Ofdị mineral

Ọ ga-ekwe omume na oge ụfọdụ, ị mụọ ihe mineral na njirimara ha. Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị mineral a na-ewepụta nke ọ bụla n’ụzọ n’ụzọ nwere àgwà dị iche iche. Mmadu na-erigbu mineral maka oru di iche iche. Otu ịnweta bụ ihe ọzọ karịa ihe siri ike nke nwere ihe ndị sitere n'okike na usoro kemịkal akọwapụtara.

N’isiokwu a, anyị ga-elekwasị anya na ụdị mineral dị iche iche dị n’ụwa na ihe ha na-eme. You chọrọ ịmatakwu banyere ya? Nke a bụ post gị 🙂

Njirimara nke na-akowa ihe ịnweta

Ihe mbu anyi kwesiri ileba anya na mineral bu na o dighi inert, inorganic element, ya bu na o nweghi ndu. Maka ịnweta ka ọ bụrụ ịnweta, a ga-ezute ọtụtụ ọnọdụ. Nke mbu bu na o nweghi ike isi na ihe ozo di ndu puta ya ma obu ihe ndi ozo. Ihe ndị a bụ ihe okike sitere n'okike n'ụwa. N'ịbụ onye okike, a ghaghị ịpụta ya site na okike ma ghara ịmepụta ya.

Na okwu banyere mineral enwere otutu ahia. Enwere ndị na-agha ụgha maka ihe ndị ọzọ synthetics mere onwe ha iji ree ha site n'aka ndị kwenyere na ike dị omimi nke mineral. Ihe omuma atu doro anya bu labradorite, quartz, wdg.

A ghaghị idozi usoro kemịkal nke ịnweta. Ihe mejuputara ya bu molekul na atom a haziri nke oma, odighi ka agbanwe ya. Enwere ike ịnweta mineral abụọ site na otu atọm na mkpụrụ ndụ mana ha nwere etu ha siri dị. Ihe omuma atu nke a bu cinnabar. Nke a na ịnweta mineral nwere HgS usoro ọgwụ. Nke a pụtara na ya mejupụtara mejupụtara nke molekul nke Mercury na sọlfọ. Maka cinnabar ịbụ ezigbo ịnweta, ọ ga-abụrịrị nke sitere na okike wee bụrụ ihe na-adịghị mma.

Etu esi amata ihe dị iche na mineral

Mgbe enwere obi abụọ, enwere njirimara ndị nwere ike inyere anyị aka ịkọwa ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụfọdụ mineral na ndị ọzọ. Anyị na-echeta na mineral ọ bụla nwere ihe onwunwe nke na-eme ka ọ pụọ iche ma dị iche na nke ndị ọzọ. Anyị ga-ahụ ihe bụ njirimara ndị ga - enyere anyị aka ịkọwa ọdịiche dị n'etiti mineral dị iche iche.

• Nke mbu bu imata ma anyi na ekwu maka ya A kristal. Enwere mineral nke bụ kristal n'onwe ha na sitere n'okike. O doro anya na ọ bụghị kristal dị ka nke anyị na-ahụkarị, ma ha nwere ọdịdị polyhedral, ihu, ihu na nsọtụ. Ekwesiri ikwuputa na otutu mineral bu kristal n'ihi nhazi ha.
• Àgwà bụ ụdị ha na-enwekarị. Dabere na okpomọkụ na nrụgide nke e guzobere ha, mineral nwere àgwà dị iche. Ọ bụ ụdị nke ha na - enwekarị.
• Agba ọ bụ a pụtara mfe atụmatụ ka ọdịiche. Onye ọ bụla na-egwuputa ihe nwere agba dị iche iche nke ga-enyere anyị aka ịmata nke bụ. E nwekwara ndị na-enweghị ụcha na ndị na-enweghị ntụpọ.
• Na-enwu gbaa Ọ bụ àgwà ọzọ nwere ike inyere anyị aka ịmata ụdị mineral. Onye nke ọ bụla nwere ìhè dị iche. E nwere ha nke nwere ọla, vitreous, matte ma ọ bụ adamantine luster.
• Njupụta nwere ike hụrụ nnọọ mfe. Dabere na oke na uka nke ọ bụla ịnweta, ị nwere ike mfe ịmata njupụta. Ngwongwo ndị kasị sie ike dị obere ma dị arọ.

