El glacial Arctic Ocean Ndiyo inowanikwa munzvimbo yekuchamhembe kwepasi redu. Ndakautora segungwa rinotonhorera sezvo yakawanda yemvura yakafukidzwa nehukuru hwakawanda hweaizi. Nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze izvi zviri kuchinja. Iwo echando machira ari kunyunguduka zvakanyanya uye nekuwedzera, achipa ese mafomu ehupenyu anoenderana neaya mamiriro akaomarara asingakwanise kurarama.
Muchikamu chino tiri kukuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezveArctic glacial ocean, hunhu hwayo nemhuka.
Mhando huru
Musiyano mukuru pakati peiyi neAntarctic Ocean ndeyekuti ine rakafararira rekondinendi panowanikwa chando. Sezvo chando chichienderera mberi nekunyungudika pamwero uyu, Antarctica ichaita kuti mwero wegungwa ukwire. Iyo Arctic glacial yegungwa haina kondinendi pasherefu, inongova nemvura yechando. Izvi zvakakonzera marara echando kuyangarara mukati memvura yepakati. Aya matombo makuru echando akakomberedzwa negungwa rese muzhizha uye munguva yechando, uye mvura painotonhora, inowedzera mukukora.
Inowanikwa kuchamhembe hemisphere padyo neArctic Circle. Inotenderwa kunzvimbo dziri padyo neAsia, Europe, uye North America. Inoyambuka Atlantic Ocean kuburikidza neStritit yeFram uye neBarents Sea. Iyo zvakare inopinda muPacific Ocean kuburikidza neBering Strait uye nemahombekombe egungwa eAlaska, Canada, kuchamhembe kweEurope, neRussia.
Kudzika kwayo kukuru kuri pakati pe2000 uye 4000 metres. Iyo ine nzvimbo izere yeinosvika 14.056.000 mativi emakiromita.
Kuumbwa uye mamiriro ekunze eArctic glacial ocean
Kunyangwe kuumbwa kwegungwa iri kusiri kunyatsonzwisiswa, zvinofungidzirwa kuti rakaumbwa kare kare. Mamiriro ekunze ekunze anoita kuti kudzidza gungwa iri kuome. Eskimo vakagara pano kwemakore angangoita zviuru makumi maviri. Vanhu ava vanoziva maitiro ekuenderana nemamiriro ekunze ekunyanyisa enzvimbo idzi. Vakapfuudza ruzivo rwunodiwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kuchizvarwa kuti vakwanise kujairana nehupenyu munzvimbo idzi.
Mafossil anowanikwa mugungwa iri anoratidza humbowo hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwakagwamba nechando. Inofungidzirwa kuti angangoita mamirioni makumi manomwe emakore apfuura, mamiriro ayo aive akafanana neanowanikwa muMediterranean nhasi. Paive panguva dzedzimwe nguva uye nguva apo gungwa iri rakawanikwa zvachose pasina chando.
Ivhareji tembiricha yegungwa iri munguva yechando inodonha kusvika -50 madhigirii, zvichiita kuti zviome kurarama munzvimbo ino. Mamiriro ekunze eku polar ndeimwe inotonhorera pasi pano, iyo inoshandura kuita yakanyanya kana kushomeka uye yakadzika kwazvo tembiricha yegore. Inonyanya kuve yakakamurwa kuita mwaka miviri, mwaka wega wega unenge mwedzi mitanhatu. Tichaongorora zviteshi zviviri zviri muArctic Ocean:
- Zhizha: Mumwedzi yezhizha, iyo tembiricha inochinja ichitenderedza 0 degrees, uye kune kuenderera kwezuva kubva kuzuva maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva. Kune zvakare chando chinopfuurira chando chinodzivirira chando kuti chisanyungudike zvachose. Kubva kutanga kwezhizha, pachave nemhepo ine simba isina mvura nemvura kana chando.
- Nguva yechando: Iyo tembiricha inosvika -50 madhigirii, uye kune husiku husingaperi. Panguva ino yegore, zuva harioneke chero nguva. Denga rakajeka uye mamiriro ekunze akadzikama. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti hapana pesheni kubva kuzuva.
