La parallax ndiko kutsauka kweangular kwenzvimbo inooneka yechinhu, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yakasarudzwa yekuona. Izvi zvine zvimwe zvinoshandiswa munyika yekuongorora nyeredzi kuyera madaro uye kuona zvinhu zvemudenga. Vanhu vazhinji havazivi kuti parallax chii.
Nokudaro, munyaya ino tichakuudza kuti parallax chii, maitiro ayo uye kukosha kwayo.
chii chinonzi parallax
Parallax inosanganisira kuisa minwe yako pamberi pemeso ako. Iyo yekumashure haifanirwe kunge yakafanana. Kutarisa kutanga neziso rimwe chete uye neimwe pasina kufambisa musoro kana munwe, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti nzvimbo yemunwe inoshanduka nekuremekedza kumashure. Kana tikaunza munwe wedu pedyo neziso uye totarisa zvakare neziso rimwe uyezve nerimwe, zvigunwe zviviri zviri kumashure zvinovhara chikamu chikuru.
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti pane masendimita mashoma pakati pemaziso, saka mutsara wekufungidzira unobatanidza zvigunwe kune rimwe ziso unoita kona nemutsara wekufungidzira unobatanidza zvigunwe kune rimwe ziso. Kana tikatambanudza mitsetse miviri iyi yekufungidzira kusvika pasi, tichava nemapoinzi maviri anoenderana nenzvimbo mbiri dzakasiyana dzeminwe.
Kuswedera kwatinoisa munwe kune ziso, iyo yakakura kona uye yakakura inooneka kutama. Kana maziso ari kure kure, kona yakaumbwa nemitsara miviri yaizowedzera zvakanyanya, saka kutama kuri pachena kwemunwe kubva kumashure kwaizova kukuru.
parallax mune zvenyeredzi
Izvi zvinoshandawo kumapuraneti. Saizvozvo, mwedzi uri kure zvekuti hatigone kuona musiyano kana takautarisa nemaziso edu. Asi kana tikatarisa Mwedzi nechekumashure kwedenga rine nyeredzi kubva munzvimbo mbiri dzakaparadzana nemazana emakiromita, tinoona zvinhu zvishoma. Kubva pachiringazuva chokutanga taizoona mupendero wemwedzi uri pachinhambwe chakati kubva pane imwe nyeredzi, nepo panzvimbo yechipiri mupendero mumwe chetewo waizova pane chinhambwe chakasiyana nenyeredzi imwe cheteyo.
Kuziva kutama kunenge kuchiita Mwedzi maererano nenzvimbo ine nyeredzi uye chinhambwe chiri pakati penzvimbo mbiri dzekutarisa, chinhambwe ichi chinogona kuverengerwa nerubatsiro rwetrigonometry.
Ichi chiedzo chinoshanda zvakakwana nekuti kutama kuri pachena kweMwedzi maererano nekumashure kwedenga rine nyeredzi kwakakura kwazvo pakuchinja chinzvimbo chemucherechedzi. Nyanzvi dzemitumbi yomudenga dzakagadziridza ichi chigadziriso kuti chigadzirire mamiriro ezvinhu umo mucherechedzi anoona mwedzi uri muchadenga asi mumwe ari pamusoro pawo. Nheyo yekatatu yakaenzana neradius yenyika, uye kona yainoita ne vertex yemwedzi ndiyo "horizontal parallax pa equator." Kukosha kwayo i57,04 maminetsi earc kana 0,95 radians.
Muchokwadi, kutama kukuru, sezvo yakaenzana nekaviri dhayamita inooneka yemwedzi wakakwana. Uhwu hukuru hunogona kuyerwa nemazvo zvakakwana kuti uwane kukosha kwakanaka kwechinhambwe chekuenda kuMwedzi. Iyi nhanho, yakaverengerwa nerubatsiro rweparallax, inobvumirana zvakanyanya nenhamba dzakawanikwa nenzira yekare yemumvuri yakakandwa nePasi panguva yekuora kwemwedzi.
