I ka makahiki 2022, ua ao aku ka Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission e kokoke ana i ka 30% ka nui o ke kai eʻe ma luna o hoʻokahi mika kiʻekiʻe ma ke Kai Mediterranean i nā makahiki he 100 e hiki mai ana. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka mea e noʻonoʻo ai ka poʻe inā he hiki maoli ke a kai eʻe ma Sepania. No ka hiki ʻana mai o ke kai eʻe, pono e loaʻa kahi ākea o ka moana e hiki ai ke hoʻohua i ka nalu nui.
Ma kēia ʻatikala e haʻi aku mākou iā ʻoe pehea e hiki ai ke kai eʻe ma Sepania a me nā mea i hana ʻia ma ka mōʻaukala.
ʻO
ʻO ka tsunami ma Sepania
I loko o nā makahiki he 2500 i hala iho nei, ua ʻike nā ʻāina Mediterranean i kekahi mau kai eʻe pōʻino. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa i 365, 1303, a me 1908. ʻO nā mea mua ʻelua i hana ʻia e nā ʻōlaʻi Helene arc, a ʻo ke kolu i hana ʻia ma ke kowa o Messina. ʻO ka mea hou aku nei, ua paʻi nā kai eʻe weliweli loa ma ka ʻāina Mediterranean i ke Kai Aegean ma 1956, me nā nalu a hiki i 25 mika, a me ka ʻākau o Algeria i ka makahiki 2003, me kahi kai eʻe a hiki i 2 mau mika i pā i nā mokupuni Balearic.
ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka ʻikepili mōʻaukala e hōʻoiaʻiʻo iā mākou, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka pilikia o ke kai eʻe e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke Kai Mediterranean.
Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Mediterranean Mediterranean, ʻo ka mea nui loa no ke kai eʻe ʻo ia ka hewa o ke Kai Averroes ma ke Kai Alberrán. Loaʻa ka ʻikepili mai kahi noiʻi hou e ka China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, i paʻi ʻia ma ka puke pai Scientific Reports, e ʻōlelo ana ʻaʻole hiki i nā hewa maʻamau a hoʻohuli ke hoʻoulu i ke kai eʻe, akā i kēia hihia nā hewa lele. Ua hoʻoulu ka ʻōlaʻi i nā nalu a hiki i 6 mika ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka Averroes Marine Fault, kahi i lawe ma waena o 21 a 35 mau minuke a hiki i kahakai.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke kahakai ʻo Sepania ka mea e pili nui ana i ke kai eʻe, ʻo ia ka Moana ʻAkelanika. Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai Tsumaps, ma I loko o nā makahiki he 50 e hiki mai ana he 10% ka manawa e paʻi ai kahi kai eʻe he 1 mika kiʻekiʻe ma nā kahakai o Huelva a i ʻole Cádiz., a me 3% inā kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā nalu o 3 mika. A ʻo nā hanana o 1755 a mākou i wehewehe ai i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia ʻatikala e hana hou ʻia, ʻo ia ke kumu i loaʻa ai i kekahi mau kūlanakauhale ma ka hema o Sepania i nā hoʻolālā pale a me nā hoʻolālā hana i ka wā o ke kai eʻe.
ʻO kekahi moʻolelo
He lā paʻakikī loa ʻo Nowemapa 1, 1755 no Lisbon. Aia ka epicenter ma kahi mamao mai ke kahakai o Pokukala, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe ʻepekema, ʻo ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Lisbon e ōlaʻi i hana ʻia ma ka Moana ʻAkelanika, nā seismologists. e kuhi ana aia paha kona nui ma waena o 8,7 a me 9, a me ka nui o ke ōlaʻi. he 0 ka nui o ka manawa. Ua ʻike maopopo ʻia ka pōʻino i hana ʻia e ka pōʻino: ua ʻike ʻia e kona lōʻihi lōʻihi a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hana ʻino, a ma kahi o 60.000 a 100.000 mau kānaka i make i ka pōʻino.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole ia he hanana kaʻawale akā ua ukali ʻia e ke ahi a, e like me ke ʻano o ke olai nui i ke kai, ua like ka nui o ke kai eʻe me ka nui o ke olai i hahau iā ia. Ua aneane lilo ke kapikala o Pokukala i lehu.
No ke kai eʻe, ua manaʻo ʻia ua piʻi nā nalu i 5 mika ke kiʻekiʻe ma Lisbon, a ma kahi o 15.000 mau kānaka i make i ke kai eʻe ma waena o nā mea make i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka pōʻino. ʻO ke kahakai ʻoi loa i hoʻopilikia ʻia ʻo ka Pukiki.
Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia kona mana ma ke kahakai ʻo Atlantika o Sepania a me Morocco. Ma Andalusia, ua hoʻoluliluli nā nalu i ke kahakai ʻo Atlantika holoʻokoʻa, mai Ayamonte a Tarifa. Ma Huelva, ua laha ka poino, me a Ua manaʻo ʻia ka nui o ka make ma kahi o 1.000 a me 400 ma kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale paʻakikī loa.s, e like me Ayamonte a me Lepe, ma kahi o ka luku ʻana i kahi hapa nui o nā ʻauwaʻa lawaiʻa. ʻO ke kahakai holoʻokoʻa o Cádiz, nā kūlanakauhale a pau i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ke kai eʻe. Ma Cádiz, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā nalu a hiki i 18 mau mika, e luku ana i kahi ʻāpana o ka pā o ke kūlanakauhale, me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke kahe a me ka pōʻino mai Puerto de Santa María a i Tarifa.
ʻO ke kiʻi o ke ʻano o nā nalu e pā ana i kahakai he mea weliweli. Nā hiʻohiʻona hou aʻe, e like me ke kai eʻe i ka makahiki 2004 i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi ōlaʻi ma waho o ke kahakai ʻo Sumatra, ka mea i make kokoke i ka hapaha miliona kanaka, e hōʻoia i kēia. ʻOiai ua hana hou ʻia nā hanana e like me ka mea ma Lisbon i ka mōʻaukala, ua maʻa mākou e hoʻopili i nā kai eʻe me nā mea maʻamau o nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka honua, e like me ka Moana Pākīpika, kahi e ulu pinepine ai nā ōlaʻi nui. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau ʻano.
Nā wahi pilikia o ke kai ma Sepania
Hōʻike nā mea noiʻi ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi palapala ma ka pae mokuʻāina kahi i ʻike ʻia ai nā wahi i pilikia loa i ke kai eʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā kahakai a pau o Sepania, koe wale nō ʻo Asturias a me Cantabria, kahi i emi ai ka hopena. "ʻAʻole hiki ke hana i kēia mau wahi no ka mea ʻaʻohe hewa. Loaʻa kēia mau mea ma ke kahawai ʻo Cádiz, ma ka ʻākau o Algeria, ma ka ʻākau o ʻApelika, a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. No laila, Pono e hana ʻia nā haʻawina ma ke kaiāulu a me ke kaona.
Aia ʻo Sepania i kēia manawa he Citizen Protection Plan e kūʻē i nā pilikia o ke kai eʻe, kahi e hoʻomākaukau ai ke Aupuni a ʻae ʻia i Mei 2021. E like me ka wehewehe ʻana ma ka kikokikona i paʻi ʻia ma ka Official State Gazette (BOE), ʻo ia ka "tsunami warning system" e hoʻomaopopo i ka pale kīwila. nā mana a me nā lawelawe ulia pōpilikia o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoweliweli i haʻi ʻia ma luna, a me nā kamaʻāina i hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia", ʻoiai ʻo ia wale nō ka wehewehe ʻana i "nā kumu hoʻolālā kumu no ka pale ʻana i nā poʻe kīwila i nā pilikia tsunami".
Eia kekahi, aia ka National Geographic Institute of Spain (IGN) i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻolaha kai eʻe e hana ana a hoʻouna i nā leka hoʻolaha i ka lehulehu inā pilikia. Akā, pono e loa'a i nā kūlanakauhale i ho'opilikia 'ia e ke kai e'e.
ʻO Bay of Cádiz he wahi pilikia nui
ʻO ke kai o Cádiz kahi wahi pilikia nui ma muli o ʻO kona pili kokoke i nā laina kuhi hewa like ʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i ka pā Eurasia mai ka pā ʻApelika. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ʻo Sepania e ka ōlaʻi Lisbon o 1755, i puka mai i ka hohonu o ke kai. ʻO ka hopena o ke kai eʻe i hoʻopōʻino i nā kahakai o Huelva a me Cádiz, ua make ma mua o 2.000 mau kānaka ma ka hapa nui o ke kahakai Andalusia. No kēia mau kumu a pau, ua hoʻoholo lākou e hoʻopili i ka ʻaha kūkā o Chipiona, kahi e hoʻomaka ai ka papahana.
ʻO Chipiona kahi hihia hoʻokele o ka papahana hoʻomākaukau kai eʻe, a ke aʻo ʻia nei nā ʻanuʻu a pau e hoʻomākaukau ai i ke kaona, ʻo ka ʻāpana hoʻomalu a me ka heluna a me nā lawelawe pilikia. E lilo ana kēia hoʻolālā i alakaʻi i nā kaona ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana.
Manaʻo wau me kēia ʻike hiki iā ʻoe ke aʻo hou aku e pili ana i ke kai eʻe ma Sepania a pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ia.
E lilo i mea mua e wehewehe