Haɗin yanayin duniya

Idan wata duniya tayi nisa ko kusa da Rana, da wahala sosai ta samu yanayi mai kaifin rayuwa. Wanda ya kewaye Duniya, gidan mu, shine gaseous Layer wa ya ba da damar hakan ta faru. Ya zuwa yanzu, ba a sami wata duniyar da za ta iya “yin fahariya” da samun mazauna ciki ba.

Amma, Menene yanayin yanayin duniya kuma me yasa yake da mahimmanci?

Haɗin yanayin duniya

Yankin gas mai cike da yanayi ya canza sannu a hankali tsawon miliyoyin shekaru yayin da yanayin duniya ya bunkasa. A yanzu, gas uku, nitrogen, oxygen da argon, sune kashi 99,95% na yanayin yanayi; Nitrogen da argon basa aiki sosai kuma da zarar an sakasu cikin sararin samaniya suna nan; oxygen, akasin haka, yana aiki sosai kuma yawanta yana ƙaddara ta saurin halayen da ke danganta ajiyar yanayi na oxygen kyauta tare da rage ajiya wanda yake wanzu a cikin duwatsun ƙasa.

Ragowar abubuwan da ke cikin iska suna nan a cikin wasu 'yan adadi kaɗan yadda yawancin abubuwan da aka kera su a gaba ɗaya ana bayyana su kashi-kashi cikin miliyan ta girma. Su ne kamar haka:

• Neon: 20,2
• Helio: 4,0
• Methane: 16,0
• Krypton: 83,8
• Hydrogen: 2,0
• Xenon: 131,3
• Ozone: 48,0
• Iodine: 126,9
• Radon: 222,0
• Carbon dioxide: 44
• Tururin ruwa: 18

Wadannan iskar gas din suna bayyana kwatankwacin su har zuwa tsaunuka kusa da kilomita 80, shi yasa aka kira su dauwamamme. Koyaya, mahimmin matsayi a cikin yanayin yanayi ya faɗi akan gas mai canzawa, musamman tururin ruwa, carbon dioxide, ozone da aerosols.

Tururin ruwa

Tururin ruwa shine gas din da yake samuwa yayin da ruwa ya tashi daga ruwa zuwa yanayin gas. Wannan shine farkon tsarin tafiyar yanayi, ingantaccen wakilin jigilar zafin jiki da mai sarrafa yanayin zafi.

Carbon dioxide

Gas ne mara launi, mara ƙamshi wanda ke da mahimmanci don a sami rayuwa a Duniya, tunda shine babban alhakin abin da ake kira sakamako na greenhouse. A halin yanzu, karuwar hayakin wannan gas yana haifar da karuwar yanayin zafi.

Ozone

Wannan shine kawai iskar gas din da yana shan kusan dukkanin hasken rana sabili da haka ya zama ambulaf mai kiyayewa wanda ba tare da rayuwa ta ɓata duniya ba.

Feshin Aerosol

Suna da tasiri mai tasiri akan ƙarancin iska kuma suna aiwatar da ayyuka waɗanda ke yanke hukunci game da yanayin, asalima ta yadda suke yi sandaro nuclei daga wacce giragizai da kaho suke samuwa, duk da cewa wani lokacin sukan zama sanadin mummunan matakan gurbatar iska lokacin da hankalinsu yayi yawa.

Yankunan ƙasa na yanayin duniya

Yanayin duniya ya kasu kashi biyar. Ya fi yawa a farfajiya, amma karfinsa yana raguwa da tsayi har sai daga karshe ya dusashe zuwa sararin samaniya.

• Yankin Yankin: Layi ne na farko kuma shine inda muka sami kanmu. Har ila yau, inda yanayin yake faruwa. Tana can matakin kasa har zuwa kilomita 10 na tsawo.
• Yankin duniya: Idan kun taba hawa jirgin sama na jet, kun yi shi zuwa yanzu. Hakanan za'a sami lemar ozone a cikin wannan layin. Tana tsakanin 10km da 50km a tsayi.
• Yankuna: wanda shine inda meteorites suke "ƙonewa" kuma suke hallaka kansu. Tana tsakanin 50 zuwa 80km na tsawo.
• Yanayi: inda ake samun kyawawan fitilun arewa. Har ila yau, inda sararin samaniya ke kewaya. Tana tsakanin 80 zuwa 500km na tsawo.
• Sararin samaniya: wanda shine shimfidar waje mafi girma da mafi ƙaranci wanda ya ƙare haɗuwa da sararin waje. Tana tsakanin kilomita 500 zuwa 10.000 na tsayi kusan.

Yanayi da dumamar yanayi

Tun bayan Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu, bil'adama ba ta daina yawan fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli da sauran gurbatattun abubuwa zuwa sararin samaniya ba, wanda ya haifar da matsakaicin yanayin duniya ya tashi 0'6ºC. Yana iya zama ba shi da kyau, amma gaskiyar ita ce cewa ya isa ya yarda da samuwar ƙaruwar tasirin yanayi mai ƙarfi, ko guguwa ce, guguwar iska ko fari.

Amma me yasa wannan ƙaramar alama ba ta da tasiri a rayuwar duniya? Da kyau, dumamar yanayi yana sa tekuna suyi zafi, kuma a halin yanzu ana yin acid din. Tekunan da ke da dumi za su iya 'ciyar da' guguwa mai lalacewa. Hakanan, kankara a yankunan polar tana narkewa. Wannan dusar kankara dole ta tafi wani wuri, kuma tabbas tana zuwa teku, haifar da karuwa a matakin ta.

Har sai an dauki matakan rage gurbatacciyar iskar gas, to a ƙarshen karni zafin jiki na iya hawa digiri 2, Kamar yadda mafi qarancin.

Don haka, muna fatan ya kasance yana da amfani a gare ku kuma zai kasance muku da sauki daga yanzu ku gane bangarori daban-daban, da kuma yanayin yanayin duniya da mahimmiyar rawar da suke da ita don a sami rayuwa a wannan ƙaramar duniyar shuɗin.