Iyo cenotes inzvimbo yakakosha yevashanyi muYucatan Peninsula muMexico uye nekufamba kwenguva vanoshanyirwa kakawanda, vachiwedzera mukurumbira uye kudiwa nevose vanovashanyira. Zvakadaro, vanhu vazhinji vachiri kukundwa neaya emadziva emusikirwo akanaka. Vamwe havazivi Chii chinonzi cenote.
Nechikonzero ichi, isu tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kukuudza kuti chii chinonzi cenote, maitiro ayo uye kunaka.
Chii chinonzi cenote
Zita rayo rinobva kuMayan "tz'onot" zvinoreva bako nemvura. Zvinonzi macenotes akaumbwa muchidimbu nekuda kwemameteorite akauraya madhinosaur., sezvo pavakarova vakagadzira mutsara wemapako asina chinhu, ayo anoenderana nezera rekupedzisira rechando.
Apo Yucatan Peninsula yakanga iri coral reef yakafukidzwa negungwa, gungwa rakadonha zvakanyanya zvokuti rakafumura dombo rose, zvichiita kuti rife, richipa nzira yekunaya kwemvura nekufamba kwenguva.
Panozosvika mvura, inotanga kusanganiswa nehuwandu hwecarbon dioxide yaiva mumhepo panguva iyoyo, ichigadzira carbonic acid, iyo inoshandura acidity yayo kana inosangana nevhu. Apo mvura yakachena inosanganiswa negungwa munyu, inotanga kurova limestone, zvishoma nezvishoma ichiipedza uye kugadzira maburi mairi. Nokufamba kwenguva, makomba akatanga kuwedzera nharaunda yavo, achigadzira tunnels uye nzira dzemvura, dzakafanana nenzizi dziri pamusoro.
Izwi rekuti cenotes kana Xenotes rinobva kuMayan dzonot, zvinoreva gomba remvura. Kune vaMaya, nzvimbo idzi dzaive tsvene nekuti ndidzo chete dziine mvura yakachena musango. MuYucatan Peninsula kunofungidzirwa kuti anopfuura zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvakavhurika uye zvakavharwa cenotes. Kune rumwe rutivi, muPuerto Morelos, maminetsi makumi maviri kubva kuguta reCancun mumugwagwa mukuru unoenda kuRiviera Maya, ndiyo yakakurumbira Ruta de los Cenotes, ine zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwavo. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo unogona snorkel kana kayak uye kushamiswa nemamiriro akanaka izvo zvinopihwa nemvura ine crystalline, nepo uri mumavhairi unogona kudzidzira kudzika kana kusvetuka mahara kune avo vanotsvaga rwendo rwekushanya.
Ko cenotes yakatanga sei muRiviera Maya?
Chaizvoizvo haisiriyo kwakabva, iyo cenote yatovepo, mubvunzo wakarurama ndewekuti, cenote yakawanikwa riini? Yechidiki cenote inozivikanwa nekukukurwa kwechisikigo, cenote ine musuwo wakavhurika zvinoreva kuti yakura, yatambura muitiro mukuru wokukukurwa kwevhu uye yakadonha.
Kazhinji, cenotes muRiviera Maya inogadzirwa nemuti unonzi banyan, "parasitic" muti unotsvaga huwandu hwemvura sezvo midzi yawo inokura, saka midzi yawo inonyura mudombo uye muti unotanga kukura uye. inotanga kurema kwazvo kusvika yadonha uye gomba riya raitwa uye ndiwo matangiro akaita cenote.
Flora nemhuka
Miti nemhuka dzecenote zvakasiyana. uye cenote pachayo. Nekuti zvirimwa uye zvipenyu zvavanogara zvinoita kuti nharaunda ive yechokwadi oasis nzvimbo musango reMayan. Guppies uye catfish ndiyo hove dzinonyanya kucherechedzwa mumacenotes.
Zvinotendwa kuti maguppies anogona kunge akatakurwa kuenda kumvura yenzvimbo nekuda kwedutu, kwavanenge vakajairika, kusanganisira mamwe madzimai ane mazai, uye mhuka dzinogara cenotes dzakawanda. Kuuya kwekatfish kunoshamisa zvakare: zvinotendwa kuti vanobva kugungwa, kuburikidza nemhepo yepasi pevhu inotaurirana nemamwe cenotes, pamwe chete nedzimwe crustaceans dzegungwa.
Kana iri maruva emacenotes, anosiyana zvichienderana nekuti ari kure sei kubva kumahombekombe. Macenotes emahombekombe akakomberedzwa nemangrove, michindwe uye ferns, nepo mune mamwe macenotes guaya, kokonati, kocoa nemiti yerubha yakawanda. Mumapako, zvinowanzoitika kuti midzi yakareba yemiti iyi ienderane nemamiriro ezvinhu e stalactites uye stalagmites. Iwaya anoburuka kubva padenga rakavharidzirwa kusvikira asvika kumvura.
marudzi e cenotes
Sezvo mazinga egungwa achichinja, mamwe mapako anova asina chinhu, zvichiita kuti matenga aputsike, ndiko kuvhurika kunoita cenotes. Saka tinogona kutaura kuti kune marudzi matatu emacenotes:
Vhura
Pane dzimwe nguva, madziro ayo ane cylindrical kuti apinze zuva, kunyange zvazvo zvisingafaniri kuva cylindrical. Kune mamwe macenotes akavhurika anoita semadhamu asina madziro emhando ipi neipi, ingori mvura yakachena.
Mazhinji emaCenotes aya ane runako rwechisikigo sezvo akakomberedzwa nemhuka dzinovapa ruvara rwemusango. Cenote Azul muenzaniso wakajeka weiyo yakavhurika cenote, sezvo yakanyatso kuratidzwa pamusoro uye mwenje wezuva unopinda mumvura zvizere.
yakavharwa
Aya macenotes ndiwo "mudiki" nekuti mvura yakafukidzwa nemapako. Izvo hazvireve kuti mvura yaro ndeye turquoise kana emerald green, iwe unogona kuona kana paine chero rudzi rwechiedza, zvisikwa kana magetsi. Muchokwadi, nharaunda yakakwanisa kuisa mwenje mukati meaya macenotes kuitira kuti vashanyi nevagari venzvimbo vanzwe vakachengeteka uye vakadzikama. Muenzaniso werudzi urwu rwecenote ndiyo yakanaka Cenote Choo Ha, iyo yakashanyirwa zvakanyanya uye inodiwa nezviuru zvevashanyi.
hafu yakazaruka
Havasati vari vadiki kana kuti vakura zvikuru nemhaka yokuti mvura haisati yaratidzirwa kumamiriro okunze, asi rutivi rwayo rega chiedza chipinde zvakananga mucenote uye zvichida kuona kunaka kwayoMamwe acho anotova nemvura yakachena zvokuti unogona kuona maruva nemhuka zviri mazviri. Semuenzaniso, Cenote Ik kil, chimiro chayo chinoshamisa, kubva pamusuwo unogona kuona kunaka kwenzvimbo ino.
Sezvauri kuona, kana iwe uchinge waziva kuti cenote chii, yaive ichipfuura nemumusoro mako nekufamba kune idzi dzinoshamisa nzvimbo. Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve chii chinonzi cenote, maitiro ayo uye mavambo.