Ke awāwa ʻo Rift

El awāwa awāwa He bila geological nui loa ia i hoʻomaka e hana ma kahi o 30 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei a noho i kahi o 4830 kilomita i kahi ʻākau a hema hema.

I kēia lā ua manaʻo ʻia kēia wahi o ke kanaka ma muli o ka nui o nā fossil hominid i loaʻa ma laila. Eia hou, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Unesco i nā loko i kahua hoʻoilina honua ma 2011. Akā, He aha hou aʻe mea kūikawā e pili ana i kēia wahi?

Nohea mai 'oe?

E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai i ka hoʻomaka, ua hoʻomaka ke awāwa ʻo Rift ma kahi o 30 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā papa tectonic (Somali, India, Arabian and Eurasian) I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka pōpō o ka honua e ka magma i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e piʻi i luna, ua hana ʻia kahi ʻauwaha lōʻihi me nā pali kūpikipiki..

ʻO nā ʻāpana pōhaku waena e hana mau i nā ʻāpana, e hana ana i nā hemahema kahi o nā pōhaku e hoʻokau i kahi pāheʻe kū. I nā wahi he nui ua poho kēia mau palaka e hana i kahi graben, kahi kaumaha lōʻihi i hoʻopili ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua e nā hewa maʻamau like.

Pehea kou ʻano ʻāina?

ʻO ke awāwa ʻo Rift, aia ma ka hikina o ka ʻāina ʻApelika, a he 4830 kilomika ka lōʻihi. Ma kona ʻaoʻao hikina loaʻa iā mākou nā savannas ʻApelika maʻamau, kahi o ka buffalo ʻApelika, ka wildebeest, ka giraffe a me ka liona e noho ai; Y ma ke komohana hoʻokipa ia i nā ululāʻau, ʻo ia kahi o nā chimpanzees a me nā gorilla, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Ma laila ʻoe e ʻike ai i ka luaipele ʻo Kilimanjaro, he mauna ia ma ke komohana ʻākau o Tanzania i hana ʻia e ʻekolu mau lua pele hana ʻole (Shira aia ma ke komohana a he 3962 kiʻekiʻe kona kiʻekiʻe, ʻo Maswenzi ma ka hikina a ana iā 5149 mau mika. o ke kiʻekiʻena. a me ka Uhuru ma waenakonu o nā mea ʻelua i loaʻa ke kiʻekiʻena o 5891,8 mau mika), me ka hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi o nā loko wai wai nui nui ma ka ʻāina nui, e like me Turkana, Tanganyika a i ʻole Malawi.

Ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana e ka awawa Rift, ma ka hikina o ka ʻāina ʻoi aku ka maloo o ke aniau ma mua o ke komohana, ʻo ia ke kumu ma kēia ʻāpana o ʻApelika i hōʻike mua ʻia ai ka savannah, a laila nā kolo kūloko a hiki i kēlā manawa e noho ana i nā kumulāʻau. I kekahi manawa ma hope ua lilo lākou i terestrial, ke aʻo ʻana e hele ma ko lākou mau wāwae hope ʻelua a mākou i ʻike ai i kēia mau lā he mau wāwae.

He wahi nani kēia e aʻo hou ai e pili ana i ka wā mamao loa o ke kanaka, mai ia manawa ua hōʻike ka haki nui i nā haneli mau mika o ka pae honuaNo laila ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mōʻalihaku kanaka ʻaʻole wale ia he hana paʻakikī, he mea hoihoi nō hoʻi ia.

He aha nā loko o ke awāwa ʻo Rift Nui?

ʻO nā loko i loko o kēia awāwa kekahi o nā waiwai nui loa o nā meaolaola honua. A hiki i kēia manawa 800 mau ʻano iʻa cichlid i ʻike ʻia (iʻa iwi), a he nui hou aku nā mea e kali nei ke ʻike ʻia.

Akā nō naʻe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kōkua nui nā loko i ke omo ʻana i nā kinoea hoʻomehana honua i hoʻoili ʻia e nā wahie fossil, aerosols a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, pono e hōʻemi i ka nāhelehele o nā wahi a puni a hoʻihoʻi i kēlā mau wahi i holoi ʻia. Hoʻopomo nā wao nahele, ma ʻApelika a me nā wahi āpau o ka honua, i nā kinoea e like me carbon dioxide, a pēlā e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ai i nā hopena o ke aniau.

ʻO ko lākou mau inoa:

ʻO Etiopia

• Lake Abaya: o 1162km2
• Lake Chamo: o 551km2
• Lake Ziway: o 485km2
• Lake Shala: o 329km2
• Lake Koka: o 250km2
• Ke kai Lake: o 230km2
• Lake Abijatta: o 205km2
• Awasa Lake: o 129km2

Kenia

• ʻO Lake Lake: o 6405km2
• Lake Logipi: he kai pāpaʻu ia ma ke awāwa ʻo Suguta
• Ke kai ʻo Baringo: o 130km2
• Lake bogoria: o 34km2
• Lake nakuru: o 40km2
• Lake Elmenteita: kai pāpaʻu.
• Lake Naivasha: o 160km2
• Lake Magadi: ke kai pāpaʻu e kokoke ana i ka palena me Tanzania.

Tanazania

• Lake natron: ka loko papakū i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka World Wildlife Fund ma ke ʻano he halophytic ecoregion o East Africa.
• Lake Manyara: o 231km2
• Lake Lake: kai kau pāpaʻu
• Lake Makati

Loko komohana

• Lake Albert: o 5300km2
• Lake Eduardo: o 2325km2
• Ke kai ʻo Kivu: o 2220km2
• Lake Tanganyika: o 32000km2

Nā loko loko hema

• Rukwa Lake: ma kahi o 560km2
• Lake Malawi: o 30000km2
• Lake Malombe: o 450km2
• Lake Chilwa: o 1750km2

Nā loko ʻē aʻe

• Lake Moero: o 4350km2
• Mweru Wantipa Lake: o 1500km2

He wahi kupaianaha ke awāwa ʻo Rift, piha i ke ola. ʻO kekahi o kēlā mau mea āu e hele ai e ʻike i hoʻokahi manawa. Lana ko mākou manaʻo ua hauʻoli ʻoe i kēia ʻatikala i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka moʻo o ke kanaka.