El lena river ndiyo yakareba kwazvo muRussia uye imwe yedzakareba pasi rose, ine hurefu hwese hwemakiromita 4.400. Tsime reLena riri muBaikal Mountains, kubva uko rwizi runoyerera kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kusvika kuGungwa reLaptev uye Arctic Ocean.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza nezve hunhu, matarenda, kukosha, maruva uye mhuka dzeLena River.
Lena River Backdrop
Iine delta yezviyero zvakakosha izvo inotambanuka anopfuura makiromita 100 muGungwa reLaptev uye yakafara makiromita angangoita 400. Nekuda kwehukuru hwayo, Rwizi rweLena rwakakosha kuRussia, sezvo runoburitsa chikamu cheshanu chenharaunda yayo. Izvi zvinomiririra anopfuura mamiriyoni maviri square kilometers.
Lena Delta inotonhora kweinenge mwedzi minomwe pagore. Muna Chivabvu, nzvimbo inoshanduka kuita ivhu rakanyorova. Uyewo, kana chirimo chasvika, nzizi dzinowanzoita mafashamo makuru.
Ndiyo imwe yenzizi nhatu huru dzeSiberia (padyo neOb uye Yenisei) dzinoyerera dzichipinda muArctic Ocean. Lena ndiyo iri kure nekumabvazuva. Basa reLena River rakakosha, kunyanya kune vanhu vanogara pedyo nerwizi rurefu.
Munzvimbo idzo mvura idzi dzinoyerera nepanyika dzakadzika, zvirimwa zvakakura zvezvirimwa zvakaita semagaka, mbatatisi, gorosi kana bhari zvinopihwa. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinonyanya kushandiswa kumabasa ekutengesa.
Zvipfuyo kana zvipfuyo ibasawo munzvimbo idzi. Nyika yakapoteredza rwizi rwakafara uye inokodzera mafuro. Pamusoro pezvo, nzvimbo dzevhu idzi dzine hupfumi hwakakura maererano nekuvepo kwezvicherwa, zvinosanganisira goridhe nemadhaimondi.
Zvimwe zvicherwa zvakadai sesimbi nemarasha zvinogonawo kuwanikwa zvakapoteredza rwizi, uye chinhu chinokosha chehupfumi hweRussia sezvo chiri chikamu chinokosha chekugadzirwa kwesimbi.
Iye zvino, yakawanda yeRwizi rweLena inoramba ichifambika. Chokwadi ichi chinobvumira kutakurwa kwezvinhu zvakaita semaminerari, matehwe kana chikafu. Ichi chekufambisa chinobatanidza nzvimbo dzekugadzira nenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira pasirese. Chikamu chidiki chete cheLena River chinoshandiswa kusimudzira indasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi. Kunyange zvazvo kukwanisa kwayo kwakakura kudarika izvo zvakagadziridzwa.
Mhando huru
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwayo kukuru, hunhu hweLena hwakawanda uye dzimwe nguva hunosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yahunofamba nayo. Chekutanga, tembiricha yerwizi iri kuramba ichichinja. Nzvimbo yainofamba nayo inoita basa guru muzvinomera zvinobuda munzira yayo.
Semuenzaniso, mupata wepakati perwizi une mapani akafara neuswa. Munzvimbo dzine mafashamo, mune machakwi akawanda. Mhuri dzemiti dzakadai sebirch uye willow dzinokura munzvimbo idzi. Panosangana nzvimbo dzezasi dzerwizi kuchamhembe, pane zvinomera zvakafanana ne tundra biomes. Yakawanda moss uye lichen algae inokura pano.
Kana dziri mhuka. shiri dzinobva mudunhu reLena River dzinowanzoenda kunzvimbo iyi mushure mechando. Panguva iyoyo, chinangwa chemhuka idzi chaiva chokuberekana, kunyanya muvhu nyoro, iro rakanga rakaorera.
