Mamiriro ekunze eTropical

El Kunopisa Iyo ndeimwe yeanodiwa nemunhu wese: tembiricha ine hunyoro uye inofadza gore rese, nzvimbo dzakasvibirira, mhuka nezvirimwa kwese kwese ... Pasina kupokana, vazhinji vedu tingatoda kunakirwa nemamiriro ekunze akadaro. Zvichida nekuda kwechikonzero ichi avo vanogona kuenda ikoko nechinangwa chekushandisa zororo risinganakidze.

Asi, ino mamiriro ekunze anozivikanwa sei? Iri kupi? Kubva pane izvi uye zvimwe zvakawanda ngatitaure mune iyi inokosha.

Tropical mamiriro ekunze

Inowanikwa pakati pe23º kuchamhembe kwenharaunda uye 23º kumaodzanyemba latitude, iyi mhando yemamiriro ekunze Iyo inozivikanwa nekuve neavhareji tembiricha iri pamusoro pe18ºC. Frosts haina kumboitika, ndokuti, iyo thermometer inogara iri pamusoro pe 0ºC, uye haina kuoma futi.

Tine chikwereti chemamiriro ekunze aya kukona yezviitiko zvemwaranzi yezuva inogadzirwa mumatunhu aya, izvo zvinoita kuti tembiricha yakwire. Ambient humidity inowanzo kuve yakanyanya kukwirira. Uye zvakare, kuve iri padyo neiyo equator, ndiko kuti, nzvimbo yepasi apo mhepo dzinotonhora dzeimwe hemisphere dzinosangana nemhepo inodziya yekukonana nayo, vane yakasarudzika yakadzvanya system. Iyi sisitimu inozivikanwa se intertropical kusangana nzvimbo, uye ndiye anoita kuti mvura iri kunaya zvakanyanya munzvimbo ino yepasi.

Chii chiri tembiricha?

Sezvataona kare, munzvimbo dzinopisa dzemamiriro ekunze hakuna mazaya uye tembiricha yepakati inoramba iri pamusoro pe18ºC. Izvi zvinoreva kuti haina mwaka sezvatinoita kumatunhu akadzikama, uko chirimo, zhizha, matsutso uye nguva yechando zvakanyatsosiyaniswa Kana iwe uri munzvimbo inopisa, hakuna zhizha kana chando.

Uyewo, kusiyanisa kwekushisa mukati mezuva rose kwakanyanya kwazvo, kusvika padanho rekuti zuva nezuva chafariz oscillation inogona kudarika iyo yegore yekushisa oscillation.

Monsoons

Iyo monsoon ndeye mwaka wemhepo iyo inobereka mvura zhinji nemafashama. Monsoon chaiyo ndiyo inoitika muSoutheast Asia, kunyangwe muAustralia, America ne Africa zvakagadzirwawo. Kune mhando mbiri: zhizha nechando, nekuti mhepo inoshandura mafambiro mune yega yega.

Tropical mhepo

Iyo mhepo inopisa inowanzo kuve kumusoro mhando, ndidzo dzinokonzeresa vertical gore zviitiko kuvonga kune iyo iyo nzvimbo inogona kuoneka inogara iri green.

Mhando

Tinogona kufunga kuti kune mhando imwe chete, asi chokwadi ndechekuti pane akati wandei, imwe neimwe iine yayo yakasarudzika. Izvo zvinotevera:

Humid tropical mamiriro ekunze

Iyi mhando yemamiriro ekunze iri 3º kuchamhembe uye kumaodzanyemba kwequator. Inozivikanwa nekuve kudziya kwakadziya, uye kunaya kukuru kwemvura, kweanopfuura 60mm / mwedzi. Iyo ine mwaka mupfupi wakaoma mwaka, asi 2000mm inowira gore rega rega, ichiita iyo nzvimbo kugara yakasvibira.

