El Nyanga ye africa inzvimbo huru yenyika inosvika kure nechekumabvazuva kwekondinendi yeAfrica. Iri pakati peIndia Ocean kumabvazuva uye Gulf yeAden kuchamhembe, ichitambanuka mazana emakiromita muGungwa reArabia. Pakazere, Nyanga yeAfrica inofungidzirwa kuti inofukidza nzvimbo inopfuura 772,200 square mamaira, mazhinji ayo ane semi-yakaoma kune yakaoma mamiriro ekunze. Pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma munzvimbo dzakawanda dzenharaunda iyi, munguva pfupi yapfuura yakafungidzirwa kuti vagari venharaunda iyi vangangoita mamiriyoni 90,2.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve Nyanga yeAfrica, maitiro ayo, hupfumi uye curiosities.
Nyanga yeAfrica chii uye inowanika kupi
Dunhu iri riri kuWest Africa uye rinoonekwa serimwe rematunhu ane hurombo pasi rose. Nzara yagara ichityisidzira upenyu hwevanhu. Iyi inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo nzvimbo yakatangira vanhu.
Nyanga yeAfrica iri kuchamhembe kweAfrica uye ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzisina kugadzikana pasi rose. Inoumbwa nenyika sere dzakasiyana: Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda, South Sudan, neDjibouti. Inzvimbo inofarira masimba eEuropean neAmerica nekuti kwairi kwakakosha kwakakosha pakutengeserana kwemugungwa, matangi emafuta uye kutakura zvinhu.
Nyanga yeAfrica yakatumidzwa zita rechimiro chayo chetriangular. Nhoroondo yaro inodzokera kunyika dzeAfrica dziri muEthiopia, Eritrea neYemen, uye yakatanga pakati peXNUMXrd neXNUMXth century. Kare, yaishandiswawo senzvimbo yezviwanikwa, kuburikidza nenzendo dzekuongorora mura, zvinonhuwira, uye zvinonhuhwirira. Nzvimbo iyi pari zvino inonzi iri mudambudziko renguva refu. Pasinei nekukosha kwehuwandu hwevanhu, hondo mbiri huru dzakaitika ikoko, hondo pakati peEthiopia neSomalia, uye hondo pakati peEthiopia neEritrea.
Nzvimbo iyi inowanzokanganiswa nekusanaya kwemvura kana mafashamu uye dambudziko rekubatsira vanhu munharaunda iyi rakaipisisa. Pakati pa1982 na1992, nzara uye hondo yakauraya vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni maviri.
Mhando huru
Mamiriro akatanhamara eNyanga yeAfrica ndeaya anotevera:
- Musiyano mukuru ndewekuti kune mapani akaoma uye nzvimbo dzakadzika dzinonzi Ethiopian Highlands, iyo yakakamurwa kuita mativi maviri nemipata yakatsemuka.
- Iye zvino, nyanga iyi ine zvinomera zvakawanda, zvakadai seheather, uswa, uye maruva maduku eyero anowanzozivikanwa seSt.
- Kunyangwe mazhinji edunhu ari semi-aid kana yakaoma, the rift Valley inoratidzirwa nenhevedzano yemakomo nemakomo.
- Gomo reSimien nderimwe remakomo makuru uye akakosha zvikuru atinogona kuwana.
- Kunyange zvazvo mhuka dzakawanda dzichishandisa nzvimbo iyi semusha wadzo, kusanganiswa kwemamiriro ekunze akaoma uye mamiriro ekunze kunogadzira mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma pakubereka kwemhuka.
- MuNyanga yeAfrica mune mhuka dzakawanda dzinokambaira kupfuura dzimwe nzvimbo dzekondinendi yeAfrica.
- Kuwana mvura kunokurudzira mhuka dzesango mumapani, nokuti zhinji dzeNyanga yeAfrica dzinowana mvura shoma zvikuru yegore negore.
