Nguva zhinji muhupenyu zvinonzi chokwadi chinopfuura fungidziro. Uye ndezvekuti mune zvakasikwa kune zviitiko zvakasarudzika zvezvinhu zvine runako kana runako rwakakosha zvakanyanya nekuda kwehunhu hwavo, zvinomera zvisingawanzo nemhuka kana nekuti zvinoshamisa zviitiko zvepanyika zviri mazviri.
Mune ino kesi ini ndichataura nezvazvo Lake Baikal. Iri dziva ndiro rakakurumbira pasi rose nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda. Izvo zvakakosha zvikuru kune vesaenzi uye kune vashanyi zvakare. Iwe unoda kuziva here zvikonzero nei zvichikosha uye kuti zvingashamisa sei kuti zvinogona kuve?
Kubva uye hunhu hweLake Baikal
Iri dziva rine mavambo etectonic. Izvi zvinoreva kuti yakatangwa nekufamba kwema tectonic mahwendefa aripo paNyika (kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve tectonic mahwendefa akaverengwa Iwo wemukati matete ePasi). Iri munzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba kweSiberia, Russia, pakati peIrkutsk Oblast kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero neBuryatia kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, padyo neguta reIrkutsk. Inozivikanwa se "Bhuruu Ziso reSiberia" y "Parera reAsia".
Kuumbwa kweLake Baikal kunofungidzirwa kuti ndekwekare anenge makore makumi maviri nemashanu kusvika makumi matatu. Mukutaura kwegeological tinogona kuti hatina kuwana dziva rekare munhoroondo.
Uku ndiko kukosha kwedziva iri iro rakatumidzwa zita raro World Heritage Site naUnesco muna 1996. Iyo ndeimwe yemakungwa ane makore mashoma pasi rese (nekudaro zita remadunhurirwa rekuti Bhuruu Ziso). Turbidity inoyerwa neSecchi discs. Aya ma disc anotibvumidza isu kuziva huwandu hwechiedza che radiation chinopinda kuburikidza nemvura uye nekudaro kuziva kupenya. Huye, huwandu hwechiedza chinosvika pakadzika chakayerwa uye mamaki emagetsi akanyorwa kusvika pamamita makumi maviri pakadzika.
Iri dziva rinomirawo pakuva nekutenderedza 20% yemvura nyowani, isina kuomeswa pasi (ingangoita 23.600 km3 yemvura). Inogona kubata mvura yakawanda sezvo yakadzika kwazvo uye nekuti inodyiswa nemakumi matatu nematanhatu emitero. Izvo zviyero zveLake Baikal ndeizvi: 31.494 km² yepasi, 636 km kureba, 80 km paupamhi uye 1.680 m kudzika.
Gungwa reBaikal rakagwamba nechando. Kwayaka: http://www.rusiamia.com/rusia/turismo/lago-baikal-rusia/
Humwe hunhu hunoita kuti huve hwakakosha ndechekuti ndiro chete iro dhamu harina kukanganiswa nemakondinendi emakondinendi kunyangwe riri rakakwirira nzvimbo. Zvidzidzo zvakaitwa pane zvakadzikira zvegungwa uye zvakafungidzirwa kuti kana dutu rese rakaunganidzwa mumakore ano makumi maviri nemakumi matatu nemashanu raigona kubviswa, nyanza yacho yaizosvika udzamu anosvika 9 km.
Gungwa rakakomberedzwa nemakomo (nekudaro iro iro rine zvinyowani zvakawanda) zvinodzivirirwa nehunyanzvi sepaki yenyika yekuchengetedza uye ine zviwi zvidiki makumi maviri nembiri. Chitsuwa chikuru chinonzi Oljon uye chakareba makiromita makumi manomwe nemaviri.
