Mhete dzaSaturn

Saturn ndeimwe yemapuraneti ari eesolar system uye iri mukati meboka remweya magasi. Inotaridzika nekuva nemhete uye ndeimwe yemapuraneti maviri akakurisa uye ane mukurumbira mune yedu yezuva. Inogona kutaridzika nyore nyore kubva pasi nekutenda kune iyo Mhete dzaSaturn.

Muchikamu chino tiri kukuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezvemhete dzaSaturn, maumbirwo avakaitwa uye maitiro avo.

Nyika ine mhete

Saturn ipuraneti yakakosha. Kune vesaenzi, inoonekwa seimwe yemapuraneti anonakidza kwazvo kuti unzwisise iro rezuva rese. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti ine yakanyanya kudzikira density kupfuura mvura uye inoumbwa izere nehydrogen, ine shoma shoma yehelium uye methane.

Iyo ndeyechikamu chegasi mahombe mapuraneti uye ine yakasarudzika ruvara iyo inoita kuti ive yakasarudzika. Icho chine yero, umo zvidimbu zvidiki zvemamwe mavara zvakasanganiswa. Vanhu vazhinji vanozvikanganisa paJupita, asi havana hukama. Ivo zvakajeka kusiyaniswa nemhete. Masayendisiti anofungidzira kuti mhete dzavo dzakagadzirwa nemvura, asi dzakasimba senge icebergs, icebergs, kana mamwe mabhora echando, kunyanya mukubatana nemamwe marudzi eguruva remakemikari.

Mwedzi

Pakati pezvese izvi zvinonakidza zvinoita kuti Saturn ive inonakidza nyika, isu tinofanirwa zvakare kuratidza mwedzi unoinyora. Parizvino, masetilaiti gumi nemasere akaonekwa uye akatumidzwa mazita nenyanzvi dzefizikiki mumunda. Izvi zvinopa nyika kukosha uye kuita zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani, isu tinonyora mamwe acho.

Vane mukurumbira ndivo vanonzi Hyperion uye Iapetus, ayo anoumbwa chose chose nemvura mukati, asi akasimba kwazvo zvekuti inofungidzirwa, zvichiteerana, kuti ivo vakagwamba nechando kana kuvapo nenzira yechando. Saturn ine zvemukati uye zvekunze satellites. Pakati pezvivakwa zvemukati, chakanyanya kukosha chimiro chemukati munotenderera panonzi maTitans. Ndiyo imwe yemwedzi mikuru yeSaturn, kunyangwe yakakomberedzwa nemhute yeorenji mhute, hazvisi nyore kuona.

Saturn ine zvemukati uye zvekunze satellites. Pakati pezvivakwa zvemukati, chakanyanya kukosha chimiro chemukati munotenderera panonzi maTitans. Ndiyo imwe yemwedzi mikuru yeSaturn, kunyangwe yakakomberedzwa nemhute yeorenji mhute, hazvisi nyore kuona. Iyo Titan satellite ndeimwe yemasaiti anonyanya kugadzirwa ingangoita yakazara senitrogen.

Iyo yemukati yesatelite iyi inoumbwa nematombo akaumbwa nemakemikari zvinhu zvakaita secarbon hydroxide uye methane, ayo akafanana nemapuraneti akajairwa. Huwandu hunowanzo kufanana, kunyanya vachati, kunyangwe kana saizi yakafanana.

Mhete dzaSaturn

Mhete yetsamba yaSaturn inonyanya kugadzirwa nemvura yechando nematombo anodonha ehukuru hwakasiyana. Ivo vakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri, akapatsanurwa ne "Cassini Division": mhete A (yekunze) uye rin'i B (yemukati), zvinoenderana nekuswedera kwavo padenga repasi.