Zvinosuruvarisa mamiriro ezvinhu muna 1600 haana kubvumira kuisa nzvimbo yekucherechedza kure zvakakwana, iyo, yakabatanidzwa nemadaro makuru apo mapuraneti akawanwa, akaita kuti kutama kunooneka kunotarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu edenga rine nyeredzi kuduku zvikuru kuva chaikoiko.
Mhando
Tinogona kutaura kuti kune marudzi maviri eparallax:
- Geocentric Parallax: Kana radius inoshandiswa ivhu.
- Yegore Centroid kana Parallax Spiral: Kana radius inoshandiswa ndiyo inotenderera yeNyika kutenderera zuva.
Kana tikacherekedza nyeredzi muna Ndira naChikumi, Nyika ichange iri munzvimbo mbiri dzakadarikidzana mukutenderera kweNyika. Tinogona kuyera shanduko munzvimbo inooneka yenyeredzi. Iyo parallax yakakura, iyo nyeredzi iri pedyo. Nokuda kweizvi, parsec inoshandiswa seyuniti, iyo inotsanangurwa sekudzoka kwe triangular parallax yakayerwa mumasekonzi e arc.
parallax kuongorora
Gare gare kwakauya materesikopu akagadzirwa kana kugadziridzwa nemusayendisiti wokuItaly Galileo Galilei. Materesikopu anogona kuyera zviri nyore nhambwe dzemakona dzisingaonekwe neziso rakashama.
Mapuraneti ane parallax huru ndiwo mapuraneti ari padyo, anoti Mars neVenus. Venus iri padyo nezuva parinodarika zvekuti haigone kucherechedzwa kunze kwekunge ichionekwa nechekumashure kwesolar disk panguva yekufamba kwayo. Zvadaro, iyo chete nyaya apo parallax inoyerwa iMars.
Chiyero chekutanga chetelescopic cheplanetary parallax chakaitwa muna 1671. Vacherechedzi vaviri vacho vaiva muongorori wenyeredzi wokuFrance Jean Richel, akatungamirira rwendo rwesayenzi rwokuenda kuCayenne, French Guiana, uye muongorori wenyeredzi wokuItaly neFrench Giovanni Cassini, uyo akasara muParis. Vakacherechedza Mars panguva imwe chete sezvinobvira uye vakacherechedza nzvimbo yayo maererano nenyeredzi iri pedyo. Nekuverenga iyo yakacherechedzwa chinzvimbo musiyano, kuziva chinhambwe kubva kuCayenne kuenda kuParis, chinhambwe kubva kuMars panguva yekuyera inoverengerwa.
Kana yapera, chiyero cheiyo Kepler modhi ichavepo, ichitibvumira kuverenga mamwe madaro ese ari musolar system. Cassini akafungidzira kuti Zuva-Earth chinhambwe pamakiromita 140 miriyoni, 9 mamiriyoni emakiromita zvishoma kudarika nhamba chaiyo, asi migumisiro yekuedza kwekutanga yakanga yakanaka kwazvo.
Gare gare, kuyerwa kwakanyatsojeka kweplanetary parallax kwakaitwa. Mamwe ari paVenus, paanopfuura chaizvo pakati pePasi neZuva, anogona kuonekwa sedenderedzwa diki dema pane solar disk. Aya mafambiro akaitika muna 1761 uye 1769. Kana kubva kune maviri akasiyana anocherekedza anogona kusimbiswa kuti nguva yekusangana kweVenus nesolar disk uye nguva yekuparadzaniswa kwayo kubva kune solar disk, ndiko kuti, nguva yekufamba yakasiyana kubva kune imwe yekutarisa kuenda kune imwe. Kuziva shanduko idzi uye chinhambwe pakati penzvimbo mbiri dzekutarisa, parallax yeVenus inogona kuverengerwa. Ne data idzi unogona kuverenga chinhambwe kuenda kuVenus uyezve kuZuva.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve chii chinonzi parallax uye maitiro ayo.