Nhasi tichazotaura nezveimwe yemakomo ari pakati peAsia anozivikanwa nekuve uko maererano neRussia, China, Mongolia neKazakhstan. Zvayo ndezve Altai massif. Iyo ndeyemakomo eAltai uye Irtish, Obi uye Yenisei nzizi dzinosangana. Iyo inyika izere nengano uye ngano idzo dzakapfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kuchizvarwa. Nekufamba kwenguva yave nyika ine hunhu hwakakwanisa kuratidza zvese zvainokwanisa.
Naizvozvo, isu tiri kuzotsaurira ichi chinyorwa kukuudza zvese hunhu, kuumbwa uye mabviro eAltai massif.
Mhando huru
Iyo Massif iri munzvimbo yemakomo iri pakati peAsia uye panosangana Russia, Mongolia, China neKazakhstan. Kune akakura masppes, yakasvibira taiga matondo uye ine mwero mugwenga runako. Zvese izvi zvinokwira muguva kubwinya kwemakomo echando-akafukidzwa neaconic runako rweiyo tundra. Iyo seti yezvisikwa zviripo munzvimbo ino inoita kuti nzvimbo yacho ive yakanaka kwazvo. Nekufamba kwenguva yave nzvimbo inonyanya kufarirwa nevashanyi yekufamba musango.
Inzvimbo yakatambanuka anenge 2000 makiromita kureba kubva kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kusvika kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Nekudaro, iyo Altai Massif inoumba muganho wechisikigo pakati penzvimbo dzakawoma dzeMongolia uye yakapfuma taiga yekumaodzanyemba kweSiberia. Nzvimbo dzese dzemamiriro ekunze dzinogadzira nharaunda dzekushamisa kwakasiyana. Ichokwadi ndechekuti kusiyana kukuru kwenzvimbo dziripo muAltai massif kwakaita sekunge tiri kutora zororo kuburikidza nemapeji eatlas geography mabhuku.
Haingori chete iyo nzvimbo inova runako kuitira kuti munhu anogona kuishanyira, iri dendere rezviuru zvemarudzi emiti nemhuka.
Kwakatangira iyo Altai massif
Tiri kuzoona kuti kwakabva kupi makomo aya uye nekushanduka-shanduka pamusoro pemakore. Kwakatangira makomo aya kunoteedzerwa kumashure kumatekoni masimba aripo nekuda kweplate tectonics. Isu tinoziva kuti tectonic mahwendefa ari mukufamba kwenguva nekuda kweye convection currents muPasi rejasi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mahwendefa anogona kudhumhana ogadzira matsva emakomo. Mune ino kesi, mavambo eAltai massif anogona kuteedzerwa kuburikidza nekurovera tectonic mauto pakati peIndia muAsia.
Iko kune hombe yekukanganisa sisitimu inomhanya munzvimbo ino yese uye Inonzi mhosva yeKurai uye imwe mhosva yaTashanta. Iyi sisitimu yese yezvikanganiso inokonzeresa kuti iitike muchimiro chekufamba kwakatsetseka, ichiita kuti mahwendefa ave anoshanda. Iko kufamba kwematombo aripo muAltai massif kunoenderana zvakanyanya negranite uye metamorphic matombo. Mamwe ematombo aya akakwidziridzwa zvakanyanya padhuze nekanganiso zone.
Kwakatangira zita reAltai massif rinobva kuMongolia "Altan", zvinoreva kuti "goridhe". Iri zita rinobva mukuti makomo aya zvechokwadi igwe rinoshamisira chero munhu nekuda kwekusiyana kwavo uye runako.
Nzvimbo yenzvimbo yeAltai massif
Tiri kuenda kumaodzanyemba kweSiberia uko kune nharaunda nhatu dzakakura dzemakomo umo maAltai Makomo anomira pachena, iri nzvimbo inoshamisa senzvimbo dzinoshamisa dzenyika. Aya mameseji anogara kumusoro kwepamusoro munzvimbo yese yekumaodzanyemba kweSiberia inonzi Mount Beluja. Iyo ine kukwirira kwemamita mazana mana nemakumi matanhatu nematanhatu uye inozivikanwa zvakare nekuve nzvimbo yakapfuma nesimbi. Mumakomo ekumaodzanyemba kweSiberia inoberekwa kubva kunzizi hombe kumabvazuva kweRussia.
IAltai Massif iri pakati peAsia, ingangoita pakati pe45 ° uye 52 ° North latitude uye pakati pe 85 ° ne 100 ° Kumabvazuva kureba kweGreenwich, uye yakavakirwa pakati penzvimbo dzeRussia, Chinese neMongolian. Mafomu azvino ekununurwa ndee makomo marefu, nzvimbo dzisina kuenzana pakukwirira kwakasiyana siyana, mabhuroko nemipata yakadzika. Zororo rese iri mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwakaoma kwe geological. Uye kuti pakupera kwenguva yeMesozoic makomo ekare akaumbwa neHercynian folding uye akashandurwa kuita peneplain.
Yatove muTertiary, iyo alpine folding ndiyo iyo yakagadzirisa rese seti yemakomo, ichityora uye ichiburitsa akasiyana mabhuru. Rumutsiridzo urwu rwakaitika nenzira isina kusimba muQuaternary panguva imwechete iyo nzizi nemazaya echando zvaive nesimba rakakura.
Mamiriro ekunze uye zvipenyu zvakasiyana
Tichaongorora zvakakosha zvinhu zvemamiriro ekunze uye zvipenyu zveAltai massif. Nekuda kwenharaunda uye mamiriro ari pakati penyika huru yeEurasia, Altai massif ine yakaoma mamiriro ekunze ane yakadzikama uye kondinendi mamiriro emamiriro ekunze. Mvura yayo inonaya uye zhizha. Kureba zvakare kune chekuita nemamiriro ekunze. Iyo yakakura kwazvo yegore yekukwirisa yekukwirisa zvinoreva kuti pane hunhu huri pakati pemakumi matatu nematanhatu netembiricha zvakaderera pazasi pemadhigrii munguva yechando uye ine pfupi zhizha mairi iyo inogona kupfuura gumi nemashanu.
Mamiriro ekunze aya anokura uswa hunozviteerera. Masango eConiferous, meadows uye huswa hwevanhu vane masimba ekumawere anowedzera muAltai, padyo negwenga reGobi. Pazasi pechimiro chemamita e1830, materu ane matanda akaomeswa nemisidhari, maruva, mapini nemabirches. Pakati pesango nekutanga kwechando pane kureba ingangoita 2400-3000 metres yekukwira. Mafuro eAlpine anowanikwa munzvimbo ino yese.
Iyo yese nzvimbo ine makomo yeAltai massif yakakosha sezvo ichiita mutsetse unokamura pakati penzizi dzinoenda kuPacific Ocean neidzo nzizi dzinoyerera dzichipinda muArctic Glacier Ocean. Mbiri dzenzizi dzinonyanya kukosha muAsia yese zvakare dzinowanikwa munzvimbo iyi. Obi naYenisei. Kunyangwe izvi, yechokwadi hydrographic network yenharaunda ino yese inoumbwa nenzizi dzinobva mumakungwa uye dzinogara mumakirabhu echando. Nzira yacho haina kujairika sezvo kuzorodzwa kwegomo kunoita kuti zvive saizvozvo.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveAltai massif, hunhu hwayo uye kwayakatangira.