Imwe yemahombekombe ine zvipenyu zvakasiyana siyana muGungwa reMediterranean ndiyo gomba reshumba. Inzvimbo yakapamhamha yegungwa iri iri pamhenderekedzo yejecha yekumaodzanyemba kweFrance matunhu eOccitania neProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. Iri gapu rinozivikanwa kwete chete kune iro geology, asi nekuti inogara chikamu chechina chemarudzi ese anowanikwa muGungwa reMediterranean.
Naizvozvo, isu tiri kuzotsaurira chinyorwa ichi kukuudza iwe zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezveGulf yeLeón, hunhu hwayo uye zvipenyu zvirimo.
Mhando huru
Iyo Gulf yeLeón yakaparadzaniswa kubva kumabvazuva neiyo delta yakaumbwa nekongano yeRwizi Rwizi uye Gungwa reMediterranean pakati pekumabvazuva neCôte d'Azur. Muganhu waro wekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero ndipo panosangana maPyrenees neGungwa reMediterranean, France neSpain, Yakaparadzaniswa neCosta Brava muCatalonia.
Iyo pasherefu pasherefu inofumurwa pano sebani rakakura remahombekombe, uye nzvimbo yemahombekombe inotsvedza nekukurumidza yakananga kubani remvura yakadzika yeMediterranean. Mhenderekedzo inoratidzirwa neinenge irambe ichienderera iripo tambo dzemadziva uye akawanda madziva. Mamwe mapasuru, kunyanya limestone, akaganhurwa neaya mahombe mahombe.
Chiteshi chikuru cheiyi bay Marseille, ichiteverwa neToulon. Ihove mudunhu reGulf inotongwa nekodhi, kunyanya kudzika pasi, asi parizvino iri kudzikira nekuda kwekuwandisa hove. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo inotonhora inotonhora, ine mhepo yekudonha iri pasi, inonzi mhepo yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kana mhepo yemistral. Nzizi huru dzinoyerera dzichipinda muGulf ndiyo Tech (84,3 km), Têt (120 km), Aude (224 km), Orb (145 km), Hérault (160 km), Vidourle (85 km) uye Rhone (812 km) ).
Bay yeLeón haisi nyore kungoita muganho wenyika, asi mhedzisiro yeboka reOligocene-Miocene Corsican-Sardinian rinotenderera richitenderedza wachi kurwisa Europa Craton. Kuwedzera uku yakagadzirisa patsva mamiriro akaomarara akagarwa nhaka kubva mukushanduka kwaTethys uye nePyrenean orogeny. Iko orogenic kufamba kweEocene kwakakonzera kuoneka kwePyrenees kumanikidza uye kutetepa iro rese goko. MaGeologist anofungidzira kuti kuchave nemashoma emahombekombe emahombekombe emahombekombe kumucheto kweiyo bay.
Biodiversity yeGulf yeLeón
Iyo inozivikanwa nekusiyana kweacosystem yayo, uye hupfumi hwayo hwezvinhu zvipenyu hunotsamira pane yakawanda plankton senzvimbo yekudya kune vazhinji hove uye cetaceans. Iyo LIC chikumbiro inovimbisa kudzivirirwa kwayo uye kuteedzera kwayo kunopa chinzvimbo chisingaenzanisike chekutsanangura kushanduka kwenzvimbo dzinonzwisisika uye zvipenyus.
HUPENYU + INDEMARES chirongwa chakarongedzwa neBiodiversity Foundation cheBazi rezvekurima, Chikafu uye Nharaunda - ayo mhedzisiro yakaziviswa muna Kubvumbi wegore rapfuura - yasimbisa kuti canyon iri pasi pemvura yeBay of León ine Gungwa reMediterranean.
Ngarava yegungwa yepasi pegungwa inzvimbo yemumakungwa inosanganisira iyo shefu yeCap de Creus kondinendi neCap de Creus neRacaze-Duthiers makoronga ari pamusoro pesherufu renyika dzeFrance. Iyo yegungwa nzvimbo ine anopfuura 987 mativi emakiromita uye akasarudzika enharaunda maitiro Iyo inodzivirirwa nezano rayo seSiti yeCommunity Kukosha (SCI). Kuongorora kwaro kunopa chimiro chisingaenzaniswi che tsanangura kushanduka kwenzvimbo dzinonzwisisika uye zvipenyu, zvakasanganiswa nekudzivirira. Zvimwe zviitiko zvehupfumi zvemuno nekuti ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzinobudirira kwazvo muMediterranean.
