Imwe yenzvimbo dzinozivikanwa dzemakomo pasi, iri muEurope, ndiwo Swiss Alps. Inotaridzika segomo refu kwazvo muEurope yese uye inosvika kune nyika sere. Inopfuura neAustria, France, Germany, Monaco, Switzerland, Slovenia, Italy uye Liechtenstein. Aya makomo anotora nzvimbo yakakosha mune jogirafi yenyika idzi, uye tsika zhinji dzakatangira mugomo iri.
Naizvozvo, isu tichaisa iyi chinyorwa kukuudza zvese hunhu, mavambo uye geology yeSwitzerland Alps.
Mhando huru
Nzvimbo ine makomo ine runako runoshamisa uye yakagadzira tsika dzenyika zhinji. Iyi nharaunda inoonekwa mumakomo mazhinji nemataundi mudunhu uye ave nzvimbo inozivikanwa kwazvo yekushanya. Idzi nzvimbo dzinoita kusvetuka, kukwira makomo uye kufamba musango zviitiko, uye vanogamuchira vanopfuura mamirioni zana evashanyi gore rega rega.
Yekutanga inowanikwa munzvimbo chinhu chakakomberedza chemakiromita anopfuura mazana masere kumabvazuva kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweEurope. Inotambanuka kubva mudunhu reMediterranean kusvika kunzvimbo yeAdriatic. Inofungidzirwa svumbunuro yemamwe masisitimu emakomo senge maCarpathians nemaApennines. Pakati pemakomo ayo ese, tinogona kuwana Matterhorn, Monte Rosa Massif uye iyo Dom.Mont Blanc ndiyo yepamusoro soro, uye Matterhorn ingangove inonyanya kuzivikanwa nechimiro chayo. Hunhu hwese uhwu hunoita kuti Alps yeSwiss ifungidzwe seimwe yenzvimbo dzinozivikanwa dzemakomo pasi rese.
Kwakatangira izwi rekuti Alps ikozvino kwajeka. Inogona kubva kuCeltic, zvinoreva kuti chena kana refu. Izwi rinouya rakananga kubva kuLatin Alps, ichipfuura nemuFrance. Kubva iyo yekupedzisira Paleolithic kusvika parizvino, nzvimbo yese yeAlps yave iri nzvimbo yakagara madzinza mazhinji. MuTestamente iwe unogona kuona kuti chiKristu chakafambira mberi sei muEurope uye mamonari akati wandei akagadzwa mugomo. Mamwe acho akavakirwa pakakwirira uye misha inogona kukura yakatenderedza.
Nhoroondo inotitaurira kuti kupinda mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzezvitendero nenzvimbo, maSwiss Alps akarangarirwa semhinganidzo isingakundiki. Nekuda kwemazhinji avalanche uye nenzvimbo dzisinganzwisisike, ivo vanoonekwa senzvimbo dzine njodzi. Gare gare muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, tekinoroji yaigona kubvumira kutsvagurudza uye kutsvagisa.
Geology yeSwitzerland Alps
Makomo ese eAlps anopfuura makiromita chiuru nemazana maviri pakureba uye anowanikwa zvachose kuEuropean continent. Mimwe misoro iri pamusoro pemamita mazana matatu nemashanu pamusoro pegungwa uye kune zvinopfuura chiuru nemazana maviri echando. Iyo chando mwero ingangoita mazana maviri nemazana emamita, saka kune nzvimbo zhinji dzekushanya kwechando. Iwo makomo akafukidzwa zvachose nechando, achiumba makuru echando, uye kukwirira kunogara pamusoro pemamita mazana matatu nemazana mashanu. Girazi guru pane rimwe rinozivikanwa nezita rekuti Aletsch.
Inofungidzirwa musimboti wemamwe masisitimu emakomo, senge pre-Alpine panowanikwa nzvimbo yemakomo yeJura. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzemakomo dzinosvika kuHungary, Serbia, Albania, Croatia, Bosnia neHerzegovina, uye zvikamu zveMontenegro.
