La inflationary theory yezvakasikwa izano resainzi rinotsvaga kutsanangura zvakavanzika zvemavambo uye kushanduka kwekutanga kwepasi. Yakatsanangurwa muma1980 nenyanzvi yefizikisi Alan Guth uye kubva ipapo yakagamuchirwa zvakanyanya nesaenzi nharaunda setsananguro inogutsa yenguva dzekutanga dzepasirese.
Muchinyorwa chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve inflationary theory, kuti inosanganisirei uye zvayakawana.
Chii chinonzi inflationary theory
Dzidziso yokukwira kwemitengo yakavakirwa papfungwa yokuti chadenga chakaona kuwedzera kwakakurumidza uye kwakakurumidza zvikuru munguva dzazvo dzokutanga, pashure peBig Bang. Kuwedzera uku, kunozivikanwa se cosmic inflation, kwaizodai kwakaitika muchidimbu chesekondi uye kungadai kwakakurumidza zvikuru kupfuura kumwe kukura kupi nokupi munhau yechisiko chapose pose.
Dzidziso yokukwira kwemitengo inobva pakuongorora uye umboo hwakasiyana-siyana hwenyeredzi, kusanganisira kufanana uye kufanana kwechadenga pamwero mukuru, kuvapo kwekuchinja-chinja kwemwaranzi yechadenga, uye kuparadzirwa kwemapoka enyeredzi muchadenga. Maererano nedzidziso yokukwira kwemitengo, aya mavara echisiko chapose pose anogona kutsanangurwa nokukwira kwemitengo yomuchadenga.
Cosmic inflation ingadai yakakonzerwa nemhando isingazivikanwi yesimba inonzi inflationary energy, iyo kungadai kwakagadzira simba rinosembura rakasimba zvikuru ringadai rakasunda kukura kwechisiko chapose pose. Pashure pechikamu chepasekondi, simba rokukwira kwemitengo ringadai rakanyangarika, zvichiita kuti chisiko chapose pose chirambe chichikura pamwero unononoka, unoramba uripo.
Mhando huru
Dzidziso yokukwira kwemitengo izano recosmological rinotsanangura kuti chadenga chakaita sei chikamu chekuwedzera kukuru munguva dzazvo dzokutanga kuvapo. Yakagadzirwa mu1980s neboka re theoretical physics inotungamirwa naAlan Guth naAndrei Linde., uye kubvira ipapo yave ichigamuchirwa zvakafara nenzanga yesayenzi setsananguro inopwisa zvikuru yemavambo echisiko chapose pose.
Chimwe chinhu chikuru chedzidziso yokukwira kwemitengo ndechokuti inokarakadza kuti denga rakawedzera nokukurumidza zvikuru uye nokukurumidza mukati mechikamu chesekondi pashure peBig Bang. Kuwedzera uku kungadai kwakasundwa nechimiro chesimba chairo chinonzi inflationary energy, icho chingadai chakakonzera kusikwa kwechisiko chose chinocherechedzwa.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha cheiyo inflationary theory ndechekuti inoratidzira kuti inflation simba rakakurumidza kupera mushure mekuwedzera kwekutanga, zvichibvumira denga kuti ripinde zvishoma nezvishoma, zvishoma nezvishoma chikamu chekuwedzera chakaenderera kusvika nhasi. Uyezve, dzidziso yekukwira kwemitengo inoratidza kuti kuwedzera uku kwekutanga ingadai yakakonzera kuumbwa kwezvimiro zvakakura muchisiko chapose pose.
Kukosha kweiyo inflationary theory
Kukosha kwedzidziso yekukwira kwemitengo kuri munzvimbo dzakawanda. Kutanga kwazvose, inotsanangura kuti chadenga chakasvika sei pakuva chakafanana muchimiro chazvo pamwero mukuru. Kukwira kwemitengo kusati kwaitika, chadenga chaifungidzirwa kuti chine nyonganyonga, paine musiyano mukuru mukuwanda uye tembiricha yezvinhu munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Inflation inobvumira kuchinja uku kuti kuwedzere uye kutsetseka kuitira kuti nyaya iwedzere kupararira.
