Munhu ari mune yake ruzivo rwekuti azive zvakasikwa, akashandisa akawanda matekinoroji zvigadzirwa izvo zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kudzidza uye kubvisa huwandu hwakawanda kwazvo hunobatsira ruzivo. Iyo Cassini probe yanga iri pane inoyevedza kuburikidza nenzvimbo kweanopfuura makore makumi maviri uye yave shamwari yaSaturn. Nekudaro, makore mashoma apfuura akatisiya asi aine mimwe mifananidzo uye neruzivo runoshamisa.
Muchikamu chino tiri kuzokuudza zvese hunhu, rwakakosha rwendo rweCassini probe.
Mhando huru
Yakavambwa muna 1997 uye haina kusvika Saturn kusvika 2004. Munguva iyi yemakore manomwe rwendo yaifanirwa kupfuura nemamwe matambudziko. Chikamu chekupedzisira chakatanga muna Kubvumbi 7, 22 uye ndiye aibata basa rekuyambuka nzvimbo iri pakati pemhete nezvisikwa. Pakupedzisira yakaparadzwa mumhepo yeSaturn mushure memakore mazhinji ebasa.
Kana isu tikaverenga iyo 7 kukuvara kwayakatora kusvika Saturn, tinowedzera makore gumi nematatu ekubuda, saka yave ichikwanisa kuita akati wandei mabasa. Pave nemakore gumi nematatu achitenderera kupota nyika umo mave muchikwanisa kuburitsa huwandu hweruzivo nezve main satellites. Nechekare mushure memakore gumi ekutenderera, yakapa data kubva kunopfuura mamirioni mazana matatu nemazana mashanu emakiromita akafamba akatenderera pasirese, anenge mafoto mazana matatu nemazana mashanu ezviuru uye anopfuura mazana mashanu GB yedata kune vesaenzi.
Nekudaro, iyo Cassini probe haina kuita urwu rwese rwendo rwoga. Mumwe wake aive Huygens uye yaigadzirwa neEuropean Space Agency (ESA). Shamwari iyi yakaparadzaniswa mushure mekumhara paTitan musi waNdira 14, 2005. Iyo Cassini yekuferefeta basa rakawedzerwa kubva muna2008, asi nekuda kwemamiriro ayo akanaka anga achiwedzera mamishinari kusvika gore rino. Kunyangwe ichishandisa giravhiti yaTitan kuita shanduko yenzira, inoshandisa mafuta ayo kuita dzimwe nzira. Mushure memakore mazhinji kudaro, peturu yakaramba iri mudura shoma uye NASA yakasarudza kuiparadza uye kudzivirira kuwira kune chero emwedzi inosvibisa nzvimbo dzakakosha kwesainzi.
Isu takatosvibisa nyika yedu nenzvimbo dzakatipoteredza zvakakwana kuti tiende kuSaturn kunosvibisa mwedzi wayo.
Zviwanikwa zvikuru kubva kuCassini probe
Ngatione kuti ndezvipi zviwanikwa zvikuru zvakaitwa necassini probe. Izvo zvinowirirana naSaturn, anga ari muongorori mukuru uyo yakawana kusvika kumwedzi mitsva minomwe yepasi uye yakasimbisa kuti Enceladus yakafukidzwa negungwa repasirese yakavanzwa pasi pechikamu chechando chekunze. Yekupedzisira mishoni yekupedzisira yaive imwe yenjodzi kubva payakapinda munzira yakatenderedza uye eccentric orbit iyo yaive padyo nepasi yaive makiromita zviuru zvisere. Mukutumwa uku, yakaita makumi maviri nemasere akarongedzwa zvakakwana, neine kumhanya kwakaringana kwemakiromita makumi matatu nemana pasekondi, yaigona kuyambuka nzvimbo iri pakati pemhete nezvenyika ine muganho wemakiromita angangosvika zviuru zviviri.
