Nekuda kwemabviro ayo echiNahuatl, zita rayo rinoreva "gomo rinosvuta", nekuda kwekukwirira kwaro inzvimbo yepamusoro-soro muMexico mushure mePico de Orizaba, uye nekuda kwekuve pedyo kwayo nemataundi akati wandei, Mexico inoonekwa seimwe yemakomo ane ngozi zvakanyanya munyika. nyika.. Iye anozivikanwawo se "Don Goyo" kana kungoti "Popo". The Popocatepetl volcano Iri i stratovolcano kana kuti composite volcano. Rinotsanangurwa segomo rinoputika, ndiro gomo rinoputika zvakanyanya muMexico. Iri munzvimbo dzePuebla, Morelos neMexico, maodzanyemba kweMexico City, mudunhu renzvimbo inonzi New Volcanic Axis kana Transversal Volcanic Axis, ketani yemakomo anoputika anosanganisira Ixtacihuatl, Paricutín neNevada de Toluca, pakati pevamwe.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezvegomo rePopocatépetl, kwariri, kuputika uye njodzi.
Mhando huru
Chitarisiko chinenge chakaenzana, chinofukidza nzvimbo ye283192.53 mahekita uye yakakwirira ye5426 metres. Iine crater yakaita oval ine madziro akadzika, 150 metres kudzika kubva pamuromo wezasi, dhayamita. yakakura kupfuura 900 metres uye yakazara hupamhi hwe400 x 600 metres.
Mamiriro enzvimbo yakatenderedza Popocatepetl ane marudzi akasiyana ecosystems ane hupfumi hwakasiyana-siyana hwemaruva nemhuka. Kune masango akasanganiswa emipaini, mioki nemiouki holm, uko kunosvika 1.000 marudzi emiti anogarisana. Mukoni, kunyanya pedyo nemuromo, mune mazaya echando akaserera mumakore achangopfuura.
Kuumbwa kwePopocatepetl volcano
Popocatépetl igomo rinoputika rine geologically. Inofungidzirwa kuve makore angangoita 730.000 uye ndiyo yakasara yekudonha kwegomo rekare. Nhoroondo yaro inotanga nekuumbwa kweNexpayantla Volcano kuburikidza nekuyerera kwemabota ekuyerera kweandesite uye dacite. Makore gare gare, gomo rakaputsika, richigadzira gomba, hupamhi, kuora mwoyo kwakadzika nekamuri ye magma pazasi.
Ipapo kwakauya gomo regomo idzva rinoputika, Ventorillo, asi rakadonha anenge makore 23.000 XNUMX apfuura. Gare gare, gomo reEl Fraile rakatanga kuoneka, asi mushure mechinguva rakadonhawo nekuda kwekuputika kwakasimba, mushure mezvo rutivi rwekumaodzanyemba rwekoni rwakaparadzwa.
Popocatépetl yemazuva ano yakatanga muLate Pleistocene-Holocene, mushure mekuparara kweEl Fraile. Iyo Don Goyo koni zvishoma nezvishoma yakakura kusvika pakukura, asi yakaburitsa kuputika kune simba kwakadonha rimwe divi rekoni ndokuburitsa huwandu hukuru hwemavhu akavhara pamusoro. Anenge mana gare gare mavhairasi akabatsira kune yazvino cone.
Popocatepetl kuputika
Icho chinonzi andesite-dacite stratovolcano. Kubva pakati peHolocene, kwave kune 3 kuputika kukuru kwePlinian; chekupedzisira chakaitika mugore ra800 AD C. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti chakashanda kwemakore anopfuura hafu yemiriyoni, uye nhoroondo yekuputika kwayo yakakura.
VaAztec vakanyora zviitiko zvakawanda mubumbiro ravo remitemo, seriya rakaitika mugore ra1509 AD, riri muTelleriano-Remensis neVatican Codex. Kuputika kwemakomo kwakatanga muna 1519 uye kwakakwira muna 1530. Pakati pa1539 na1549 paive nekuputika kuri pakati nepakati kwakaburitsa pumice kubva mukati meNyika.
