Dongosolo la dzuwa ndi yayikulu kukula ndipo sitingathe kuzichita zonse pamoyo wathu. Sikuti kokha pali dongosolo la dzuŵa m'chilengedwe chonse, koma pali milalang'amba mamiliyoni ochuluka monga yathuyi. Dzuwa ndi la gulu la nyenyezi lotchedwa Milky Way. Amapangidwa ndi Dzuwa ndi mapulaneti asanu ndi anayi ndi satelayiti awo. Zaka zingapo zapitazo zidasankhidwa kuti Pluto sanali gawo lamapulaneti chifukwa sizinakwaniritse tanthauzo la pulaneti.
Kodi mukufuna kudziwa dongosolo la dzuwa mozama? M'nkhaniyi tikambirana za mawonekedwe, zomwe zimapanga ndi kusintha kwake. Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira za izo, pitirizani kuwerenga 🙂
Zotsatira
Kapangidwe ka dzuwa
Como Pluto saganiziridwanso ngati pulaneti, dzuwa limapangidwa ndi Dzuwa, mapulaneti asanu ndi atatu, mapulaneti ndi ma satelayiti ake. Osati matupi awa okha, komanso ma asteroid, ma comet, ma meteorites, fumbi, ndi mpweya wapakati.
Mpaka 1980 zimaganiziridwa kuti makina athu ozungulira dzuwa ndiwo okhawo omwe analipo. Komabe, nyenyezi zina zimapezeka pafupi kwambiri ndipo zimazunguliridwa ndi envulopu yazinthu zozungulira. Izi zimakhala ndi kukula kosadziwika ndipo zimatsagana ndi zinthu zina zakumwamba monga zofiirira kapena zofiirira zazing'ono. Ndi izi, asayansi akuganiza kuti payenera kukhala pali ma solar ambiri m'chilengedwe ofanana ndi athu.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kafukufuku ndi kafukufuku wambiri adakwanitsa kupeza mapulaneti ena ozungulira mtundu wa Dzuwa. Ndiye kuti, pakufufuza, mapulaneti apezeka ndikupezeka. Kuchotsedwaku kukuwonetsa kuti palibe pulaneti iliyonse yomwe ingapezeke yomwe ingakhale ndi zamoyo zanzeru. Mapulaneti awa omwe ali kutali ndi dzuwa lathu amatchedwa Exoplanets.
Dzuwa lathu lozungulira dzuwa lili kunja kwa Milky Way. Mlalang'amba uwu wapangidwa ndi zida zambiri ndipo tili m'modzi mwa iwo. Dzanja pomwe tili limatchedwa mkono wa Orion. Pakatikati pa Milky Way ili pafupi zaka 30.000 zowala. Asayansi akuganiza kuti pakati pa mlalang'ambawu pali dzenje lalikulu kwambiri lakuda. Amatchedwa Sagittarius A.
Mapulaneti azungulira dzuwa
Kukula kwa mapulaneti kumakhala kosiyanasiyana. Jupiter yokha imakhala ndi nkhani zopitilira kawiri za mapulaneti ena onse kuphatikiza. Dzuwa lathu ladzuwa linachokera pakukopeka ndi zinthu zamtambo zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zonse zomwe timadziwa kuchokera pagome la periodic. Chokopacho chinali champhamvu kwambiri kotero kuti chinagwa ndipo zida zonse zinakulitsidwa. Maatomu a haidrojeni amalowerera mu ma atomu a helium kudzera pakuphatikizika kwa nyukiliya. Umu ndi momwe Dzuwa lidapangidwira.
Pakadali pano tikupeza mapulaneti asanu ndi atatu ndi Dzuwa.Mercury, Venus, Mars, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus ndi Neptune. Mapulaneti agawika m'magulu awiri: zamkati kapena zapadziko lapansi ndi zakunja kapena Jovian. Mercury, Venus, Mars ndi Earth ndizadziko lapansi. Iwo ali pafupi kwambiri ndi Dzuwa ndipo ndi olimba. Mbali inayi, otsalawo amawerengedwa kuti ndi mapulaneti akutali ndi Dzuwa ndipo amadziwika kuti "Gaseous Giants".
