Mundima yemeteorology, iridescence dzinokonzerwa nechiitiko chinonzi iridescence. Iridescences zvigamba zvemavara zvisina kujairika mumakore ari pedyo nezuva kana kumwedzi. Ichi chiitiko chemaziso chinogona kutsanangurwa nechikamu kana chisina kukwana coronas, sezvo ivo vanogadzirwa neyakafanana mwenje diffraction process semadonhwe emvura.
Muchinyorwa chino tichataura zvakadzama kuti iridescences chii uye kuti ndeapi maficha avanawo mukuona.
Chii chinonzi iridescence
Kutenderera kwemakore, uye tambo dzawo dzakapfava dzinopenya, dzimwe nguva zvinotipa mukana wekuona kuratidzwa kwakanaka kweruvara. Iyo yakanaka iridescence inowanzoitika mumakore aripakati nepakati Imhaka yechiitiko chekusiyana kwechiedza, apo mwaranzi inobva kuzuva kana kumwedzi inorova pakona pamadonhwe emvura ane zviuru nezviuru zvemaaizi ehukuru hwakafanana.
Mairidescences haaparadzirwe mukati megore rose, kunyangwe chinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndechekuti mavara akarongwa mumabhandi anogara kumucheto kwegore, kunyangwe achigona kuoneka semavara. Iwo mavara akachena kwazvo, anosanganisa zvine hungwaru uye anobata mimvuri yegirinhi nepepuru pakati pemamwe mavara mune inooneka spectrum. Mumakore ari pakati nepakati, iridescence inowanzotora pearly texture. Makore ane mavara akajeka anowanzoitika pane zvaifungwa kare, kunyange zvazvo chiitiko ichi chemaziso chinowanzofuratirwa. Kupfeka magirazi ezuva kunobatsira kuvaona, kunyanya kana solar disk yakavharwa nemiti, zvivakwa, nezvimwe. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva ruvara rwacho rwakanyanya zvokuti zvakaoma kufuratira chiitiko chacho.
Kana kubva panzvimbo yedu zuva riri pedyo nemakore, chiedza chakasimba chichativhenekera uye kutidzivirira kuti tisaona ruvara kunze kwekunge tine magirazi ezuva ambotaurwa kana sefa yakakodzera, mune izvo zvatinozokundwa nekuratidzira kwemashiripiti kwechiedza uye. color . Kusimba kweakasiyana shades kunosiyana zvakanyanya, dzimwe nguva kuona kusanganiswa kwakakwana kwemavara akajeka uye akajeka zvikuru.
Iyo iridescence inokonzerwa nekuratidzwa kwakawanda kunoitwa nechiedza kana ichitora madonhwe madiki emvura yakatonhorera uye makristasi echando anoumba makore akakwirira uye epakati muref. Imwe yemakiyi eichi chiitiko chemaziso kuvepo kwemahydrometeors ehukuru hwakafanana. Chiitiko chekuvhiringidza chinokonzera kuparadzanisa mavara akasiyana pamasaisai atinoona, tichigadzirisa chiedza chinouya kuitira kuti chiratidzo chinobuda chikwidziridzwe mune dzimwe nzvimbo uye chinodzikisirwa mune dzimwe.
Isu tinogona chete kuona iridescence kana isu tamiswa pakona chaiyo maererano nenzvimbo yegore rakarigadzira. Mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana anogona kuitika panzvimbo yezvimwe zvinhu zvemazuva ese, semafuta emafuta, mabubbles esipo, kana mapapiro emamwe mashavishavi uye zvipembenene.
Optical mhedzisiro yeiridescence
Mhepo yedu inzvimbo yezvakasiyana zvinomiririra meteorological, mazhinji acho ari optical phenomena, akagadzirwa nekusangana kwechiedza chezuva nemadonhwe emvura mumhepo yakatarisana, kuitira kuti nzvimbo yedu ive neruvara kuburikidza nekuramba. Pakati peizvi, tinogona kutumidza halo, murarabungu, masikati neusiku, iridescent.
Iyo iridescence, kunyanya, haina coronal symmetry, inoratidza kupararira, zvigamba zvisina kukwana zveruvara mumakore kana mitsetse yeruvara kumucheto.. Kubva pasi, semuenzaniso, vanocherekedza vanoona miraraungu pachinzvimbo chekorona kana makore ari madiki kuti agadzire symmetrical coronal loops, kana Zuva kana Mwedzi risiri kuseri kwegore.