Mukati mezana ramakore rechi1947, kwave kune kuputika kuri pakati nepakati kusvikira kumasimba masimba, kwokupedzisira kuri kusingakanganwiki muna 1994. Muna XNUMX, gasi nemadota zvinobuditswa zvakamanikidza vagari vepedyo kubuda mudzimba dzavo kuti vachengeteke. Iyi ipoindi yakakosha kune vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni makumi maviri neshanu vanogara mukati mechikamu chemakiromita zana kubva mugomba, kunyanya kune vanhu vangangosvika mazana matatu nemakumi maviri nevashanu vakagara mukati mechikamu chemakiromita mashanu.
Muna 2000, gomo racho rakaputika zvikuru mumakore 1200 18. Pana December 19 na 24 wegore iroro, yakarutsa zvitsama zvikuru zvezvinhu zvinovheneka muzvikamu zvitatu, uye pana December 2,5, yakasvipa ungwandangwanda hwakareba makiromita 5 ndokubudisa munyu wemadota anenge makiromita mashanu kuenda mudenga. Don Goyo ari kushanda sekare, aine dzimwe nguva kufema uye kuputika kuri pakati nepakati.
Kushanyira
Imwe yenzvimbo dzakanakisa dzekutarisa gomo iri iPaso de Cortés, inopfuura mamita 3600 kureba iyo inosvika pakati petsoka dzeinonzi Iztaccíhuatl nePopocatépetl mudhorobha reAmecameca. Nzvimbo iyi yakatumidzwa zita remukundi Hernán Cortés, uyo maererano nenhau akapfuura nomuko apo akasvika muTenochtitlán.
Matikiti anogona kutengwa kuti apinde muIzta-Popo National Park, uye nemazuva akajeka unogona kuona La Malinche uye Pico de Orizaba kure. Paso de Cortés ndiyowo nzvimbo yekutanga kusvika kuLa Joya (3950 masl), kubva panosimuka vanokwira kugomo reIztaccíhuatl. Mukova weIzta-Popo National Park uri 30.50 MXN.
Ngano yegomo rePopocatépetl
Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo inoshongedza rimwe remaguta makuru pasi rose: Mexico City, kumusha kune maviri epamusoro-soro makomo munyika: Iztaccíhuatl uye Popocatepetl.
Munyori weMexico uye mutori wenhau Carlos Villa Roiz anotaura mubhuku rake rinonzi Popocatépetl kuti muhuduku, apo vaAztec vakasvika mumipata yeMexico, Tenochtitlan mukuru akaberekwa, uye mwanasikana akanaka Mixtli aiva mwanasikana waTizoc. Mekisiko). Mixtli mukadzi akanaka aitsvagwa nevarume vazhinji, kusanganisira Axooxco, munhu ane utsinye anoteura ropa akazivisa Ruoko rwaMusikana. Asi moyo wemusikana ndewemumwe wevarwi vakanaka kwazvo mumusha, murwi anonzi Popoka. Vose vakaratidza rudo rusingaperi.
Kuita chibvumirano nababa vamambokadzi, Popoca akarwa kuti akunde zita reEagle Knight, nokudaro achipa ruoko rwaMistry kuna Aksoko. Tora vimbiso yaMistry nevamwe zvakanyanya. Popoca paakapinda, Mistry akaona varwi vake vachikundwa uye vachifa muhondo.
Kushungurudzika neshungu pamusoro pekufa kwemudiwa wake, Mixtli akatora hupenyu hwake asingazive kuti Popoca aizodzoka akakunda, pamberi pekusakwanisika kwerudo rwake. Popoca yakarwa nemazana emasoja kwemakore. Imwe nguva gare gare, Popoka akadzoka mukundi ndokuwana mudiwa wake afa. Murwi anokunda zvino ava nokukunda, pfuma, uye simba, asi haana rudo.
VaSamurai vakabva vatora chitunha chemwanasikana wamambo ndokuraira kuti guva guru rivakwe pachikomo chikuru chakatarisana nezuva, zvikomo gumi zvakatutirwa pamusoro pazvo kuti chitunha chakarara muguva chivakwe.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu munogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvegomo rinoputika rePopocatépetl nemaitiro aro.