Swans, geese, sandpipers kana plovers ishiri dzinowanzo kuwanikwa muhydrographic mabheseni. Nepo salmon, sturgeon uye cisco ihove dzinogona kuwanikwa murwizi. Ihove idzi dzine kukosha kwekutengeserana kuRussia, asi dzakakoshawo kune ecologically kune Lena River.
Mhuka dzinenge makumi mana dzinogara murwizi. Kuratidzira mhando dze plankton, kusvika pari zvino dzinenge zana dzakasiyana siyana dzakanyorwa.
Maguta ainopfuura nawo
Rwizi rweLena runotangira kumakomo eBaikal kumaodzanyemba kweCentral Siberian Plateau. Izvozvi, rwizi rwacho runodarika 1500 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Kunobva mvura yacho makiromita manomwe chete kumadokero kweLake Baikal.
Rwizi rweLena runoyerera kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, uko dzimwe nzizi (Kirenga, Vitim neOlyokma) dzinoyerera mumubhedha wayo. Ichipfuura neYakutsk, Lena inoyerera kuchamhembe kuburikidza nenzvimbo dzakadzika-dzakadzika, uko inosangana neAldan River.
Kana Lena asvika munzvimbo iyo Verkhoyansk Ridge iripo, anochinja nzira kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Ikoko inosangana neWillow River, iyo inova mutero mukuru weLena. Pakuenda kuchamhembe, anosvika paGungwa reLaptev, chikamu cheActic Ocean.
Muchikamu chekupedzisira cheLena unogona kuwana delta yakakura iyo inotambanudzira makiromita anopfuura 100 muGungwa reLaptev. Zvakare, yakafara makiromita anenge 400. Iyo Lena Estuary haisi chinhu kunze kwechando tundra inochengetedza mamiriro aya kwemwedzi minomwe yegore.
Chikamu chikuru che delta chinodzivirirwa seLena Delta Wildlife Sanctuary. Delta inomiririra nzvimbo inoumbwa munzvimbo inoyerera nerwizi. Panyaya yeLena, inogona kukamurwa kuita nhamba huru yezvitsuwa zvakapfava. Pakati pavo, Chychas Aryta, Petrushka, Sagastyr kana Samakh Ary Diyete anobuda pachena, kunyange zvazvo runyoro rwakareba.
Lena rwizi kusvibiswa
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwayo kukuru, Rwizi rweLena runogona kutorwa seimwe yeakachena matsime emvura yakachena paPasi. Kuyerera kwemvura idzi kwakasangana nezvipingamupinyi zvikuru zvishoma munzira yayo yakasikwa., sezvo mugero werwizi usingavharirwi nezvivakwa zvakawanda, kunyanya madhamu kana madhamu.
Aya maitiro anoita kuti Lena River ive nharaunda yekugara yakasiyana zvakanyanya kupfuura dzimwe nzizi dzakawanda munyika, uye dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwese simba radzo remagetsi emvura. Nekudaro, sezvakajairwa mazuva ano, iyo Lena inotyisidzirwawo nekuita kwevanhu.
Pane kunetseka kwakanyanya pamusoro pekuteuka kwemafuta kunogona kusvibisa Lena. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nenhamba huru yengarava dzinotakura oiri inokosha kurwizi ichienda kuArctic Ocean.
Chimwe chezvishandiso zvinonyanya kushanda muRussia ndechekudoma nzvimbo zhinji dzerwizi senzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Zvisinei, tyisidziro hurusa iripo ihove dzakanyanyisa, mafuro asina kuenzana, kutemwa kwemasango munzvimbo dziri pedyo kuti kusimudzira kurima, uye kuchera kusina kusarudzwa mvura nokuda kwokudiridza.
Imwe yezvinonetsa ichangoburwa ine chekuita nekupisa kwemasango kwakanganisa nzvimbo huru dzeArctic kubva muna Chikumi 2019. Mimwe mifananidzo yesatellite inoratidza moto wakatenderedza rwizi Lena. Iyo kabhoni dhaikisaidhi inoburitswa ichave nemhedzisiro yakaipa kwazvo pane zvakatipoteredza.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveLena River uye maitiro ayo.