Hurricane Katrina, imwe yekuparadza zvakanyanya munhoroondo yedu yazvino

Meteorological phenomena zviitiko zvinowanzo kukonzera kukuvara, asi kwete zvakanyanya seizvo zvinokonzerwa neiyo Dutu guru Katrina. Vanhu vanokwana 1833 vakafa nedutu pacharo kana mafashama aiperekedza, zvichiita kuti ive yakaipisisa mwaka we2005 Atlantic dutu remhepo uye yechipiri munhoroondo yeU.S., kuseri kweSan chete. Felipe II, 1928.

Asi, Chii chiri mavambo uye trajectory yeiri dutu rine simba iro, nekungodudza zita rayo, rinobva rangouya mupfungwa dzemifananidzo yekuparadzwa kwayakasiya muUnited States?

Dutu guru Katrina nhoroondo

Kutaura nezvaKatrina kutaura nezveNew Orleans, Mississipi, nedzimwe nyika dzakatambura nekupfuura kwedutu remhepo iri. Ndiyo yegumi nembiri dutu rakaumbwa munguva yedutu ra2005, kunyanya musi waAugust 23, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweBahamas. Iwo waive mhedzisiro yekusangana kwetropical wave uye Tropical Depression Diez, yakaumbwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 13.

Iyo sisitimu yakasvika kunopisa dutu chinzvimbo zuva rimwe chete gare gare, musi waAugust 24, iro zuva raizotumidzwa zita rekuti Katrina. Iyo trajectory yakatevera yaive inotevera:

• August 23: yakananga kuHallandale Beach neAventura. Pakugadzira kuwira pasi kwakaneta, asi awa imwe gare gare, pakupinda muGulf yeMexico, yakasimbisa zvakare ndokuwanazve mamiriro ayo echamupupuri.
• August 27Yakasvika muchikamu chechitatu pachiyero cheSaffir-Simpson, asi kutenderera kwekutsiva kwemadziro eziso kwakakonzera kuti iwedzere kukura. Uku kukurumidza kusimba kwaive nekuda kwemvura inodziya zvisingaite, izvo zvakakonzera kuti mhepo ivhure nekukurumidza. Nekudaro, zuva raitevera rakasvika muchikamu 3.
• August 29: Yakawira pasi kwechipiri seChikamu 3 dutu padyo neBuras (Louisiana), Breton, Louisiana neMississipi ine 195km / h mhepo.
• August 31: yakadzikisira kune kushushikana kwekudziya padyo padyo neClarksville (Tennessee), ndokuenderera mberi nenzira yayo kuenda kuGreat Lakes.

Pakupedzisira, yakave dutu risingafadzi iro rakatamira kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva ndokukanganisa kumabvazuva kweCanada.

Ndeapi matanho akatorwa kudzivirira kukuvara?

Iyo National Hurricane Center (CNH) yakaburitsa dutu remhepo kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweLouisana, Mississipi neAlabama musi waAugust 27 mushure mekuongorora nzira inogona kuitika iyo dutu raizotevera. Zuva rimwe chetero, United States Coast Guard yakaita nhevedzano yekununura kubva kuTexas kuenda kuFlorida.

Iye aimbova purezidhendi weUnited States, George W. Bush akazivisa mamiriro ekukurumidzira muLouisana, Alabama neMississippi musi waAugust 27. Mumasikati, iyo CNH yakapa yambiro nezvechamupupuri kumatunhu ari pakati peMorgan City (Louisiana) nemuganhu uri pakati peAlabama neFloridamaawa gumi nemaviri mushure mekunyeverwa kwekutanga.

Kusvika panguva iyoyo, hapana aigona kuziva kuti Katrina anozoguma ave ani zvinoparadza. Tsamba yakapihwa kubva kuhofisi yeNew Orleans / Baton Rouge yeNational Weather Service ichinyevera kuti nzvimbo iyi inogona kusagarika kwemavhiki.. Musi waAugust 28, Bush akataura naGavhuna Blanco kuti vakurudzire kubvumidzwa kubuda muNew Orleans.

Mune vese, vamwe vanhu vanosvika miriyoni imwe nemazana maviri nezviuru kubva kuGulf Coast pamwe nevazhinji veavo vari muNew Orleans vaifanira kubviswa.

Chii chakakonzera?

Akadzikira

Dutu guru Katrina yakakonzera kufa kwevanhu 1833: 2 muAlabama, 2 muGeorgia, gumi nemana muFlorida, 14 kuMississipi uye 238 1577 muLouisiana. Uye zvakare, pakanga paine zana nemakumi matatu neshanu.

