Shanduko yemamiriro ekunze ine mhedzisiro inokanganisa pazvinhu zvakawanda zvinogadzirisa hupenyu paPasi, kusanganisira magene akasiyana. Isu tinoziva kwazvo kuti tembiricha dzepasirese dziri kuwedzera nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemagezi emagetsi kubva kumaindasitiri uye kutakura pasirese.
Uku kuwedzera kwetembiricha yepasi pano kune dzimwe njodzi muzvakasiyana zvinogadzirisa zvisikwa zvipenyu zvepasi redu. Mhando dzakasiyana senge tembiricha, acidity yemakungwa, kushomeka kwemvura nyowani uye kupatsanurwa kwenzvimbo dzekugara ndizvo zvinoderedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana.
Maitiro ekusiyana kwemajini anokanganisa kuchinjika kushanduko yemamiriro ekunze
Mune zvakasikwa uye anthropized ecosystems, ese mashandiro anoita kuti zvinhu zvifambe mushe ndezve zvakabatana. Zvakare kutaura, zvese izvo zvinoita kuti ecosystems ishande sekuziva kwedu nhasi maketani nehukama pakati pezvipenyu uye zvisikwa zvisikwa.
Kuti tigadzirire kune inoparadza uye yakaipa mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, hukuru hwakasiyana hwemajini hunodiwa hunotendera inogadzira shanduko muDNA kukwanisa kutsungirira uye kurarama shanduko munharaunda. Sezvo huwandu hwevamwe marudzi emhuka nezvirimwa zvinoderera, ivo vanova vanotapurwa nemamiriro ekunze. Semuenzaniso, miti yemiti inoda tembiricha yakaderera inowanzo shandura huwandu hwayo munzvimbo dzakakwirira zvakanyanya sezvo tembiricha inokwira munzvimbo dzakaderera nekuda kweshanduko yemamiriro ekunze.
Naizvozvo, zvese mhuka nemiti zvinowirirana uye zvine nyore kuchinjika kushanduko yemamiriro ekunze se huwandu hwevanhu uye akasiyana mageneti ane.
Ko zvakadii nemammot muPyrenees?
MuSpain, muPyrenees, munogara nzanga dzemamota kubva kuFrance Alps. Izvi zvakadzoreredzwa pakati pa1948 na1988 nekuti vakatsakatika kubva kuPyrenees kweanopfuura makore zviuru gumi nemashanu.
Imwe ongororo ichangoburwa inoratidza izvozvo kusiana kwemajini emamota aya kwakadereraNaizvozvo, maererano nezvandakambotaura, ichave nematambudziko akakura uye ichave iri mhando ine njodzi pamberi pemhedzisiro yeshanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Spain yatove nyika iyo, nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze, hupfumi uye nzvimbo, iri panjodzi yekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.
Range reAlpine marmot
Chidzidzo ichi chakaitwa nevanoongorora kubva ku Center for Ecological Research uye Masango Zvikumbiro (CREAF-UAB) uye iyo Laboratoire de Biométrie de Biologie Evolutive (LBBE) muLyon (France). Kune izvi vakaongorora iyo DNA yemamota ePyrenean kuburikidza nevhudzi ravo.
Pakadzokidzwa patsva zverudzi urwu muPyrenees, zvienzaniso mazana mana zvakadzoreredzwa zvakauya kubva kuFrance Alps. Kunyangwe kushomeka kwekuronga nekutevera (nekuti vamwe vacho vaisaziva chaiko kwavakabva), kudzoreredzwa kweAlpine marmot muPyrenees yakanga iri budiriro nekuti yakakurumidza kumisikidza nekukoloni chinenge chidimbu chese chekumaodzanyemba chegomo iri.
Kwakatangira uye mhedzisiro yekushomeka kwemajini kusiana
Huwandu hwevanhu hwakadzoreredzwa hwaive nemhando shoma dzekusiyana kwemajini. Ichi chinhu chakakosha kwazvo kuitira kuti uchinje kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro matsva aanopa. Kazhinji, chinopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chekudzorerwazve chinokundikana nekuda kwekushomeka kwezvidzidzo zvakapfuura, kune isina kukwana inotevera inotevera kana kune yakaderera geneti kusiyanisa.
Icho chokwadi chekuti mhando ine hupfumi hwemajini hwakasiyana hwakakosha mukushanduka kwenzanga uye nemhando yacho pachayo, asi zvinonyanya kukosha kana vanhu vashoma.
Asi nei kusiyana kwavo kwemajini kuri kushoma? Zvakanaka, sevanhu vePyrenees havana kuchinjana magene, rimwe guta riri muPyrenees richiri kungofanana neguta rekutanga muAlps.
Mubvunzo chete unosara ndewekuti nguva ingazokwanisa here kubatsira homwe yepasi kuti igadzirise shanduko yemamiriro ekunze kana kuti ichave imwezve kukundikana kwekutangazve. Tarisiro yedu yasara ndeye kudzikisa uye kumisa mhedzisiro yeshanduko yemamiriro ekunze kuitira kuti mammota nezvimwe zvipenyu zviri panjodzi vawane nguva yakawanda yekuenderana nezviitiko zvitsva izvo shanduko yemamiriro ekunze ichagadzira.