Njirimara nke mineral

Mineral nwere akụrụngwa na-eje ozi iji kewaa ha ma mepụta ọtụtụ ha. Otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi na nke ejiri kee ha bụ ike. Site na nke kachasị sie ike na nke dị nro bụ nkewa site ihe Mohs.

Ngwongwo ozo bu fragility. Nke ahụ bụ, otu esi adị mfe ma ọ bụ sie ike ịmeji n'otu oge. Ikwesie ike na mgbagwoju anya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, diamond bụ mineral kachasị sie ike ebe ọ na-enweghị ike ịkọcha ya belụsọ ma ọ nwere diamond ọzọ. Agbanyeghị, ọ dị mfe ịkwụsị mgbe a kụrụ ya, ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-emebi emebi.

Mgbe ịnweta na-agbaji ya, ọ nwere ike ịgbaji n'ụzọ na-ezighi ezi ma ọ bụ wepụ ya na mgbe niile. Mgbe nke ikpeazụ a mere, ọ pụtara na ha nwere otu iberibe. Iji nyochaa otu ịnweta kpamkpam A ghaghị iburu njirimara ya na njirimara ya niile.

Mohs n'ọtụtụ bụ ihe ndị na-esonụ, site na nnukwu ike na obere:

• 10. Daimọn
• 9. Corundum
• 8. Topaz
• 7. Quartz
• 6. Ọkpụkpụ
• 5. Apatite
• 4. Fluorite
• 3.Calcite
• 2 akwa
• 1.Talc

Iji mee ka nghọta dị mfe, a ghaghi ikwu na isi ike nwere ikike ịkọcha. N'okwu a, talc nwere ike ịkọcha mmadụ niile, mana ọ nweghị ike ịkọcha onye ọ bụla. Quartz nwere ike ịkọcha ndepụta ndị ọzọ site na 6 gbadata, mana enwere ike ịkọcha ya site na topaz, corundum na diamond. Daimọn, ebe ọ bụ na ọ kacha sie ike, enweghị ike ịkọcha ya onye ọbụla nwere ike ịkọcha mmadụ niile.

Ofdị mineral

Otú mineral si apụta n’okike na-enyere ha aka ịmata otu nnukwu ìgwè abụọ. N'otu aka, ha bụ nkume na-akpụ okwute ma, n’aka nke ọzọ, ihe ndị ọzọ na -emepụta ihe.

Otu ihe atụ nke ụdị ịnweta mbụ bụ granite. Granite bụ nkume nwere ụdị mineral atọ: quartz, feldspars, na mica (lee Rockdị nkume). Nke abụọ ụdị anyị nwere ígwè ores. Ọ bụ ore n'ihi na ọ na-enwetara site na ígwè. Iron ore nwere nnukwu ọdịnaya nke ihe okike na nke dị ọcha, ya mere enwere ike iwepụta ya ozugbo. A ghaghi ikwu na ores nwere ihe ojoo.

Otu n'ime mineral na-akpụ nkume anyị nwere:

• Ndị a bụ otu mineral nke na-etolite nkume nwere oke ụba. Anyị na-ahụ biotite, olivine, quartz na orthoose.
• Enweghị silicates. Mineral ndị a enweghị sịlịkọn ma bụrụ gypsum, halite na calcite.

N'aka nke ozo, anyi nwere ihe ndi ozo nke eji esi na ya weputa ya site na mmewere. A na-akpọ nnukwu nchịkọta nke otu ụdị mineral ore nkwụnye ego. Iji nweta ọla site na ọla, a na-ekewa adịghị ọcha site na ịzọpịa ya na mgbe ahụ re-fuses na elu okpomọkụ. Nke a bụ otú e si guzobe ingots ndị a ma ama.

Enwere m olileanya na site na ozi a ị nwere ike ịghọta karịa ụdị mineral.