Kukuvara kwezvinhu

• In the kumaodzanyemba kweFlorida neCuba kukuvara kwakafungidzirwa pamiriyoni imwe kusvika kumabhiriyoni maviri emadhora, kunyanya nekuda kwemafashama uye miti yadonha. Kwakave nekunaya kukuru muFlorida, ne250mm, uye muCuba, ne200mm. Guta reCuba reBatabano rakange mafashama makumi mapfumbamwe muzana.
• En Louisiana kunaya kwakanyanya zvakare, kubva pa200 kusvika 250mm, izvo zvakakonzera kuti mwero weLake Pontchartrain ukwire, izvo zvakazadza mafashama emataundi ari pakati peSlidell neMandeville. I-10 Twin Span Bridge, iyo yaibatanidza Slidell neNew Orleans, yakaparadzwa.
• En New Orleans mvura yainaya zvekuti guta rese rakange rakazara nemvura. Uye zvakare, Katrina akakonzera kutyora makumi mashanu nematatu muhurongwa hwekudzivirira hwaidzivirira. Iyo migwagwa yaisasvikika, kunze kweCrescent City Connection, saka ivo vaigona kungosiya guta racho kwariri.
• En Mississipi, zvakakonzera kukuvara kunofungidzirwa mumabhirioni emadhora mumabhiriji, zvikepe, mota, dzimba uye piers. Dutu remhepo rakabvarura napo, zvichikonzera matunhu makumi masere nematanhatu akaziviswa nezvenzvimbo dzine njodzi dzemubatanidzwa.
• In the Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweUS mhepo dze107km / h dzakanyorwa muAlabama, uko kwakamuka matutu mana. Dauphin Island yakakuvara zvakanyanya. Semhedzisiro yedutu, mahombekombe akakanganiswa.

Sezvo yaienda kuchamhembe uye isina simba, Katrina anga achiri akasimba zvakakwana kukonzera mafashama muKentucky, West Virginia, neOhio.

Pose, kukuvara kwepfuma kwaifungidzirwa pamamiriyoni zana nemakumi masere emadhora.

Zvemamiriro ekunze

Kana tichitaura nezvedutu tinowanzofunga nezvekukuvara kwazvinoita kumaguta nemadhorobha, zvinova zvine musoro sezvo tichiita hupenyu hwedu munzvimbo idzodzo. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva zvinoitika kuti chimwe chezviitiko izvi chinokanganisa zvakanyanya nharaunda. Uye Katrina aive mumwe wavo.

Yakaparadza ingangoita 560km2 yenyika muLouisiana, maererano naye United States Geological Ongororo, dzimwe nzvimbo dzaive nemavhudzi ane shavi, njiva, hove uye zvipuka zvakawanda zvemumakungwa. Uye kwete izvo chete, asi gumi nematanhatu emhuka dzesango refuges aifanira kuvharwa.

MuLouisiana, paive nekuteuka kwemafuta pazvivakwa makumi mana nezvina kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, iyo yakashandurwa kuita mamirioni makumi maviri nematanhatu. Mazhinji aidzorwa, asi mamwe akasvika kumagariro uye kuguta reMeraux.

Migumisiro pahuwandu hwevanhu

Paunoshaya chikafu nemvura, unoita chero chinotora kuti uwane. Asi hausi iwe woga unobvuta uye unobira - ndizvo zvichaitawo vanhu vane chisimba. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakaitika muUnited States. IUnited States National Guard akaendesa mauto zviuru makumi mashanu neshanu kuyedza kudzora maguta, kunyangwe anga asina nyore: mwero wekuuraya kubva munaGunyana 2005 kusvika Kukadzi 2006 wakakura ne28%, inosvika makumi manomwe nemhondi.

Matanho akakodzera akatorwa here?

Kune avo vanofunga izvozvo Hurumende yeUnited States haina kuita zvese zvaigona kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwevanhu. Rapper Kanye West kukonati yekubatsira paNBC akati "George Bush haana hanya nevanhu vatema." Vaimbove purezidhendi vakapindura kupomero uku nekutaura kuti iyi yaive nguva yakaipisisa yehutungamiriri hwake, achizvipomera zvisirizvo nerusarura.

John prescott, aimbova Mutevedzeri weMutungamiri weUnited Kingdom, akati "mafashama anotyisa muNew Orleans anotiunza padhuze nekuzvidya mwoyo kwevatungamiriri venyika dzakaita seMaldives, idzo nyika dzadzo dziri panjodzi yekunyangarika zvachose. United States yanga isingadi mutemo weKyoto, iyo yandinofunga sekukanganisa.

Zvisinei nezvakaitika, nyika zhinji dzaida kubatsira vapenyu vaKatrina, kungave nekutumira mari, chikafu, mushonga kana chero zvavaigona. Rubatsiro rwepasi rese rwaive rwakakura zvekuti pamamiriyoni mazana masere nemakumi masere nemashanu emadhora avakagamuchira, vaingoda makumi mana chete (asingasviki 854%)

Dutu guru Katrina rakasiya chiratidzo charo kuUnited States, asi ndinofunga zvishoma patiri tese. Icho chaive chimwe chemamiririri akakosha esimba rezvisikwa. Hunhu uripo, uchititarisira nguva zhinji, uye dzimwe nguva uchitiisa pamuedzo.