El Rwizi rweNile Iro rwizi rwenyika dzese, runopfuura makiromita zviuru zvitanhatu, runoyambuka nyika gumi kukondinendi yeAfrica. Kunyangwe yakagara ichionekwa serwizi rwakareba kupfuura dzimwe nyika, parizvino iri pachinzvimbo chechipiri, ichipfuurwa neAmazon mushure mekutsanangura kwayakabva. Yakagara iri yakakosha sosi yehupenyu kune vanogara mumupata wayo, ichipa hupfumi kubereka uye ichishandira kusimudzira kweyakare budiriro yeEjipitori. Iyo zvakare ine chekuita nehupfumi, tsika, kushanya uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva rekondinendi ye Africa.
Muchikamu chino tiri kukuudza nezvese hunhu, maruva, mhuka uye kukosha kwerwizi rweNile.
Mhando huru
Rwizi rweNile rwizi rwechipiri rwakareba rwizi pasi rose, hune hurefu hwese hwe6.853 makiromita. Nzira yayo yekuchamhembe nekumaodzanyemba inodarika gumi dzenyika dzemu Africa. Iine bheseni rinosvika 10 mamirioni emakiromita, ayo anotora zvishoma kupfuura gumi muzana yenzvimbo yepasi yeAfrica. Hupamhi hwayo hupamhi makiromita 2,8. Sezvo yakawanda yenzvimbo inoyerera rwizi Nile yakaoma nemvura shoma shoma. Rwizi urwu rwave rwizi rwekunze. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuyerera kwayo kwemvura kunobva mumvura uko mamiriro ekunze akakodzera kunaya.
Rwizi rwayo runosanganisira nzizi mbiri, White Nile River inomiririra 80% yadzo uye Rwizi rweBlue Nile inomiririra 20% yemwaka wemvura. Rwizi rweNire nderimwe remipata ine rwizi rwakaorera pasi rose, uye vagari venzvimbo ino vanogona kurima.
Pakave nemadzinza mazhinji aigara mumahombekombe ayo munhoroondo yese, Kunge siruk, nuer uye sufis. Nekuda kwekutenda kwavo kwakasiyana (maMuslim, maChristian Orthodox, maJuda, tsika dzeCoptic, nezvimwe zvitendero), vakararama munguva dzerunyararo nehondo.
Rwizi rweNire runotenderera uye kutendeuka, ruchiyerera mune dzimwe nzvimbo nekukura mune dzimwe. Unogona kusangana neapopoma munzira, kunyangwe ichikwanisa kufamba munzvimbo dzakasiyana, zvinonetsa kufamba nekuda kwekukasira kwayo mune zvimwe zvikamu.
Kunze kwemavara esiriki ayo anogona kuoneka munzira yeWhite Nile, Mvura yemurwizi inowanzoita bhuruu, mukusiyana zvakanyanya neyero yerenje uye neruvara rwemichindwe. Rwizi rwunoita zvitsuwa zvidiki, zvimwe zvacho zvinokwezva vashanyi.
Zvinotyisidzira uye kwainobva Rwizi rweNile
Kutyisidzira kukuru kune rwizi rwechipiri rurefu kwazvo pasirese kusvibiswa kwarinoita, nekuti kunyangwe paine kuyedza kudzika mirau yekudzora kuburitswa kwemarara mumvura dzayo, maindasitiri nemahotera zvinoramba zvichitambura nekuregeredzwa kwakadai.
Saizvozvowo, kuwedzera kwemvura kubva muRwizi rwaNire kunowedzera kuita kweiyi tsvina, kwete kungoisa panjodzi vanhu vanovimba nemvura yayo kuti vararame, asiwo kuisa panjodzi yezvisikwa zvinogara murwizi rweNile nenzvimbo dzakatipoteredza.