Iri zita redanho rinobva kune akazivisa, Giovanni Cassini, nyanzvi yezvemuchadenga yeFrance neItari akawana. kupatsanurwa kwemakiromita zviuru mazana mana nemazana masere muna 4.800. Boka B rine mazana emaringi, mamwe acho ane maumbirwo erliptical ayo anoratidza shanduko mukuwanda kwemafungu nekuda kwekubatana kwesimba pakati pemaringi nesataneti.

Pamusoro pezvo, kune zvimwe zvimiro zvine rima zvinodaidzwa kuti "radial wedges" izvo zvinotenderera zvakapoterera pasi kumhanya kwakasiyana nedzimwe dzese dzemaringi (kufamba kwavo kunodzorwa nenyika yemagineti).

Kwakatangira radial wedges haisati yazivikanwa uye inogona kuoneka nekunyangarika nenzira. Zvinoenderana nedata rakawanikwa neCassini spacecraft expedition muna 2005, kune mhepo yakapoterera mhete, inoumbwa zvakanyanya neamuorekisi okisijeni. Kusvikira 2015, dzidziso pamusoro pekuti maringi aSaturn akagadzirwa sei aisakwanisa kutsanangura kuvapo kwezvidiki zveaizi.

Sayenzi Robin Canup akaburitsa dzidziso yake yekuti panguva yekuzvarwa kwenzvimbo, zuva reSaturn (rakaumbwa nechando nedombo) rakanyura muvhu ndokukonzera kubonderana. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvidimbu zvihombe zvakaburitswa kuita halo kana ringi yezvimedu zvakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvakaramba zvichiroverana apo zvainge zvamira mudenderedzwa repasi, kudzamara zvaburitsa mhete huru dzinozivikanwa nhasi.

Kuongorora zvindori zveSaturn

Muna 1850, nyanzvi yezvemuchadenga Edouard Roche akaongorora simba remagiravhiti pamasaiti ake uye akaverenga kuti chero nyaya iri pazasi pe2,44 nguva iyo nharaunda haina kukwanisa kubatana kuti igadzire chinhu uye kana chaive chinhu, chaizoparadzana. Chindori chemukati cheSaturn C chiri 1,28 zvakapetwa nharaunda uye chindori chekunze A chiri 2,27 zvakapetwa nharaunda. Ose ari mukati memiganhu yaRoche, asi mavambo avo haasati atsanangurwa. Nezvinhu zvavanazvo, dunhu rakaenzana nehukuru kumwedzi rinogona kuumbwa.

Chimiro chakanakisa cheringi pakutanga chakanzi kune simba rema satellite epedyo uye simba re centrifugal rinogadzirwa nekutenderera kweSaturn. Nekudaro, iyo Voyager probe yakawana zvimiro zvakasviba izvo zvaisakwanisa kutsanangurwa nenzira iyi. Aya maumbirwo anotenderera pamhete nekumhanyisa kumwechete neyemagineti yepasi, kuti vagone kudyidzana nemagineti ayo.

Izvo zvidimbu zvinoumba mhete dzaSaturn zvinosiyana muhukuru, kubva pazvidimbu zvidiki kusvika kumahombe, zvidimbu zvakaita seimba. Nekufamba kwenguva, ivo vanozotora zvasara zvemakometi uye asteroid. Zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvinovaumba chando. Kana ivo vachembera kwazvo, vanozoshanduka vatema nekuda kwekuunganidzwa kweguruva. Izvo zvekuti ivo vanopenya zvinoratidza kuti ivo vadiki.

Uye 2006, Chikwata cheCassini chakatsvaga ringi nyowani paunenge uchifamba mumumvuri weSaturn kune rimwe divi rezuva. Kuviga kwezuva kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuona zvidimbu zvisingawanzoonekwa. Iyo mhete iri pakati paF naG inopindirana nekutenderera kwaJanus naEpimetheus, uye aya maviri satellites anotogovana nzira dzawo uye anowanzochinjanisa. Zvichida meteor dzinosangana nemasaiti aya dzinozoburitsa zvidimbu zvemaringi.

Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pemhete dzeSaturn uye hunhu hwavo.