Ngarava yepasi pegungwa canyon iri kumucheto kwekumabvazuva kweIberian Peninsula yese uye ine marudzi angangosvika zviuru zviviri nemazana maviri, iyo inomiririra chikamu chechina chezvisikwa zvakanyorwa muMediterranean.
Iyo nzvimbo inopa akasiyana siyana ecosystems munzvimbo ine diki nzvimbo: yemahombekombe ecosystems, shefu uye yakatenuka ecosystems, uye iri pasi pemvura canyon nzanga, saka ine ine yakakwira dhigirii yezvisikwa zvipenyu. Hupfumi hukuru hwenzvimbo ino zvinokonzeresa kuwanda kweplankton, ine nhanho yekudyara yehove dzinokosha dzekutengesa dzakadai secod uye krill, inova zvakare sosi yekudya kwehove zhinji nema cetaceans.
Habitat yemarudzi akasiyana-siyana eGulf of Leon
Madrepora oculata naLophelia pertusa, imwe yenzvimbo dzakanakisisa dzemvura inotonhorera muMediterranean, inowanikwa mumakungwa emvura ari pasi peCap de Creus. Nekuti kumanikidzwa kwezviitiko zvevanhu, idzi mhando dzakanyangarika kumwe kunhu.
Akatsemurwa ma dolphin uye mapapiro emhasuru zvakajairika munzvimbo ino, uko mabhodhoro emabhodhoro anoonekwawo munzvimbo dzakajairika dzekugara. Iyo gorge zvakare inokosha pekugara kune yakakosha shiri nhamba. Pakati pavo, iyo shearwater yeMediterranean inomira pachena, inogona kuoneka muzuva rimwe chete kusvika kumazana chiuru nemazana ematanhatu, pamwe chete neyakaipisisa Balearic shearwater. Munguva yechando, tern-footed terns yakawanda mumvura yekanyoni, pamwe neAudouin's gulls uye Atlantic gannets.
Iyi inzvimbo yekugara dzakasiyana uye nharaunda yegungwa zvakare musha kune mamwe marudzi emhuka ane hupenyu hwakasiyana zvakasiyana, senge filter feeders, suspensivores, detritivores, scavengers uye vavhimi. Ivo vese vanobatsirwa neakakwira kubereka kugadzirwa kwemvura dzegungwa dzeGulf yeLeón.
Iyi mhando yakapfuma inopindura kune akati wandei ezvinhu, izvi zvinhu zvinoratidzika zvisina kujairika panguva imwe chete munzvimbo yegungwa yekumadokero canyon system yeGulf yeShumba, uye kukosha kwayo kukuru kwezvakatipoteredza kunoita kuti ive nhaka yechisikigo yeEurope.
Kuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi
Kana isu tichida kuchengetedza zvisikwa zviripo mune izvi zvakasikwa ecosystem, zvakakosha kuunza mitemo inodzora huwandu hwezviitiko zvinogona kuitwa. Imwe yenzira dzekuwedzera ruzivo kuvanhu ndeyekudzidzisa zvakatipoteredza. Kutenda kwazviri tinokwanisa kuendesa kune vanhu kukosha kwekuchengetedza uye kukosha kwenzvimbo idzi dzekuchengetedza kwavo kwenguva refu. Chinangwa chekupedzisira ndechekugona kuchengetedza iyo ecosystem uye nekuenderera mberi kutora zviwanikwa pasina chikonzero chekushatisa nzvimbo dzepanyama dzemarudzi ese ataurwa pamusoro.
Sezvauri kuona, iyo Gulf yeShumba yakapfuma kwazvo mune zvipenyu uye kuchengetedzwa kwayo kwakakosha. Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveGulf yeShumba uye nehunhu hwayo.