Solar system yedu inoumbwa nemapuraneti nemasatelliti awo anotenderera mumikoto yawo kutenderera zuva. Panguva yekusikwa kwezuva iri uye panguva yekusikwa kwemapuraneti kwaive nemasimba akasiyana-siyana akaita kuti mapuraneti awane chimiro chakatenderera. vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika sei mapuraneti akatenderera uye kuti dzakaumbwa sei.
Nechikonzero ichi, tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kuti tikuudze kuti sei mapuraneti akatenderera, maitiro avo ndeapi, uye kuti akatanga sei kuve nechimiro ichi.
Nei mapuraneti akatenderera?
Kubva pakatanga kuongorora zvinhu zvemuchadenga, vanhu vave vachifarira kudzidza zvinhu zvatinoona mudenga usiku uye kuedza kuona kuti nei zvichiumbwa. Mapuraneti aya chikamu cheboka iri rezvinhu zvinofarirwa. Izvo zvave zvichizivikanwa kubvira kare kuti aya mapoinzi mudenga ane chimiro chakatenderedza, uye tinoziva zvakare kuti tinogara mune imwe yadzo. Mashoko aya akachengetwa kusvikira nhasi, kunyange iye zvino tinogona kutaura izvozvo isu tine kunzwisisa kuri nani kwemaitiro emuviri uye zvinhu zvinokanganisa chimiro chemapuraneti.
Mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu iri nyore pane iwe unofunga, uye ichokwadi iri mukuumbwa kwayo uye kuomarara. Simba rinokwevera pasi rinokweva kubva pakati richienda kumacheto, ndokusaka mapuraneti achiwanzoita sebhora, iro rine denderedzwa rine mativi matatu.
Panguva yekuumbwa kwemapuraneti, mapuraneti ane zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa uye zvinwiwa zvinopisa zvakanyanya. Sezvo simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi richigara richikweva huremu hwechinhu chakananga pakati pacho, zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemvura iyi zvinotsikirirwa kuita bhora risina kukwana rine maburi mashoma. Nyika payakatonhora, dzakasimba.
Mapuraneti akatenderedzwa nekuti simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi rinoita sekunge rinobva pakati pemuviri richikwevera zvese kwariri. Simba rinokwevera pasi rinokweva zvakaenzana kumativi ose. Simba regiravhiti rinokweva kubva pakati kuenda kumacheto semasipoki evhiri rebhasikoro. Izvi zvinoita kuti chimiro chenyika chive denderedzwa, rinova denderedzwa rine mativi matatu.
Iwo denderedzwa rakakwana here?
Muchirongwa chedu chezuva, mapuraneti anotaridzika akanaka kwazvo, anenge akakwana bhora, kunyanya Mercury, Venus nePasi pacharo. Muchokwadi, kana tikaiisa pachiyero chebhiriyadhi bhora, takanga tisingagoni kutaura makwapa. Zvisinei, mhinduro ndeyokuti mapuraneti haasi mativi akakwana.
Mapuraneti anogona kudhumhana nemimwe mitumbi yedenga, achigadzira crater kana mabulges muchimiro chenzvimbo dzawo. Zvakare, sezvo achigara achitenderera, mamwe mabhururu akaita denderedzwa anogadzirwa. Kana chimwe chinhu chichitenderera, senyika, zvinhu zviri kumucheto kwekunze zvinofanirwa kufamba nekukurumidza kupfuura zvinhu zviri mukati kuti zvienderane, uye zvinoputika zvichitevedza equator semugumisiro.
Iyo inokurumidza kukurumidza iyo pasi, iyo yakakura kukura kwayo, zvichienderana nekumhanya kuri kutenderera.. Ukuwo, kana nyika ichifamba zvishoma, zvinova zvishoma zvisingaite painozoratidza muchimiro chayo. Pasina kuenderera mberi, Saturn neJupiter dzakati kukora pakati nekuda kwekumhanya kwazvo kwekutenderera.
