Pakati pezvisikwa zvipenyu zvekukosha kukuru kwezvakatipoteredza nekuchengetedza zvipenyu, pane iyo matope. Chinangwa chegore rega ndechekuita kuti vanhu vazive nezvekudiwa kwekuchengetedza izvi zvakakosha zvisikwa zvipenyu. Naizvozvo, Kukadzi 2 wegore rega rega izuva reWorld Wetlands Day. Wetland iecosystem iyo iyo ivhu inogara zvachose kana nguva nenguva kunyudzwa nemvura. Izvi zvinogona kuitika munzvimbo dzakachena dzemvura uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzine huwandu hwesalt.
Muchikamu chino tichaudza iwe kuti chii nzvimbo dzakasviba, ndeapi maitiro avo makuru uye akakosha sei.
Chii chinonzi wetland
Iyo yakasikwa ecosystem, ine ecological muyero, yakavakirwa pavhu nguva dzose kana zvachose inonyudzwa mumvura nemafashama. Aya ecosystems anogona kuoneka munzvimbo dzine mvura nyowani kana pane mvura yemunyu. Nekuda kwehunhu uhwu, materu anogona chengetedza huwandu hwakawanda hwezvakasiyana siyana uye nekupa hupfumi hwepanyama neyakaenzana misiyano.
Zuva reWetlands Day rinosimbisa kukosha kwematope nekuti akakosha pakurarama kwedu kweramangwana. Wetlands inogona kunge yakasikwa kana kugadzirwa nevanhu. Dzimwe mhando dzenzvimbo dzakasviba dzemvura dzinogona kuwedzera kuita matope, mamwe marwadzi nenzvimbo dzawo dzinobvongodza, peatlands, nezvimwe. Kune rimwe divi, isu tinogona kuona zvakagadzirwa zvakagadziriswa kana kushandurwa materu. Chero nguva mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza achibvumidza, inogona kuchengetedza unyoro kwechinguva uye zvachose.
Kazhinji, idzi mhando dzematope akavakwa anovakwa kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana zviri panjodzi yekutsakatika. Iyo inoshandiswawo kune zvinangwa zvekushanya kugovera masevhisi ezvakatipoteredza uye kubatsira kuparadzira kukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kwechisikigo.
Mhando dzematope
Nekuti idzi nzvimbo nyoro dzakapfuma kwazvo, dzave maturusi akakosha ekudzivirira zvakasikwa. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzematope, uye dzinosarudzwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwemvura dzinovagadzira pamwe nehumwe hunhu hwatinofanira kutevedzera. Musiyano mukuru pakati pemhando dzematope ndiyo mhando yemvura. Isu tinowana matsime emvura isina mvura uye emvura yemunyu. Tinogona zvakare kusiyanisa pakati pematope echisikigo nematope akagadzirwa nevanhu.
Ngatione kuti ndeapi marudzi akasiyana emanyowani:
- Rwizi rwetland: Iyo ivhu nyoro rine hunhu uye mhando yemvura nyowani. Kazhinji inoumbwa nenzizi, hova, uye mapopoma.
- Nyanza nyanza: Dzinoumbwa kuburikidza nemadhamu uye nemamwe madziva emvura akachena.
- Tropical palustres: Inosanganisira nzvimbo dzine zvitubu zvidiki, oases, mafashama emvura, masango emasango, madutu, uye matanda. Hunhu hukuru hwerudzi urwu rwemanyowa ndeyekuti ese ane masosi enjodzi uye mvura iri nyowani.
- Nzvimbo nyoro dzeMarine: Seizvo zita rinoratidzira, iwo masango emvura, asi akagadzirwa nemvura yemunyu. Iwo anowanzoonekwa munzvimbo dzemahombekombe uko gungwa risina kudzika, senge mamwe matombo, mahombekombe ane jecha uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzine mavhu.
- Chakagadzirwa: aya ndiwo materu anogadzirwa kubva kumabasa emunhu nechinangwa chekuchengetedza kana kudzora imwe vhoriyamu yemvura. Pano tinogona kuona dzimba dzekuchengetedza nemadhamu. Ivo vanogona zvakare kuve nechinangwa chekuchengetedza imwe huwandu kana mhando dzemhando dzakachengetedzwa nemhuka.