Kuzvarwa kwaro kwagara kuri nyaya ine nharo, nekuti kunyangwe vamwe vaongorori, vakadai saBurkhart Waldecker anobva kuGerman, vanoti rwizi Nile rwakazvarirwa murwizi rweKagera, vamwe vanotenda kuti rwakatanga muLake Victoria. Muzana ramakore rechipiri AD, zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvakabva kuRovenzori Glacier.
Matare emvura eRwizi Nile
Iko hakuna kuwiriranwa pane kunobva rwizi Nile, nekuti kunyangwe hazvo Lake Victoria yakakura, inopihwa nedzimwe nzizi dzakaita seRwizi Kagera kumadokero kweTanzania. Nekudaro, izvi zvinopihwawo nekwaanobvaRwizi rweRukarara (Rukarara), rwakazotumidzwa zita sezvo rwuchipinda munaKagera.
Imwe tsime reRwizi rweNile rwuri kure kure rwizi Luvyironza rwizi, runodira murwizi Ruvubu uye rwunobatana nerwizi rweKagera, robva rwadira muLake Victoria. Iyi ndiyo sosi yekare inozivikanwa uye inoramba iri imwe yenzvimbo huru kwazvo kumaodzanyemba kweNire.White Nile, inozivikanwawo seUpper Nile kana Upper Nile, inosangana neBlue Nile muKhartoum kana guta guru reSudan Khartoum. Panguva ino chikamu chepakati cheNire kana chikamu chepakati cheNire chinotanga.Nzira inoenda kubva Khartoum kuenda Aswan, nehurefu hwese hunosvika makiromita chiuru nemazana masere.
Chekupedzisira, rwizi Nile runopinda muGungwa reMediterranean nemumatanho aro, ichiumba iyo Nile River Delta, inova imwe yenzvimbo dzakakura kwazvo pasi rose. Inzvimbo yakakura uye yakaorera yekuchamhembe kweEjipitori, yaimbozivikanwa seLower Egypt, ine huwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu uye hwakakodzera kusimudzira kurima. Unogona kuona mepu yemuromo weRwizi rweNire pazasi.
Rwizi rweNile runowanzoenderana neEjipitori nemaguta aro, asi rwunoyerera nenyika gumi dzemuAfrica zvachose: Burundi, Tanzania, Rwanda, Uganda, Kenya, South Sudan, Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, uye Egypt pachayo.
Flora nemhuka
Kunyangwe hazvo mamiriro ekunze erwizi rweNile ari mamaira mashoma kubva murenje, mvura yaro yakaorera inobvumidza zvinomera zviri padyo kuti zviwande, haingoshandisirwe zvinangwa zvekurima chete, asi zvakare indekisi yayo hombe ndeyezvirimwa zvemupumburu, ndosaka yakashandiswa pasati pawanikwa mapepa.
Pamusoro pezvo, nzvimbo iyi ine mukurumbira nehuswa hwayo hukuru nemhando dzakareba-refu dzakadai setsanga nemishenjere. Mhando dzemiti dzinowanikwa munzira dzinosanganisira spiny Hasab, ebony, uye prairie acacia, iyo inogona kusvika kusvika gumi nemana pakureba.
Rwizi rwaNire rwakasanganisa zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye rwakachinjika kumamiriro ekugara ane tembiricha yakakwira. Mammamal anosanganisira mvuu, nzou, twiza, okapi, nyati, nembada.
Mhando dzakadai seye grey herons, gull gulls, great cormorants uye zvakajairwa zvipunu zvakawanikwa mumhuka dzehuku. Pakati pezvinokambaira, iyo Nile inoongorora dzvinyu, garwe rechipiri pakukura kworwizi rwaNire munyika, uye iyo loggerhead turtle inonyanya kuzivikanwa. Rwizi rweNile runogara mhando dzinosvika mazana gumi nemaviri nemapfumbamwe ehove, 129 ayo anowanikwa, zvinoreva kuti hove idzi ndidzo chete dzinogara.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezverwizi rweNile uye nehunhu hwayo.