- Kumadokero nepakati peEtiopia nenzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba kweEritrea, mvura zhinji yemwaka wemonsoon inowedzera kunaya kwegore negore.
Nyanga yeAfrica inoumbwa nenyika dzinoti Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Uganda, neDjibouti.
Economy nemakakatanwa muNyanga yeAfrica
Dambudziko rehupfumi muNyanga yeAfrica rakanyanya kukonzerwa nekusanaya kwemvura kwakatevedzana kwakaikanganisa, zvichikonzera dambudziko rekudya rakaipisisa. nyika yakararama uye yakakonzera nzara yekutanga yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Kushomeka kwezvokudya kunokonzera kurwara uye kusateerera, uye kupinda mumigwagwa kwakaoma nevavakidzani vari kuedza kutiza kunotungamirira kukutsvikinyidzana nemigumisiro yakakomba.
Pakati penyika dzinoumba Nyanga yeAfrica, Ethiopia ndiyo yave nyika yakakosha zvikuru nekuda kwehuwandu hwevanhu, kusimukira kwehupfumi uye basa rekudzikamisa dunhu. Ndiyo nyika yechipiri ine vanhu vakawanda muNyanga yeAfrica uye mutyairi mukuru wekugadzikana muNyanga yeAfrica. Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti Ethiopia yave mune imwe yehupfumi huri kukurumidza kukura muEast Africa.
Dunhu iri rave mudambudziko. Marudzi akasiyana anokwikwidzana nezvezviwanikwa nenzvimbo. Hondo iri kuitika munzvimbo iyi yauraya zviuru nezviuru zvevanhu, izvo zvave kureva kuti nyika haina rudzi rwehurumende yenyika inovatungamirira.
Pakati pemakakatanwa mumakoloni, tinogona kutaura:
- Hondo yekutanga yeItalo-Ethiopia
- Dervish resistance
- Hondo yechipiri yeItalo-Ethiopia
Munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yekutanga, mushandirapamwe weEast Africa wakaitika kuNyanga yeAfrica; munguva yeHondo Yenyika II kwaivawo nedanidziro yeEast Africa. Pakavewo nekukakavadzana kwakasiyana munzvimbo munguva dzazvino, semuenzaniso:
- Eritrea Hondo Yerusununguko
- Hondo yevagari veEthiopiya
- Ogaden War
- Hondo yevagari veDjibouti
- Hondo yeEthiopiya neEritrea
- Hondo yevagari veSomalia
Nzara uye piracy
Dambudziko rechikafu munyika yeNyanga yeAfrica rinonzi nzara yakaipisisa kubva kuma1960. Sangano reUnited Nations rakazivisa nzvimbo iyi nechenjedzo, uye zvinonzwisisika kuti vanhu vanenge miriyoni vakafa nenzara. Kushaikwa kwerubatsiro rwepasi rose, matambudziko ekuchengetedzwa kwenyika uye kukakavara kunoita kuti zviome kupindurwa kwevanhu uye rubatsiro kubuda.
Kusanaya kwemvura nderimwe rematambudziko makuru, dzimwe nzvimbo hadzina kunaya kweanenge makore maviri. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti zvipfuyo nezvirimwa zvirasikirwe zvokonzera nzara nezvirwere.
Vane ruzivo nezviri kuitika vanoti kana zvikasatorwa matanho nechimbichimbi, nzara iyi ichapararira kune dzimwe nyika dzinoumba Nyanga yeAfrica. Kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, kukwira kwemitengo yezvimwe zvinhu uye kupindira kwemapoka evapanduki kwapinza dunhu iri mudambudziko rakawanda zuva nezuva..
Iri idambudziko rinoramba riripo uye kutyisidzira mukutakura kwepasirese uye kubata hove mabasa ikoko. Yakatumira mauto ekufamba pamwe chete neUnited States akamirira European Union. Kubva 2011, kunyangwe paine kudzikira, dambudziko harina kupedzwa zvachose.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Nyanga yeAfrica uye maitiro ayo.