Hatifanirwe kukanganwa kuti chikonzero chikuru chekuvapo kwemeteorological phenomena chiitiko chezuva. Naizvozvo, munguva yechando, mamiriro ekunze akatsiga kwazvo. Nekuda kwemhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kudziya kwepasirese, tembiricha yemwedzi yezhizha iri kuwedzera nekuwedzera, zvichikonzera kunyungudika kwakazara kweArctic Ocean yese.
Maruva nemhuka dzegungwa reArctic
Kunyangwe iri gungwa riri mumamiriro akaipisisa, kuchine mhuka zhinji dzinoyamwisa dzinoenderana nenzvimbo idzi. Mazhinji ane furhu chena, iyo inogona kuzvifukidza yega uye kumira chando. Kune angangoita mazana mana emhando dzemhuka dzakashanduka kutonhora kwakanyanya kwenzvimbo iyi. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yeiyi ndeyekuti isu tine marudzi matanhatu ezvidhindo neshumba dzegungwa, mhando dzakasiyana dzehove nemapere epolar, anonyanya kuzivikanwa.
Kune zvakare madiki mamollusk anonzi krill, ayo anoita basa rakakosha muparamende yezvisikwa zvegungwa. Miriwo yacho ishoma kwazvo, iine husina moss kana lichen. Chando chakaumbwa muArctic Ocean idombo hombe rakagwamba nechando. Kumusoro kwemitumbi isiri yemvura inopetwa kaviri muchando uye yakakomberedzwa nemvura yechando muzhizha. Aya makapu anowanzoita maviri kusvika matatu emamita gobvu uye ichigara ichifamba kuburikidza nemvura uye nemhepo yeSiberia. Pekupedzisira tinogona kuona kuti mamwe madzihwa echando anodhumhana pamwe chete uye akasangana zvakakwana. Izvi zvinogadzira rangi rakanyura iro hukobvu hwaro hunopetwa katatu kuwanda kwekapu yakaumbwa pakutanga.
Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti munyu wegungwa iri ndiwo wakaderera pasi. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti huwandu hwekushanduka kwemhepo hwakadzika kwazvo uye iyo yakanyungudutswa mvura nyowani inokanganisa huwandu hwekupisa.
Zvinotyisa
Inofungidzirwa kuti 25% yematura epasi rose emafuta, gasi rechisikigo, tini, manganese, goridhe, nickel, lead uye platinum zviri munyanza iyi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyungudika kunogona kushandisa zviwanikwa sesimba uye nzvimbo dzehunyanzvi dzakakosha kune ramangwana. Iyi gungwa ndiyo nzvimbo hombe yemvura yakachena pasi rose. Nyungudika yaro iri kukonzera kufa kwayo kuri pedyo.
Chando cheArctic chinoita sefiriji yepasi rose, inoratidza kupisa kwezuva muchadenga uye nekuchengetedza pasi kutonhorera. Kunyangwe izvo zvinoitika muArctic zvichizokanganisa nyika yese, iyi nzvimbo ndeimwe yevasina kudzivirirwa uye vari panjodzi yekutyisidzirwa kwakawanda.
Mumakore ekupedzisira e30, makota matatu emakungwa eActictiki anoyangarara akanyangarika. Kuparadzwa kwechando kwaita kuti Arctic glacial ocean ive nzvimbo inokodzera yekufamba uye yakariisa pachena kune hove huru uye kushandiswa kwemafuta, gasi rechisikigo uye zvicherwa. Aya mamiriro akaburitsa kukakavara kwakasiyana kwekufarira, kumwe kunetsana kwakakomba kwemauto.
Pamusoro pezve shanduko dzemuno dzinochinja hupenyu hweArctic nekurarama, kuchave ne'kusvika kure 'kuchachinja matunhu akasiyana epasi, seSpain, uko kwatinogara kunokanganiswa nekuwedzera kwetembiricha .
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Arctic Ocean uye ayo maitiro.