Pane zvimwe zvinhu zvisina kurongeka zviri muchadenga, uye ndizvo zvidiki. Izvi hazvipindi muhurukuro yedu nekuti hazviwire muchikamu chenyika. Muna 2006, International Astronomical Union yakaronga nyika muchikamu ichi, iyo inofanirwa kusangana nehumwe hunhu:
- inofanira kutenderera nyeredzi
- Inofanira kunge yakakura zvakakwana zvekuti simba rayo rinokwevera zvinhu pasi rinoita kuti itore chimiro chedenderedzwa.
- Inofanira kunge yakakura zvakakwana kuti simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi rigogodze chero zvimwe zvinhu zvehukuru hwayo zvinotenderera pedyo neZuva.
Haasi ese mapuraneti akatenderera zvakaenzana
Kutanga, ngationgororei mapuraneti ari mugadziriro yedu yezuva. Pano pane masere, atinoti madaro madiki kusvika makuru kubva kuzuva: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, neNeptune.
Ichokwadi chinoda kuziva kuti zvakakosha kuziva kuti haasi ese mapuraneti akaenzana. Semuenzaniso, Mercury uye Venus ndiyo yakatenderedza. Pakati pavo zvinogona kutaurwa kuti anenge akakwana mativi.
Kusiyana neizvi, Saturn neJupiter "zvishoma kutenderera" nekuti zvakakora zvishoma pakati. Chii chinoitika ndechekuti pavanenge vachitenderera, vanoputika vachitevedza equator.
Mumhirizhonga yePasi neMars, munhu aifanira kutaura kuti idiki pane Saturn kana Jupiter, uye kuti haatenderere nekukurumidza sezvinoita hofori dzegasi (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus neNeptune). Nyika yakakora ne 0,3% kumabvazuva uye Mars yakakora ne 0,6% pakati, saka haasi mativi akakwana, asi akatenderera kupfuura Saturn neJupiter.
Kunyangwe padyo nenzvimbo dzakakwana iUranus neNeptune. Iyo yekutanga ndeye 2,3% mukobvu pakati uye yekupedzisira ndeye 1,7% kukora. Saka ivo havana kunyatsokwana seMercury neVenus, asi vari padyo.
Kuumbwa kwemapuraneti
Mapuraneti anoumbwa kana zvinhu zviri muchadenga zvichitanga kudhumhana nekunamatirana. Mushure mechinguva une zvinhu zvakakwana kuti ugadzire huwandu hwakanaka hwegiravhiti. Ndiro simba rinobatanidza zvinhu zviri muchadenga. Kana nyika inoumba yakakura zvakakwana, inotanga kujekesa nzira yenyeredzi yainotenderera. Inoshandisa simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi payo kubata zvimedu zvezvinhu zvemuchadenga.
Naizvozvo, denderedzwa rematumbi makuru emudenga anokonzerwa negiravhiti. Chinhu chipi nechipi chinogadzira nzvimbo yegiravhiti yakazvitenderedza, sekunge huwandu hwese hwemuviri hwakanangana nepakati uye hunokwezva nyaya kwairi. Mukati menguva refu yokuumbwa kwepuraneti, zvinhu zvakayerera, zvichitapurwa nokupisa kwezviito zvaro zvenyukireya zvomukati, uye zvakatera kukukweva kune simba kwepakati paro rinokweva. A spherical distribution is symmetric in all directions uye ndiyo yega geometry inochengeta zvinhu zvese zviri paNyika zviri padyo nepakati pazvinogoneka.
Simba rinokwevera pasi rinokweva zvakaenzana kubva kumativi ose. Simba regiravhiti rinokweva kubva pakati kuenda kumacheto semasipoki evhiri rebhasikoro. Izvi zvinoita kuti chimiro chenyika chive denderedzwa, denderedzwa rine mativi matatu.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvekuti sei mapuraneti akatenderera uye maitiro avo.