Kutenderera kwaro kwekupedzisira kwakabatsirwa nekukomba kwemwedzi weSaturn. Iyo probe yaifanirwa kuiswa munzira yayo yekupedzisira iyo yaive panzvimbo iri padyo nepasi ine vangangoita chiuru chemakiromita. Mariri, iye aikwanisa kupa nani data iro rakamubvumidza kuti aongorore zvemukati chimiro chenyika uye nezvindori zvayo. Neyakarurama ye1.000%, zvaive zvichikwanisika kuverenga huwandu uye kutora mifananidzo yemakore nemuchadenga. Pakupedzisira, munaGunyana 5, 11, yakatanga kubhururuka kwekupedzisira kuti ipedze kuparara kwemhepo yeSaturn.
Cassini probe uye nzvimbo dzinogarwa
Basa risati ratanga, zvaive zvisina kujeka kana musanganiswa unozivikanwa wezvinhu zvakakosha kune hupenyu waivepo kumwe kunze kwenzvimbo dzezuva: mvura yechando, mvura yemvura, makemikari ekutanga, uye simba, kupenya kwezuva, kana maitiro emakemikari. Kubva pakasvika kwaCassini kuSaturn, yakaratidza kuti zvinokwanisika kuva nenyika inogarwa nemakungwa.
Enceladus, kunyangwe iri diki muhukuru, yakawanikwa iine zviitwa zvine simba zvejoloji uye mvura inochengeterwa mvura pedyo nedanda rekumaodzanyemba, nekuti iri mvura yemunyika yose Gungwa, rine munyu uye zvakapusa mamorekuru, rinoburitsa hutsi hwemvura uye gel kuburikidza nemagiriza mumatanda ari pamusoro payo. Kuvapo kwegungwa iri kunoita kuti Enceladus ive imwe yenzvimbo dzinovimbisa kwazvo muzuva kuti uwane hupenyu.
Kwemakore, iyo Cassini probe yakagadzirisawo chimwe chezvakavanzika zvekufungidzira: sei Enceladus iri rakajeka kwazvo denga rekudenga mune rezuva system. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti raive muviri wechando.
Titan zvakare mukwikwidzi akasimba wekutsvaga hupenyu. Huygens yekuferefeta yakatakura Cassini yakawira pamusoro pesatellite uye ndokuwana humbowo hwegungwa pasi pechando chayo, iyo inogona kunge yakaumbwa nemvura neammonia, uye mhepo izere nemamorekuru e prebiotic. Akaona kuti iine yakakwana hydrological system, ine nzizi, nyanza, uye nyanza dzakazadzwa nemvura yemethane uye ethane.
Kubva pane iyo modhi, masayendisiti anotenda kuti gungwa reTitan rinogona zvakare kuve nemhepo inopisa mweya, iyo inopa simba rehupenyu. Naizvozvo, masayendisiti anotarisira kuchengetedza mamiriro ayo epakutanga kuti aongorore mune ramangwana. Naizvozvo, ivo vakaita iyo yekuongorora yeCassini acha "kuzviuraya" kurwisa Saturn kudzivirira kuti irege kuwira pamwedzi uno nekuisvibisa.
PaTitan, basa iri rakatiratidzawo nyika yakaita sepasi iyo mamiriro ekunze uye geology zvinotibatsira kunzwisisa nyika yedu. Nenzira, Cassini yakafanana nemuchina wenguva, iyo inotivhura hwindo kuti isu tione mafambiro epanyama angave akaumba kusimudzira kweesolar system uye mapuraneti masisitimu akakomberedza dzimwe nyeredzi
Chadenga chakapa chiratidzo cheSaturn system. Yakawana ruzivo pamusoro pekuumbwa uye tembiricha yemuchadenga yepamusoro, dutu uye nhepfenyuro ine simba yeredhiyo. Akaona mheni pamusoro penyika pasi masikati neusiku kekutanga. Iko kune zvakare mhete yake, yakasikwa murabhoritari yekudzidza kuumbwa kwemapuraneti, rudzi rwechidiki chezuva system.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve iyo Cassini probe nemipiro yayo.