ʻO ka lā ka hōkū kokoke loa i ka honua, 149,6 miliona kilomita mai ka honua aku. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hōkūhele a pau o ka ʻōnaehana solar e kona ʻumekaumaha nui, e hoʻopuni ana iā ia ma nā mamao like ʻole, e like me nā comets a me nā asteroids a mākou i ʻike ai. ʻIke ʻia ka lā ma ka inoa ʻo Astro Rey. nui ka poe i ike ole pehea ka la i haku ai.
No kēia kumu, e hoʻolaʻa mākou i kēia ʻatikala e haʻi iā ʻoe pehea i haku ʻia ai ka lā, kona mau ʻano a me kona koʻikoʻi no ke ola.
Nā kuhikuhi nui
He hōkū maʻamau kēia i kā mākou galaxy: ʻaʻole ia he nui a ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kona mau kaikuahine miliona. Ma ka ʻepekema, ua helu ʻia ka Lā ma ke ʻano he G2-type yellow dwarf.
Aia i kēia manawa i kāna kaʻina ola nui. Aia ia ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka Milky Way, in kekahi o kona mau lima wiliwili, 26.000 mau makahiki malamalama mai ke kikowaena o ke Ala Milky. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka nui o ka lā he 99% o ka nui o ka ʻōnaehana solar holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ia ka mea like me ka 743 mau manawa o ka nui o nā hōkūhele āpau i hui pū ʻia, a ma kahi o 330.000 manawa ka nui o ko mākou honua.
Me ke anawaena o 1,4 miliona mau kilomita, ʻo ia ka mea nui loa a ʻoi aku ka mālamalama o ka lani o ka Honua. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻokaʻawale ai ko lākou hele ʻana ma waena o ke ao a me ka pō. No nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, he pōpō plasma nui ka lā, kokoke puni. Aia ka nui o hydrogen (74,9%) a me ka helium (23,8%), me ka liʻiliʻi (2%) o nā mea kaumaha e like me ka oxygen, carbon, neon, a me ka hao..
ʻO ka hydrogen ka wahie nui o ka lā. Eia naʻe, i kona ʻā ʻana, lilo ia i helium, e waiho ana ma hope o kahi papa o ka helium "lehu" i ka ulu ʻana o ka hōkū ma kona pōʻai ola nui.
Pehea ka La?
He hoku poepoe ka La, ua palahalaha iki kona mau pou ma muli o ka nee o ka poepoe. ʻOiai ʻo ia ka hydrogen fusion atomic bomb nui a hoʻomau, ʻo ka huki umekaumaha nui i hāʻawi ʻia e kona nui e kūʻē i ka pahū o loko, a hiki i kahi kaulike e hiki ai ke hoʻomau.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka lā ma nā papa, ʻoi aku a liʻiliʻi paha e like me ka aniani. ʻO kēia mau papa:
- Nucleus. ʻO ka ʻāpana o loko o ka Lā, ʻo ia ka hapalima o ka hōkū holoʻokoʻa: ʻo kona radius āpau ma kahi o 139.000 km. Ma laila ka pahū ʻātoma nui o ka hui ʻana o ka hydrogen, akā ʻo ka huki umekaumaha o ke poʻo o ka lā ua nui loa a ʻo ka ikehu i hana ʻia ma kēia ʻano he miliona mau makahiki a hiki i ka ʻili.
- Wahi hoʻoheheʻe. Hana ʻia ʻo ia me ka plasma, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā kinoea e like me ka helium a/a i ʻole hydrogen ionized, a ʻo ia ka ʻāina e hoʻomālamalama i ka ikehu i nā papa o waho, e hoʻemi nui i nā mahana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kēia wahi.
- convection zone. ʻO kēia kahi kahi kahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻole ʻia ai ke kinoea, e paʻakikī ai i ka ikehu (ma ke ʻano o nā photons) e pakele mai ka lā. 'O ia ho'i, hiki i ka ikehu ke pakele wale ma o ka wela convection, 'oi aku ka lohi. ʻO ka hopena, ua wela ʻole ka wai o ka lā, e hoʻonui ai, e nalowale ana ka nui, a me ka piʻi ʻana a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o nā au, e like me ke kai o loko.
