Isu tinoshandiswa, zvinosuwisa, kuona mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Nyika iri kuwedzera kupisa uye mhedzisiro yekuwedzera uye kuenderera kuwedzera kwekushisa. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvatinoona zvichiitikawo nhasi, zvainge zvisina kudaro kare. Musha wedu, Nyika, yakave nenguva dzinopisa uye dzechando. Nhoroondo yemunhu yakareba zvakakwana kuti isu tizive yekupedzisira nguva yechando. Izvo zvakare zvakaita basa rakakosha kwazvo munhoroondo yedu mukuwedzera kwevanhu kuwanda pasirese. Imwe yematanho iwayo pasina mubvunzo yaive yekuuya kwevanhu kukondinendi yeAmerica.
Uye ndizvo izvozvo Iko kune akati wandei mafungire ekuti vanhu vakauya sei kuAmerica. Pakati pavo vese, chimwe chezvakanyanya kunzwisisika uye chakaratidza ndechekuti vakafamba vachidarika "Beringia Bridge". Iyo inozivikanwawo seBeringia chete. Denderedzwa rese dzvuku mumufananidzo rinoratidza macro bridge rakatanga makore zviuru makumi mana apfuura. Zvinoverengerwa izvo mwana wevanhu aigona kuyambuka makore zviuru makumi maviri apfuura achifamba, apo mwero wegungwa wakange waderera nemamita zana nemakumi matanhatu.
Nyika yedu yanga yakaita sei panguva iyoyo?
Mufananidzo wakatorwa kubva kuGoogle Mepu yeGungwa reBering kwaive neBeringia Bridge
Chando chakafukidza nzvimbo yakakura. Inenge katatu zvakapetwa kupfuura avhareji yazvino. Avhareji tembiricha yepasi redu yaive 10ºC yakaderera pane aivapo avhareji e15ºC. Beringia Bridge, inova chikamu chakatarwa nedenderedzwa dzvuku, yakaumba nzira yekuyambuka makondinendi ese ari maviri. Munguva yenguva yechando, mwero wegungwa unodonha. Nekudaro, nzvimbo dzine mvura dzinosimba. Sezvatakataura, mazaya echando ainyanya kuwanda. Uye kune budiriro yekutama-tama, yaive suo renyika itsva.
Ivo vaiyambuka Asia yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, Russia yanhasi, vachidarika neBeringia Bridge, Bering Sea iripo, vakasvika kuAmerican Northwest, yanhasi Alaska. Midziyo kubva kumadzitateguru edu yakawanikwa, chaiyo yetsika yavaive nayo. Midziyo imwe chete, yechinhu chimwe chete chinoshandiswa, yakatemwa uye yakagadzirwa nenzira imwecheteyo.
Kupera kwezera rechando
Tembiricha palecompatology
Makore zviuru zvishanu gare gare, makore anoda kusvika gumi nemashanu apfuura, nguva yechando yakapera. Pakarepo, tembiricha yakakwira mune inotevera 1 kusvika kumakore matatu. Zvinoenderana nezvinyorwa zve paleoclimatologists, ndiani anogona kudzidza shanduko mumamiriro ekunze emakore ekupedzisira zana nemakumi maviri nemaviri echando nekubudirira kunoshamisa. Zvakare neimwe nzira nekuda kwekusununguka kweCO2 iyo yaive yakachengetwa muAntarctica, seongororo dzichangobva kuitwa uye ongororo. Barcelona Institute of Environmental Sciences uye Technologies yatora chikamu mune yekupedzisira.
Nyika yakatanga kuzvimisikidza pachayo. Vedu vasingafadzi vanofamba-famba mukutsvaga kupona, vakaramba vachifamba kubva kuNorth kuenda kuSouth muAmerica yese. Mvura yechando yakatanga kudzoka, iyo yegungwa yakanga ichisimuka zvakare, uye iine iyo, iyo nzira iyo makondinendi ese akaiswa chisimbiso kubvira ipapo. Chete kutozosvikira makore anodarika mazana mashanu apfuura, uye zviri pamutemo, hupfumi hwese hwaizosangana zvakare, zvave kusimukira munzira dzakasiyana.
Paleoclimatology. Ice maitiro uye zvakavanzika
Paleoclimatologists vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekubvisa paleoclimates. Semuenzaniso, sedimentary zvemukati, kupi kubva kumakemikari ematombo kana mafossilized sediment kuti ubvise mhuka, maruva, plankton, mukume ... Imwe nzira ingave dendroclimatology, uko ruzivo rwunotorwa kubva kumhete dzemiti yakaomeswa. Makorari kuti aone Tº yenzvimbo yepamusoro yaive mugungwa. Iwo sedimentary facies uko mwero wegungwa unogona kuve glimpsed, kuratidza kukuru paleoclimatic shanduko. Uye kana iri nyaya yechando, anonyanya kushandiswa anowanzo kuve anotevera:
paleopollen
Pakati pemashizha echando akaumbwa uye akabatanidzwa gore rimwe nerimwe, tinogona kuwana paleopolen. Izvi zvinobvumira kufungidzira kuti ndezvipi zvirimwa zvaive mukati memakore iwayoKunyangwe mairi mune dota kubva kumwe kuputika kwegomo.
Mhepo
Mhepo yakavharirwa muchimiro chema microbubble chinhu chekuzvarwa sosi yeruzivo nekuda kwe kuumbwa kwayo kunobatsira kuona kuti imhando yepi mhepo yaivepo panguva iyoyo.
Yakasimba isotopu
Nekupwa kwemvura, uye mutsauko mushoma mune isotopu dzakagadzikana ayo akachengetwa muchando nekuda kwekuyera zvishoma pane hydrogen uye oxygen, kuwirirana kwakawanikwa pakati penguva dzakasiyana.