Chechipiri, dzidziso yokukwira kwemitengo inofanotaura kuvapo kwemafungu esimba rinokwevera zvinhu muchadenga, izvo zvakasimbiswa necherechedzo dzichangobva kuitika. Aya masaisai akakosha nekuti anopa humbowo hwakananga hwekutanga kukwira kwemitengo uye anogona kubatsira kunzwisisa zviri nani chimiro chegiravhiti uye zvinhu zviri muchadenga.
Chechitatu, dzidziso yokukwira kwemitengo inogonawo kubatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko mune dzimwe nzvimbo dze theoretical fizikisi, senge particle fizikisi uye quantum cosmology. Somuenzaniso, inogona kutsanangura chikonzero nei chisiko chapose pose chichiratidzika kuva chine simba rerima rinoramba riripo, iro rakaoma kutsanangura mune dzimwe dzidziso.
Dzidziso yeInflationary yakakosha nekuti inotibatsira kunzwisisa zviri nani pasi nekugadzirisa matambudziko munzvimbo dzakasiyana dze theoretical physics. Pamusoro pezvo, bvunzo dzekutarisa uye dzekuyedza yedzidziso yekukwira kwemitengo yakasimbisa chivimbo chedu mukutendeseka kwefizikisi yemazuva ano.
matambudziko anogadzirisa
Inflation inogadzirisa matambudziko akati wandei muBig Bang cosmology yakataurwa kuma 1970. Matambudziko aya anomuka kubva pakuona kuti kufanana nechadenga nhasi, denga rinofanirwa kutanga kubva kune "special" kana kuti madiki kwazvo ekutanga mamiriro. Yakatenderedza Big Bang. Kukwira kwemitengo kunopedza matambudziko aya nekupa nzira ine simba inounza chadenga kumamiriro ezvinhu aya, zvichiita kuti chadenga chive chakafanana neyedu maererano nedzidziso yebig bang.
cosmic inflation inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa heterogeneity, anisotropy, uye curvature yenzvimbo. Izvi zvinosiya chisikwa chiri muchimiro chakareruka umo chinotongwa zvizere nemunda we inflaton, iyo chete yakakosha heterogeneity iri iyo isina kusimba quantum kushanduka mu inflaton. Kuwedzeredza uku zvakare kunonamisa exotic inorema zvimedu, senge magineti monopoles akafanotaurwa neakawanda ekuwedzera eiyo Standard Model ye particle physics. Kudai Chisiko chapose pose chaipisa zvakakwana kuti chigadzire zvimedu zvakatangira kukwira kwemitengo yakadaro, zvingadai zvisina kucherechedzwa muchisiko nemhaka yokuti hazviwanzoitiki zvokuti zvimwe hazviwaniki muChadenga chinocherekedza zvachose. Pamwe chete mhedzisiro iyi inozivikanwa se "inflationary no-hair theorem", yakafanana neiyo-hair theorem yemakomba matema.
Iyo "no hair theorem" inonyanya kukonzerwa nekuti chadenga chakawedzera nechinhu chikuru panguva yekuwedzera kwayo. Muchadenga chiri kukura, kuwanda kwesimba kunowanzoderera sezvo huwandu hwechadenga hunowedzera. Semuenzaniso, kuwanda kwezvinhu zvakajairwa "zvinotonhora" (guruva) zvakapesana nevhoriyamu: kana chiyero chemutsara chakapetwa kaviri, kuwanda kwesimba kunoderedzwa kasere. Sezvo denga richikura, kupenya kwesimba kunowedzera kuderera zvakanyanya: kana mutsara chiyero chakapetwa kaviri, inopenya simba density inodonha kagumi nenhanhatu. Munguva yekukwira kwemitengo, kuwanda kwesimba mumunda weinflation kunenge kwakamira. Nekudaro, kuwanda kwesimba reheterogeneity, curvature, anisotropy, uye exotic particles iri kudzikira, uye nekuwedzera kwakakwana, vanova vasina basa. Izvi zvakasiya nyika isina chinhu, yakati sandara, ine symmetrical, iyo yakazadza nemwaranzi apo kuwedzera kwakapera.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve inflation theory uye maitiro ayo.