Makore ari mugwara imhaka yechiedza chezuva chinopinda mumadonhwe madiki emvura kana kunyange tukristaro tudiki tweaizi anoumba makore aya, ayo anobvisa mwaranzi yezuva. Iwo makristasi makuru echando anogadzira halos, ayo anokonzerwa nerefraction pane iridescence. Yakasiyanawo nemiraraungu inokonzerwa ne refraction mumadonhwe makuru nekuda kwechikonzero chimwe chete. Kana chikamu chegore chine madonhwe kana makristasi ehukuru hwakafanana, kuunganidzwa kwechiitiko ichi kunogona kuita kuti vatore ruvara rwavo.
Ichi chiitiko chemuchadenga chinowanzo vhiringika nemuraraungu, asi chokwadi chiri chiitiko chakasiyana kwazvo, kunyangwe chakaumbwa pasi pemamiriro akafanana. Ruvara runoonekwa mumuraraungu runotsamira pakukura kwedonhwe uye kona panobva munhu anoriona.
iridescent mavara
Bhuruu rinoumba mhete yemukati yekorona inowanzova ruvara rukuru, asi tsvuku uye girini inogonawo kuonekwa. Kupenya kwemuvara kunowedzera nekufanana kwenhamba uye hukuru hwemadonhwe. Sezvakaita korona, madiki, kunyange madonhwe anoburitsa zvakanakisa zvinoonekwa mhedzisiro.
Mavara emurarabungu mune inooneka spectrum anosanganisira ese mavara anogona kugadzirwa newavelength imwe yechiedza chinooneka, kureva, mavara eiyo yakachena kana monochromatic spectrum. iyo inooneka spectrum haipedze mavara ayo vanhu vanogona kusiyanisa. Mavara akaomeswa sepingi kana violet misiyano semagenta haigone kudzokororwa nehuremu humwe chete.
Kunyangwe iyo spectrum ichienderera, saka hapana chena nzvimbo pakati peimwe ruvara uye imwe, iwo mitsara iri pamusoro inogona kushandiswa sekufungidzira. Kufanana nechinhu chipi nechipi chakavhenekerwa, munyaya iyi, madonhwe emvura akaturikwa mumhepo anotora chikamu chemagetsi emagetsi uye anoratidza mamwe ese. Mafungu anoratidzwa anotorwa neziso uye anodudzirwa muuropi semavara akasiyana-siyana zvichienderana neavelengths anoenderana, uye murarabungu ndeimwe yemuenzaniso unozivikanwa werudzi urwu rwechiitiko chemaziso.
Makore akanaka kune iridescence
Kuti chiitiko ichi chiitike, kunze kwekuitika kwechiedza uye madonhwe emvura, chinhu chakanaka chegore chinodiwa, mune iyi nyaya ichangobva kuumbwa altostratus kana altocumulus makore anopa mamiriro akanakisa eiridescence. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti solar iridescents ine mamwe mavara ane simba, asi nguva zhinji kusimba kwechiedza kunoita kuti vasaonekwa. Kusiyana neizvi, chiedza chemwedzi chinobudisa mavara akareruka, kunyange zvazvo aya ari nyore kusiyanisa.
Mumhepo yedu, chiitiko ichi chinogonawo kuitika mune mamwe mamiriro, kuwedzera kune zvimwe zvinhu, senge contrails yakasiiwa nendege. Mhedzisiro yemaroketi mumhepo yepamusoro inogona kuburitsa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvinoshamisa uye zvinoshamisa mhedzisiro.
Kana roketi richifamba nepamusoro pemhepo, mhute yemvura inobva mupositi yayo inopenya kuumba tukristaro tudiki twechando. Makristasi anosiyanisa chiedza chezuva chiri kubuda kuti abudise mavara akajeka. Kune zvakare kuumbwa kwegore kwakada kufanana neiridescence, iyo polar stratospheric makore, inozivikanwawo semaparera emakore kana amai-ve-maparera makore, ari makore eakajeka pastel hues.
Iwo akaumbwa nediki makristasi echando ayo dzinoumba paurefu hwemakiromita ari pakati pe15 ne30 patembiricha inenge -50 °C. Makristasi ayo echando anoita seanokonzeresa magasi egreenhouse anoburitswa neaerosols.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve iridescence uye maitiro ayo.