- Photosphere. ʻO ka ʻāina kahi e hoʻopuka ai ka lā i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo kahi papa alohilohi ma kahi o 100 a 200 mau kilomita ka hohonu, ʻike ʻia me he mau huaʻai ʻālohilohi ma kahi ʻeleʻele. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻili o ka hōkū a kahi e ʻike ʻia ai nā poho lā.
- Chromosfera: ʻO kēia ka inoa i hāʻawi ʻia i ka papa waho o ka photosphere ponoʻī, ʻoi aku ka translucent a paʻakikī ke ʻike ʻia no ka mea ua uhi ʻia e ka ʻālohilohi o ka papa mua. Aia ma kahi o 10.000 mau kilomita ke anawaena a hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka wā o ka pō o ka lā me kahi ʻano ʻulaʻula.
- Pāleona ʻO kēia ka inoa i hāʻawi ʻia i ka papa lahilahi loa o ka lewa waho o ka Lā, kahi i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana e pili ana i nā papa o loko. ʻO kēia ka mea pohihihi o ka ʻōnaehana lā. Eia nō naʻe, aia ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka mea a me kahi māla magnetic ikaika, ka ikehu a me nā mea e hele ana i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe loa, a me nā kukui X he nui.
ʻO ke kai
E like me kā mākou i ʻike ai, ʻokoʻa ka mahana o ka Lā ma muli o ka ʻāina i noho ai ka hōkū, ʻoiai ua wela loa nā hōkū a pau e kā mākou mau kūlana. Ma ke kikowaena o ka Lā, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mahana kokoke i 1,36 x 106 degere Kelvin (ʻo ia ma kahi o 15 miliona degere Celsius), ʻoiai ma ka ʻili ke hāʻule ka mahana i 5.778 K (ma kahi o 5.505 °C). hoʻi hou i 2 x Corona o 105 Kelvin.
ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka Lā no ke ola
Ma o ka hoʻokuʻu mau ʻana o ka radiation electromagnetic, me ka mālamalama i ʻike ʻia e ko mākou mau maka, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka Lā a hoʻomālamalama i ko mākou honua, e hana ana i ke ola e like me kā mākou i ʻike ai. No laila, hiki ʻole ke pani ʻia ka lā.
Hiki i kona mālamalama ke photosynthesis, inā ʻaʻole e loaʻa i ka lewa ka nui o ka oxygen e like me kā mākou e pono ai a ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea kanu ke kākoʻo i nā kaulahao meaʻai like ʻole. Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, hoʻopaʻa ʻia kona wela i ke aniau, hiki i ka wai wai ke ola, a hāʻawi i ka ikehu no nā pōʻaiapuni like ʻole.
ʻO ka hope, mālama ka umekaumaha o ka lā i nā hīkū ma ka ʻōpuni, me ka Honua. Inā ʻaʻole ia, ʻaʻohe ao a pō, ʻaʻohe kau, a ʻoiaʻiʻo he honua anu a make ka Honua e like me ka nui o nā hokele waho. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ma ka moʻomeheu kanaka: kokoke i nā moʻolelo moʻolelo a pau i ʻike ʻia, Noho maʻamau ka lā i kahi kikowaena i ka noʻonoʻo hoʻomana e like me ke akua makua o ka momona. ʻO nā akua nui a pau, nā aliʻi a me nā mesia e pili pū ana me ko lākou nani, ʻoiai ʻo ka make, ka mea ʻole a me ka hewa a i ʻole nā mea huna e pili ana i ka pō a me kāna mau hana pō.
Manaʻo wau me kēia ʻike hiki iā ʻoe ke aʻo hou e pili ana i ka haku ʻana o ka Lā a me kona koʻikoʻi.
E lilo i mea mua e wehewehe