kuwana hushoma hwepamusoro kana yakakwirira barometric pressure apo contour yekuora mwoyo haisi pedyo zvakakwana kukwevera mupata.
Pamwe chete nechinwiro chechinyakare, pfungwa yedhishi rakapidiguka yakaonekwa. Muchiitiko ichi, iyo isobars haisi munzira imwechete seyakanyanya kuora mwoyo kupfuura yaizove yakajairwa. Kuora mwoyo kunogona kunzi kunowedzera kuchamhembe kubva kunzvimbo yakaderera.
Chii chinonzi polar trough
Iko kupindira kwemhepo inotonhora kubva kuArctic, saka inogara ichiunza tembiricha pasi. Nharaunda yemhepo ine simba rakaderera maererano nenharaunda iri pedyo pachiyero chimwechete. Inonzi dariro nekuti ine V-shaped, ine concave surface yakananga ku low pressure.
Inogadzirwa kana mhepo zhinji ichifamba mumhepo. Kana mhepo dzekumavirira dzichibva kuNorth Pole, latitude inenge yakadzikira uye mhepo inenge yakakwira. Inowanzo famba kubva kumadokero ichienda kumabvazuva uye inoperekedzwa nekuwanda kwemakore pamatanho ese. Muchidzidzo chemamiriro ekunze, kudonha kwetembiricha kunowanzo kusanganiswa nedutu kana kumberi.
Musiyano pakati pepolar trouse neDANA
Mugero apo huwandu hwemhepo inodziya, yakanyorova inosimuka pamwe nenzvimbo yakarebesa yekumanikidzwa kwakaderera iri pakati penzvimbo mbiri dzekumanikidza kwakanyanya (anticyclones), inoumbwa nemhepo inotonhorera, inorema zvikuru iyo inopindira mukati uye inogadzira kukura kwakanyanya kwemafuremu nemvura inovaperekedza. Nekudaro, inoreva kureba kwebarometric depression iri pakati pemaanticyclones maviri, kana kunyatsoita, matunhu maviri eanticyclonic ane maitiro akasiyana zvishoma.
DANA ichiitiko chemamiriro ekunze akadzika-pasi chinoparadzanisa uye chinofamba chakazvimiririra kubva pasi pemhepo yekumadokero. Madonhwe emvura inotonhora anogona kuramba akamira kwemazuva kana dzimwe nguva achienda kumadokero, kune rumwe rutivi rwekuyerera kuripo mumhepo.
mhepo nemadutu
Kusiyana nekuora mwoyo kana madutu, ayo ane denderedzwa zvishoma kana mashoma muzvisikwa, mhepo dzinogadzira madhiri hadzina kusimba nekuti simba radzo rinopera nekukurumidza sezvo mhepo zhinji dzinosimuka mukati medhishi pachayo. Zvakadaro, mafambiro emhepo idzi inyaya inodzidzwa zvishoma uye inowanzovhiringika, kunyange zvazvo vachinyanya kutsanangura nzira dzinobudisa mvura isina kujairika uye inoramba ichinaya mumugero.
Iyi inzira yakaoma uye yakaoma kutsanangura mumagariro enzvimbo, uye kuzivikanwa kwayo pamamepu emamiriro ekunze hakusi nyore nekuti, zvisinei nekurebesa kwegore kumberi kunoonekwa muaxis yemugero, inogona kusvika pakukura (zviuru zvemakiromita). ). , ma<em>anticyclone maviri akanga akatarisana nawo akaonekwa chete nekusavapo kwemakore uye kukura kwawo. Asi isu tinofanira kuyeuka kuti mhepo dzakatenderedza anticyclones dziri kudivi rakatarisana nemadutu, dzinotenderera newachi: nekuti isu tine maviri anticyclones senzvimbo dzekuita, anoburitsa mhepo, uye kusangana pakati pavo kuri mu "mupata", ichigadzira gwara, mhepo inotenderera newachi ichitenderedza gwara racho pacharo
Kunyatsotaura, zvimwiro zvemuchadenga zvakada kufanana nemadutu emuchadenga, zvirinani zvakarongeka. Misiyano inonyanyo zivikanwa iri muchimiro (denderedzwa kana chamupupuri, chakarebeswa muchiitiko chedhishi) uye saizi yayo: Hurricane Sandy, iyo huru pane yakanyorwa (1.800 makiromita muhupamhi) iyo inogona kusvika kureba kwe16.000 km kana kupfuura.
Asi kufanana mukutenderera kwechadenga kunogona kuonekwa mune izvi zviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze: mabhandi emvura muzviitiko zvose zviri zviviri anoratidza nzira imwe chete uye kukura, achitendeuka neawa nechekuchamhembe kwehemisphere uye clockwise kumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere.
Kunyanya, polar trough inowanzo famba kubva kumadokero kuenda kumabvazuva, uye inoperekedzwa neakasiyana mazinga evhavha yegore.
kusagadzikana kwemuchadenga
Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, madhiri anoiswa mepu sezvinhu zvine chekuita nazvo chimiro chekunaya kusiri kumberi mumwedzi inodziya, inoumbwa zvikurukuru ne convective foci ye diurnal evolution. Aya madhigirii ekufungidzira akadhirowewa pamepu yemamiriro ekunze anoitirwa kutsigira minda yemakore, kunyanya kufanotaura kana kuongororwa minda yekunaya, iyo inowanzo dudzirwa semitsetse yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kana kuderera nekuda kwekutenderera.
Icho chiripo ndechekuti dzimwe nguva mitsara iyi isina kugadzikana inotsigirwa neakanyanya simba ekupisa troughs uye cryogenic ridges, izvo zvese zvinogona kugadzira nzvimbo yakanaka ye convection. Mupfungwa iyi, madhiri anowanzo kudhonzwa kuseri kwemvura inonaya/gore mutsetse, iyo inobatanidza nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kune chokuita ne convection uye dutu.
Sezvauri kuona, meteorology inova yakawanda uye yakaoma makonzati anogona kutungamirira kune kuvapo kwezvimwe zviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze. Nechinyorwa ichi tinoda kupedza kusahadzika kwese pamusoro pekuvapo kwepolar troughs. Naizvozvo, ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve polar troll, kuti inoumbwa sei uye kuti ndeipi mhedzisiro yayo.