Ponena za momwe mapulaneti alili, titha kunena kuti zikuzungulira mofanana. Komabe, mapulaneti amtunduwu amazungulira paliponse. Ndege yomwe dziko lathuli ndi mapulaneti ena onse amazungulira amatchedwa ndege ya ecliptic. Kuphatikiza apo, mapulaneti onse amayenda mozungulira mozungulira Dzuwa. Ma comets ngati Halley's, amazungulira mbali inayo.
Titha kudziwa momwe alili chifukwa cha ma telescope apakatikati, monga Hubble:
Masatayiti achilengedwe ndi mapulaneti amfupi
Mapulaneti azungulira dzuwa ali ndi ma satellite ngati pulaneti lathu. Amatchedwa "miyezi" kuti adziyimire m'njira yabwinoko. Mapulaneti omwe ali ndi ma satelayiti achilengedwe ndi awa: Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus ndi Neptune. Mercury ndi Venus alibe ma satelayiti achilengedwe.
Pali mapulaneti ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ochepa kukula kwake. Ali Ceres, Pluto, Eris, Makemake ndi Haumea. Kungakhale koyamba kuwamva, chifukwa mapulaneti awa sanaphatikizidwe m'mabuku a sukuluyi. M'masukulu amayang'ana kwambiri kuphunzira dzuwa lomwe limakonda kwambiri. Ndiye kuti, zinthu zonse zomwe zikuyimira kwambiri. Mapulaneti ochepa kwambiri amafunikira matekinoloje atsopano ndi makamera a digito kuti apezeke.
Madera akulu
Dzuwa limagawidwa m'magawo osiyanasiyana momwe mapulaneti amapezeka. Timapeza dera la Dzuwa, la Asteroid Belt lomwe lili pakati pa Mars ndi Jupiter (lomwe lili ndi ma asteroid ambiri mdziko lonse lapansi). Ifenso tili nawo Lamba la Kuiper ndi Disc Disc. Zinthu zonse kupitirira Neptune zimakhala zozizira kwathunthu chifukwa cha kutentha kwake. Pamapeto pake timakumana mtambo oort. Ndi mtambo wozungulira wa ma comets ndi ma asteroid omwe amapezeka m'mphepete mwa dongosolo la dzuwa.
Kuyambira pachiyambi, akatswiri a zakuthambo adagawa magawo azigawo zitatu:
- Yoyamba ndi gawo lamkati momwe mapulaneti amiyala amapezeka.
- Kenako tili ndi malo akunja momwe mumakhala zimphona zonse zamafuta.
- Pomaliza, zinthu zomwe zili kupitirira Neptune komanso zomwe zasungunuka.
Mphepo ya dzuwa
Nthawi zambiri mudamvapo zolakwika zamagetsi zomwe zingayambitsidwe ndi mphepo ya dzuwa. Ndi mtsinje wa tinthu tomwe timachoka ku Dzuwa mosalekeza komanso mwachangu kwambiri. Kapangidwe kake ndi ma elekitironi ndi ma proton omwe amakhudza dongosolo lonse la dzuwa. Chifukwa cha ntchitoyi, pamakhala mtambo wooneka ngati thovu womwe umaphimba chilichonse chomwe chili panjira yake. Amatchedwa heliosphere. Kupitilira malo omwe amafikira kumalo am'mlengalenga, amatchedwa heliopause, popeza kulibe mphepo ya dzuwa. Dera ili ndi mayunitsi a zakuthambo 100. Kuti mupeze lingaliro, gawo lakuthambo ndi mtunda kuchokera Padziko Lapansi kupita ku Dzuwa.
Monga mukuwonera, dzuwa lathu lili ndi mapulaneti ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zili m'chilengedwe. Tangokhala kamchenga kakang'ono pakati pa chipululu chachikulu.
Khalani oyamba kuyankha