Olkhon Island
Kukosha kweLake Baikal
Iri dziva, sekutaura kwandakamboita, rine kukosha kukuru kwakanangana kubva kumativi maviri ekuona: senzvimbo yekushanyira uye kuita zvekushanya kana semasayendisiti uko kwaunogona kuwana hunhu hwakasarudzika hunoita kuti ive yakakosha kwazvo
Hunhu hwekutanga hunoita kuti huve hwakakosha munharaunda yesainzi ndeyekuti dziva rimwechete seiri rinoisa makumi maviri muzana emvura yakachena pasi rese. Muchiitiko icho ayo 336 mutero kurega kupa mvura uye kuidyisa, nyanza yaizotora Anenge makore mazana mana ekurasa kuburikidza neyakaitika evhu. Kumwe kweanonyanya kuverenga kuverenga kwakaitwa nemasayendisiti ndeyekuti dai huwandu hwenyika hwese hwakapihwa nedziva iri chete, vaigona kurarama kwemakore makumi mana uye vangadai vasina matambudziko ekushomeka kwemvura.
Kujeka kwemvura kwataurwa pamusoro kunoitawo kuti ive yakakosha. Iko kusanzwisisika kudiki kwainako kunokonzerwa nekuti ma microorganisms anogara mumvura dzayo izvo Chenesa mumvura uye ita yakanaka yekuchenesa. Dzimwe ongororo dzakaitwa kuti zvionekwe kana izvi zvipuka zvinogona kushandiswa kuchenesa mafuta akarasikira mune mamwe mvura nekuda kweiyo yakanyanya kuchenesa mwero.
Iyo yakajeka kristaro mvura inoshandiswa kune mamwe marapirwo ekurapwa, kunyanya kune zvimwe zvekudya zvisina kusimba mune mamineral salts. Munguva dzekare, maAsia vaiona Lake Baikal nzvimbo tsvene. Kunyange nanhasi unogona kuona padivi pegungwa zvisaririra zvezvivakwa zvaiwanzoitwa nemadzinza ekare idzo tsika dzavakaiswamo nesimba redziva.
Humwe hunhu hunoita kuti huve hwakakosha kune vesaenzi mamiriro ekunze akanyanya. Munguva yechando tembiricha yegungwa inogona kusvika pamadhigiri makumi mana nemashanu pazasi pe zero. Zvisinei, Lake Baikal inzvimbo ine mhuka nemhuka. 1.600 genera remhuka uye mazana masere ezvirimwa zvinogara pamwe chete zvakanyorwa mukati mezvino. Mariri mune mhando dzakawanda dzinowanikwa munzvimbo dzakadai sechisimbiso neBaikal sturgeon, hove yegolomjanka uye epishura crab (mhuka diki ine basa rakakosha muketani yezvokudya, nekuti inozadza mvura nemuviri wayo). Basa reepishura rakakosha zvakanyanya sezvo iri mhando ine hukuru hwakawanda. Kune anosvika kumamirioni matatu emakara aya pa square mita yevhu. Iwo madiki kwazvo, angangoita mamirimita maviri pakureba, asi kugona kwavo kusefa mvura kunoshamisa. Kutenda muchikamu chikuru kwavari ndosaka gungwa rakajeka. Muna 3, imwe fekitari yaiona nezvekugadzira pulp yakadururira tsvina yayo muLake Baikal uye panjodzi yekupona kwemakara aya nezvimwe zvipenyu zvinogara zviripo.
Gungwa reBaikal Crab
Dziva iri rinokura gore rega rega anenge maviri masentimita. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakawanda nekuda kwekuenderera kwekufamba kwema tectonic mahwendefa. Iri dziva rinogona kuchengeta mvura yakawanda gore rega.
Zvido zveLake Baikal
Pazasi penyanza ipapo piramidhi yesimbi isina chinhu nejasi reRussia. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nebasa rekutanga rekufambisa iro rakakwanisa kusvika pasi pegungwa muna Chikunguru 29, 2008.