Kubva pakuona kwenyika, tinogona kupatsanura gomo iri kuita chikamu chepakati, chikamu chekumadokero, uye chikamu chekumabvazuva. Muchikamu chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu izvi kuzvikamu zvakasiyana kana subgroups yemakomo. Geologically, isu tinogona zvakare kusiyanisa maSwiss Swiss Alps, akapatsanurwa kubva kune mamwe matunhu nemipata yeValtelina, Pusteria neGailtal. Ku maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kune Maritime Alps padyo neGungwa reMediterranean, ichiumba muganho wepakati pakati peFrance neItari. Saizvozvo, Zvinonyatso kuzivikanwa kuti Mont Blanc iri pakati peFrance neItari uye ine chakareba kwazvo glacier muFrance. Chikamu chekumadokero chegomo iri chinosvika kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweSwitzerland.
Dzimwe dzenzizi huru mukondinendi yeEurope, senge Rhone, iyo Rhine, iyo Hainaut uye iyo Delaware, inotangira kana kuyerera kuburikidza neAlps uye isina chinhu muGungwa Dema, Mediterranean uye North Sea.
Kutanga uye kuumbwa kweSwitzerland Alps
Yakapihwa saizi yeiyo renji, kuumbwa kwayo chikamu chechikamu chakaomarara chezviitiko zve geological. Nyanzvi dzeGeological dzinofunga kuti zvinotora makore angangoita zana kuti unzwisise kuomarara kwezviitiko zvese zvegeological zvinotungamira kuSwiss Alps. Kana tikadzorera kwayakabva, tinogona kuona kuti iyo yekutanga yakaumbwa nekuda kwekukonana pakati peiyo eurasian ndiro neplate yeAfrica. Aya maviri tectonic mahwendefa akonzera kusagadzikana munzvimbo nenzvimbo. Maitiro acho anotora maviri kana anopfuura kuti apedze, achifukidza nhambo yenguva inogara mamirioni emakore.
Inofungidzirwa kuti ese aya orogenic mafambiro pakupedzisira yakatanga anenge mazana emamirioni emakore apfuura. Tectonic mahwendefa akatanga kukonona munguva yekupedzisira Cretaceous. Kubonderana kweaya maviri tectonic mahwendefa kwakakonzera kuvhara uye kutora nzvimbo zhinji dzenzvimbo dzinoenderana neTethys Ocean iri pakati pemahwendefa maviri. Kuvhara uye kutora pasi kwakaitika muMiocene neOligocene. Masayendisiti akakwanisa kuziva mhando dzakasiyana dzematombo ari pamahwendefa maviri echikamu ichi, ndosaka yakazove yakasimba zvakakwana kusimudza pasi nekugadzira iri gomo remakomo. Ivo zvakare vakakwanisa kutsvaga zvimwe zvikamu zvegungwa rekare reTethys Ocean.
Flora nemhuka
Chinangwa chikuru chekushanyirwa ndiyo maruva nemhuka mukuwedzera kune inoyevedza nharaunda. Kune zvakasikwa zvakasikwa zvakaita semakomo mawere, mipata, nzvimbo dzakakura dzehuswa, masango, uye mamwe materu. Iko kusungunuka kwemazaya echando kwaumba mamwe madziva uye pamusoro pemvura pane runyararo, izvo zvinoda kusimudzira kwemiti nemhuka.
Kune kusiyana kukuru munzvimbo idzi. Dzimwe mhando dzemakomo mbudzi dzemumakomo kana mbudzi dzemusango. Kune dzimwe mhuka dzakadai semhembwe, mamota, hozhwa, zvipfukuto, nezvimwe zvisina mutsimba. Mushure memhumhi, bere, uye lynx zvakanyatso kubviswa nekuda kwekutyisidzira kwevanhu, ivo vari kudzokera kuSwiss Alps. Nekuda kwekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzechisikigo, zvinova zvinowoneka kwavari.
Mumaruva tinowana nzvimbo zhinji dzehuswa nemasango emakomo, nemipini mizhinji, miouki, firs uye mimwe maruva emusango.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve Swiss Alps uye ayo maitiro.