Inoitika pakati pe Africa, zhinji yeSouth America, kuchamhembe kweAustralia, Central America, uye maodzanyemba eAsia. Mienzaniso:

• Ikweta: Ndiwo mamiriro ekunze anotonhora atinofunga nguva dzese dzatinofungidzira tichipedza mazuva mashoma tichitandara pamahombekombe takakomberedzwa nemiti yemikokonati kana kupinda musango mune maparoti kana maparoti Iyo yepamusoro yepamusoro tembiricha ndeye 18ºC.
• Monsoon: tembiricha yakakwira mukati megore rose, uye mvura inonaya mumwaka wemvura.
• Sub-equatorial: ine mwaka mupfupi wakaoma uye mwaka wakareba wemvura.

Mamiriro ekunze akaomarara

Iyi mhando yemamiriro ekunze inowanikwa pakati pe15º ne25º latitude, nzvimbo dzinomiririra zvikuru iArabia, Sahel (Africa), kana mamwe matunhu eMexico kana Brazil. Inozivikanwa nekuve mwaka wakaoma unotora kwemwedzi yakati wandei, uye imwe yemvura. Iyo tembiricha yakanyanya kukwirira nekuti mhepo yemhepo yakagadzikana uye zvakare yakaoma. Mimwe mienzaniso ndeiyi:

• Mamiriro ekunze eSahelian: Iine mwaka wakareba wakareba kwazvo unotora zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvegore, panguva iyo mvura inoderedzwa pakati pe400 ne800mm.
• Mamiriro ekunze eSudan: Inoonekwa nekuve nenguva pfupi asi yakasimba yemvura.

Subtropical ekunze

Iyi mhando yemamiriro ekunze yakafanana neinopisa, kunyangwe tembiricha yakaderera (zvinoenderana nenzvimbo, avhareji ndeye 17-18ºC) uye kunonaya zvishoma, saka inowanzo kuverengerwa mukati memamiriro ekunze ane tembiricha. Dzimwe dzinotonhora zvakanyanya chando dzinogona kuitika, asi izvi hazviwanzo.

Inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakadai New Orleans, Hong Kong, Seville (Spain), Sao Paulo, Montevideo kana Canary Islands (Spain).

Hupenyu munzvimbo yekunaya inopisa

fauna of

Mhuka dzinogara munzvimbo dzine ino isinganzwisisike mamiriro ekunze dzinowanzove nemavara akajeka kwazvo, anotyisa kwazvo. Muenzaniso weiyi ndiwo shiri, kunge chihwenga. Mazhinji acho anogara mumiti, asi kune mamwe atinogona kuwana mumatope kana murwizi, senge anaconda nyoka kana reticular python. Asi kwete pano zvinogara shiri nezvinokambaira chete, zvakare zvipuka, senge tsoko, iyo simbe kana mamwe fimin, senge tigres, mbada o jaguar.

Kana tikataura nezvehove nemaamphibian, pano tichawana iyo piranhas inodya, the hofori yegungwa churu, ma dolphin kana the dzvuku maziso ane green frog izvo zvinokwezva kutarisisa kwakanyanya.

Flora

Zvirimwa zvinoda mvura kuti ikure, uye kana mamiriro ekunze akanaka kwazvo uye paine kuwanikwa kwakawanda kwe… zvese, kusanganisira zvinovaka muviri uye zvicherwa, zvekuti zvinosvika pakakwirira zvisingaite. kusvika ku60m. Asi zvirokwazvo, muti wehukuru uhwu unotora nzvimbo yakawanda, nekuti unogona kuve nekorona inoverengeka metres dhayamita; Saka zvirokwazvo, zvirimwa zvinomera pasi pazasi zvine dambudziko rakawanda kukura uye kusvika kuvanhu vakuru. Neichi chikonzero, zvinoita sekunge kune mimwe miti yakawanda kupfuura zviripo. Neraki, zvakasikwa zvakanyorova uye kune genera rezvirimwa, seBegonia, izvo zvakadzidza kushandisa zvakanyanya mwenje unosvika kwazviri.

Mimwe mienzaniso yezvirimwa zvekudziya ndeiyi:

• cocos nucifera (coconut muti)
• Ficus benghalensis (strangler fig)
• Mangifera indica (mango)
• Persea americana (avocado)
• durio zibethinus (durian)

Tinopedzisa nekunaka kwekuvira kwezuva. Unofarira? 🙂