Iri dziva rakavewo rakakurumbira kwete makore mazhinji apfuura nekuda kwechiitiko chakaitika pamusoro paro uye chakacherechedzwa kekutanga nevazivi venzvimbo International Space Chiteshi (ISS). Ichi chiitiko chaive nechiratidzo chakakura pamusoro pegungwa (icho chaive chando) chakafanana chaizvo neicho chakasara girazi remvura patafura. Mucherechedzo uyu waive wakaita makiromita mana nehafu pakureba. Vanhu vakazvitsaurira kuzvinhu zvakajairika vakati zvinogona kuva mhedzisiro yezvisaririra zveUFO kumhara (zvichitevera pfungwa imwechete yezvirimwa zvezvirimwa).
Gungwa reBaikal Circle
Kune rimwe divi, vesaenzi vakapa imwe tsananguro inoenderana yeichi chiitiko. Yakanga iri denderedzwa rakasviba rakakonzerwa nekutenderera kwemvura. Mvura inodziya uye isina kuenzana yakakwira kumusoro uye payakasangana nechando chemagariro yakatonhora kuita chando chakaonda. Vanotenda mashura vakati kana iwe ukafamba nemucheto wedenderedzwa irori zvaizoitika kwauri zvakafanana nezvakaitika patriangle yeBermuda, waizoparadzwa nemafungu ane mhirizhonga anobva kunzvimbo dzakadzika dzedziva.
Tourism muLake Baikal
Kugona kushanya uye kunakirwa neLake Baikal unogona kutora nzendo pachitima cheTrans-Siberian. Chitima ichi inoikomberedza zvakakwana, ichiyambuka anenge mazana maviri emabhiriji uye angangoita makumi matatu nematatu. Muzvitoro zvakatenderedza gungwa ivo vanotengesa hove dzeoputa dzakaputa uye iwe unogona kunakidzwa nekucherechedza nzvimbo yakanaka.
Chikamu chekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwegungwa iri, pasina mubvunzo, chinonyanya kushanya kubva kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva chikamu chakasiiwa.
Lake Baikal uye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze
Ongororo zhinji dzesainzi dzakaratidza kuti mhedzisiro ye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye kudziya kwepasi vanogona kuita kuti nyanza iyi isanyanya kufarira. Imwe yeaya makosi yakaburitswa mumagazini BioScience. Iye munyori weiyi ongororo aive Marianne V. Moore uye akacherekedza kuti mamiriro ekunze edziva rave rakadzikama neakawanda tembiricha kwete zvakanyanyisa sepakutanga. Munguva yechando dziva rinoramba rakagwamba chando nguva shoma kupfuura pakutanga. Chokwadi ichi chinogona kukonzera kukuvadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kune mhuka dzinotambura senge nerpa chisimbiso. Ichi chisimbiso chinogara chiripo ndicho chete chisimbiso chemvura isina hunyanzvi pasi rose uye chinokwanisa chete kusangana nekuzvarira pachando cheLake Baikal. Sezvo chando ichi chiripo kwenguva shoma, simba rekuzvarwa nemukana wakadzikira uye huwandu hwevasungwa hunodzikira. Kune izvi zvinowedzerwa munhu wenyama. Ehe saizvozvo mwana wevanhu kuvhima zvisimbiso izvi chinyararire uye zvakanyanya izvo zvinoumba imwe yenheyo dzakasimba kwazvo dzehupfumi hwedunhu iri.
Iyo nerpa chisimbiso inoda chando pakubereka kwayo. Kwayaka: http://www.rdrusia.com/rusia-el-lago-baikal/
Chekupedzisira, chimwe chekuda kuziva kwedziva iri ndechekuti ndizvo iyo chete nzvimbo kwaungawana neutrinos. Izvi zvidimbu zvisingawanikwe pasi pano uye zvinotipa hupfumi hwedata nezve hupenyu hwemamwe mapuraneti nemagalakisi uye nezvinoitika muchadenga.
Sezvauri kuona, iri dziva, kubva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira, chishamiso kune vese masayendisiti uye vashanyi. Saka unogona kurongedza mabhegi ako uye nekuronga rwendo rwako rwunotevera 😉