- Mitsetse: nzizi zhinji dzinoumba nzizi pamberi pemuromo wayo wekupedzisira uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzine nyoro dzinogadzirwa. Hunhu hwavo hukuru ndewekuti ivo vanoumbwa nemvura ine munyu kubva kumahombekombe uye ndeye yakasikwa mavambo. Dzimwe nguva inokwanisa kugadzira mvura yemunyu kana nzvimbo dzemangrove.
- Mvura yemunyu nyanza nyorova: Inotaridzika zvakanyanya senge yapfuura, asi ese madziva nemadhamu ane brackish sezvaanowanikwa munzvimbo dzemahombekombe. Ivo zvakare vane echisikigo mavambo.
Mhando huru
Kuti ecosystem ifungidzwe semvura nyoro, inofanira kusangana neanotevera maitiro:
- Inofungidzirwa nzvimbo dzeshanduko kana shanduko zvishoma nezvishoma pakati pemasisitimu emvura uye epasi. Ndokunge, dzinoonekwa seyakavhenganiswa ecosystem nekuti inochengetedza mamwe maitiro eimwe ecosystem uye imwe. Isu takaona kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvinonyanya kutarisisa zvisikwa zvepanyika, nepo zvimwe zviri zvakanyanya kutarisa nezvezvinhu zvegungwa.
- Idzo inzvimbo dzemafashama, saka dzinogona kuve dzechinguva kana dzechigarire nzvimbo. Nzvimbo dzenguva pfupi dzinoonekwa munzvimbo dzine madiki madiki, ayo anofashukira nyore kana kwanaya zvakanyanya.
- Mvura ine hunyoro inofanira kunge iri mvura inomira, hova diki, mvura nyowani kana mvura yemunyu, uye inosanganisira nzvimbo diki dzegungwa pamwe nekumwe kudzika. Iyo tidal mhedzisiro yemanyoro yakadzika kwazvo. Kazhinji, izvi zvinoita hazvipfuure 6 metres.
- Muganho wenyorova unozotariswa nerudzi rwayo rwehuswa munzvimbo yega yega. Izvo zvinomera zvine hydrophilic, ndiko kuti, zvinoda maitiro akanaka ekunwisa mvura. Izvo zvakare zvinokwanisika kusiyanisa pakati peasina-hydrophilic zvinomera uye zvinomera zvinomiririra muganho wetsiva, uko imwe ecosystem inoguma uye inotanga nenzvimbo yepasi rose nharaunda.
- Wetlands inzvimbo dzakanaka dzehuwandu hwakawanda hwemarudzikunyanya shiri dzinofamba dzinodya nekuzorora mumatope pasi rese. Tinogona zvakare kuwana zvirimwa nemhuka senge mhuka dzinokambaira, zvinokambaira, amphibian, hove uye zvipembenene.
Kukosha kwezvakatipoteredza kwenzvimbo nyoro
Iyo nyorova yakakosha kwazvo ecosystem kune zvakajairika mashandiro ezvisikwa. Ivo vanokwanisa kuchengeta iyo biodiversity yenhamba hombe yeshiri, hove uye mamwe mapoka emhuka. Dzinogadzirawo zvirimwa zvinoenderana nemvura.
Kana isu tikawedzera kukosha kuhupenyu hwevanhu, matoro anogona kugadzira nzvimbo dzekugadzira chikafu uye zvinoda mvura yakawanda yekurima, senge mupunga. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha kwazvo kuchengetedza hunyoro ndeyekugadzirisa kweye hydrological kutenderera, kusanganisira pamusoro uye mvura yemumvura. Iyo iri zvakare kushingairira kubatanidzwa mukudzora kwevhu uye kudzora kweyakavaka muviri macircuit.
Nechikonzero ichi, ruzhinji rwematope ane hutongi hwekuchengetedza hunofungidzirwa senzvimbo yekuchengetedza. Mune ino uye simba chikamu chedziviriro hutongi zviitiko zvehupfumi zvinogumira kutsvagurudzo uye iyo yekupinda kwevashanyi iyo inodzorwa kwazvo. Zvese izvi zvinoitirwa kuchengetedza huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvipenyu.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro penzvimbo dzemvura uye kuti chii chakakosha.